History study guide (The enlightenment) Kevin

Before _____, Many people looked to the Church for natural explanations.

We had a desire to stop using monarchy as our form of government

An agreement where people give up absolute freedom to create a government that protects law and order.

Developed the scientific method based on experimentation.

Which of these were outcomes of the enlightenment?

Believed that a monarch was necessary to preserve order in a naturally evil world.

An astronomer who developed the heliocentric theory.

An astronomer who challenged the Church but later withdrew his observations.

Who criticized the power of the French government and the Church?

Who argued that women deserve the same education as men?

Argued that all are equal and established the social contract.

Cesare Beccaria Argued that laws exist to preserve social order, not for revenge

A new way of thinking about the natural world based on careful observations & willingness to question settled beliefs.

The Church declared Galileo's findings false

Who believed that all humans were born evil?

Montesquieu proposed the separation of government powers into three branches. What were they?

Which of the below is true about Nicholas Copernicus?

Supported the separation of powers and checks and balances.

Made significant advances in mathematics, developing calculus and the laws of gravity.

Advocated for freedom of speech and religion.

John Locke believed humans were naturally good

A logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas.

Who introduced the idea of the social contract?

The sun-centered view of the universe.

Developed the scientific method by urging individuals to question everything.

What caused the enlightenment?

An intellectual movement that stressed the use of reason and the power of individuals.

An astronomer who challenged the Church but later withdrew his observations.

Who proved the universal laws of gravitation, showing that all physical objects are affected by mass and distance?

An astronomer who proved Copernicus correct mathematically.

Believed in life, liberty, and property as basic rights that governments protect, with the consent of the people.

Newton helped to create calculus

Galileo observed the heavens with a borrowed telescope, supporting the findings of Copernicus and Kepler.

Advocated for equality for women.