the smallest unit in the sound system

Kids applying the rules of grammar incorrectly is an example of

over-regularization/ overgeneralized errors

What is State-Dependent Memory

Memories that are retrieved because of the mood you're in

What is an availability heuristic?

What is available in our memory to check new info against

Retroactive Interference is...

When new memories interfere with older ones

Episodic memory is...

Long-term memory of personal events

Whorf's linguistic determinism emphasizes that

words shape the way people think

What are the three intelligences of the Sternberg's triarchy theory?

Analytical, creative, practical

the smallest part of a word that has meaning

Anterograde Amnesia is...?

Inability to create new memories after amnesia occurred.

The Gambler's Fallacy

To say that 'runs' occur to statistically indep. phenomena

Because of the Serial Position Effect...

It will be hard to recall items in the middle of a list.

seeking evidence to support an idea, rather than refute it

The formula for IQ is

Mental Age / Chronological Age x 100

Heritability refers to

proportion of variation among individuals attributed 2 genes

What is functional fixedness?

a tendency to view objects as only working in a certain way

What is the difference between achievement and aptitude tests?

Achievement=what we have learned; Aptitude=what we can learn

What does the cerebellum do?

processes implicit memories (skills and procedures)

What is Savant Syndrome?

Score low on intelligence tests but brilliant with one thing

methodical step-by-step procedure for solving problems.

Compare iconic memory to echoic memory.

Iconic: visual memory; Echoic: auditory memory.

A detail that is not directly stated

Activation of particular associations in memory

Thinking in a variety of ways to solve problems

Stereotype threat is...

people feeling at risk of fitting into negative stereotypes about themself

the best example of an image of a particular category

your memory for meanings and general (impersonal) facts

Alfred Binet believed that intelligence was...

age-related and focused on mental functions

What is most fitted as a mental set?

not studying for a test getting a 90 and never studying again

What does a z score of -2 imply?

The point was 2 standard deviations below the mean

What is retrograde amnesia?

loss of memory from the point of some injury

Define: telegraphic speech

Leave out words, use wrong verb tense, but still get message across

What is Context-Dependent Memory?

Memories that come back to you in a specific situation or location

According the the Recency Effect...

It will be easy to remember items at the end of the list

Long term potentiation describes

the strengthening of neural connections due to stimulation

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2022 Cognition AP Psychology

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Questions 51

Answers

1
Working memory is associated with which of the following?
short-term memory
long-term memory
sensory memory
integrated memory
2
The phoneme is ...
the smallest unit in the sound system
the study of minimal pairs
the study of the sounds of human
the study of accent, stress and rhythm
3
"G" factor
Spearman
Gardiner
Sternberg
Bouchard
4
Kids applying the rules of grammar incorrectly is an example of
pace of learning
imitation
over-regularization/ overgeneralized errors
reinforcement
5
What is State-Dependent Memory
Memories that are retrieved because of the mood you're in
Things you remember depending on your location
Memories of different emotions
Memories of different states
6
Fluid intelligence ____________ with age, and crystallized intelligence ____________ with age.
decreases, decreases
decreases, increases
increases, decreases
increases, increases
7
What is an availability heuristic?
What is available in books to check new info against
What is available in our society to check new info against
What is available in the media to check new info against
What is available in our memory to check new info against
8
Retroactive Interference is...
When older memories interfere with new ones
When somebody interferes with your conversion
When somebody interferes with your tv programme
When new memories interfere with older ones
9
proactive interference is
old impacting new
new impacting old
no new memories, old still exist
no old memories, can make new ones
10
Episodic memory is...
Long-term memory of how to do things
Long-term memory of knowledge
Memory of Doctor Who episodes
Long-term memory of personal events
11
Your memory of your 8th grade History teacher is an example of
functional fixedness
explicit memory
implicit memory
confirmation bias
12
Whorf's linguistic determinism emphasizes that
words shape the way people think
all languages share a similar grammar
our linguistic proficiencies influence our social status
infancy is a critical period for language development
13
A memory trick or technique?
echoic store
flashbulb memory
mnemonic device
spacing effect
14
What are the three intelligences of the Sternberg's triarchy theory?
Analytical, creative, practical
Analytical, specific intelligence, practical
General intelligence, creative, practical
Linguistic, logical, intrapersonal
15
A Morpheme is...
a digraph
a sound
the smallest part of a word that has meaning
2 letters that make one sound
16
Anterograde Amnesia is...?
Inability to retrieve encoded information.
Inability to create new memories after amnesia occurred.
Inability to recall old memories after amnesia occurs.
Damage to Frontal Lobe
17
The Gambler's Fallacy
To say that 'runs' occur to statistically indep. phenomena
to manipulate an emotional response in place of an argument
To a circular argument: the conclusion is in the premise.
to ask sth that can't be answered without looking guilty.
18
Because of the Serial Position Effect...
You will recall information into 7 meaningful chunks.
You will easily remember a list if put into a mnemonic.
You will not remember items at the beginning of the list.
It will be hard to recall items in the middle of a list.
19
Confirmation bias
the inability to look from another perspective, in order to maintain belief
tendency to approach a problem with a method that worked previously
seeking evidence to support an idea, rather than refute it
fast, automatic, unreasoned feelings and thoughts
20
The formula for IQ is
Mental Age / Chronological Age x 100
Chronological Age / Mental Age x 100
100 / Mental Age x Chronological Age
100 / Chronological Age x Mental Age
21
Heritability refers to
% of a oerson's intelligence that is due to environment
%of a person's intelligence due to chance
proportion of variation among individuals attributed 2 genes
correlation of intelligence test scores among family members
22
What is functional fixedness?
a tendency to view objects as only working in a certain way
A tendency to approach situations the same way
Favoring information that confirms your beliefs
presentation of a fact framed from a particular perspective
23
What is the difference between achievement and aptitude tests?
Achievement=what we can learn; Aptitude=what we have learned
Achievement=what we have learned; Aptitude=what we can learn
24
What does the cerebellum do?
Works as filing cabinet to store memories.
processes implicit memories (skills and procedures)
Helps you think or speak.
Largest part of the brain.
25
What is Savant Syndrome?
Score high on intelligence tests and good at multiple things
Score high on intelligence tests and brilliant at everything
Score low on intelligence tests but good at multiple things
Score low on intelligence tests but brilliant with one thing
26
An algorithm is a...
thinking strategy for making quick, efficient, decisions.
best example of a particular category.
method of hypothesis testing involving trial and error.
methodical step-by-step procedure for solving problems.
27
Compare iconic memory to echoic memory.
Iconic: auditory memory; Echoic: visual memory.
Iconic: visual memory; Echoic: auditory memory.
Iconic: long-term memory; Echoic: short-term memory.
Iconic: short-term memory; Echoic: long-term memory.
28
Explicit Long-Term Memory is
false
Go Birds!
Nondeclarative
Declarative
29
Define: Implicit
A joke that lasts throughout a story
To not complete something 100% correctly
To complete a task.
A detail that is not directly stated
30
Priming is...
Recollection of past memories
Activation of particular associations in memory
Measure of memory where you must identify events you know
A part of implicit memory
31
Divergent Thinking
Coming up with one right answer or way to do a task
The act or process of knowing
The use of logic based on what has been experienced
Thinking in a variety of ways to solve problems
32
Playing music from memory depends on ...
procedural
working
Semantic
short term
33
Stereotype threat is...
feeling threatened by stereotypes and racism
people feeling at risk of fitting into negative stereotypes about themself
negative stereotypes about others
feeling threatened by stereotypes and racism
34
Define prototype.
generalizations of an individual
sets of opposing terms
the best example of an image of a particular category
generalizations of an entire group
35
Our ability to recall information better when it is personally relevant is due to
dual processing
self-reference effect
bottom up processing
visual imagery
36
semantic memory
loss of memory for events immediately following a trauma
the power of retaining and recalling past experience
Memory of one's personal experiences
your memory for meanings and general (impersonal) facts
37
Alfred Binet believed that intelligence was...
cognitive abilities
if you could answer all the questions on the test
age-related and focused on mental functions
how well you did in maths
38
The Spacing Effect demonstrates the value of _.
not cramming
studying
cramming
not studying
39
What is most fitted as a mental set?
not studying for a test getting a 90 and never studying again
a doctor seeing similar symptoms but finding a new diagnoses
Yellow is the best color
Christmas
40
Who developed the WAIS and WISC tests?
Alfred Binet
David Weschler
Lewis Terman
Howard Gardner
41
What does a z score of -2 imply?
The point was 2 standard deviations above the mean
The point is directly on the mean
The point was 2 standard deviations below the mean
Z did very poorly on his test.
42
Recall is to _____ as recognition is to _____.
Multiple choice, multiple choice
Multiple choice, essay test
True or false, essay test
Essay test, multiple choice
43
What is retrograde amnesia?
when you're able to remember info, not where you learned it
Memory for anything new becomes impossible
when you can't remember the first few years of life
loss of memory from the point of some injury
44
Max looked at a stat chart, then turned away; when he tried to immediately remember it, he used _____ memory.
echoic
flashbulb
impicit
iconic
45
Define: telegraphic speech
Make sounds
Leave out words, use wrong verb tense, but still get message across
Only use wrong verb tense
Only leave out words
46
An example of an episodic memory is the memory of
the capital of a state
what the music note C sounds like
your high school graduation
how to type
47
What is Context-Dependent Memory?
Memories that depend on your emotions
Memories that come back to you in a specific situation or location
Memories that come back to you whenever someone reminds you of them
The full name for a memory
48
According to Atkinson & Shiffrin, the first step in placing information into memory storage is
Sensory memory
Short-term memory
Rehearsal
The phonological loop
49
According the the Recency Effect...
It will be difficult to recall items at the end of a list
It will be easier to remember items at the top of a list
It will be easy to remember items at the end of the list
It will be difficult to remember items at the beginning
50
Long term potentiation describes
how STM may be processed into long term memories
the strengthening of neural connections due to stimulation
the day to day functioning of the hippocampus
how new long term memories are formed
51
what did howard gardner found?
triarchic theory of intelligence
wechsler / WAIS
iq tests
multiple intelligences

2022 Cognition AP Psychology Flashcards | StudBud