exam 3

A change in allele frequencies over time.

Has a half-life of 5600 years- Used to date relatively young fossils.- Wooley Mammoth

Why are females choosy about who to mate with? Why aren't males choosy?

What are the 2 types of barriers leading to reproductive isolation?

Acts against extreme phenotypes and favors more common intermediate phenotypes. (reduces genetic variation over-time)

Characteristic between two species that are similar but NOT from a common ancestor.- Result of convergent evolution

Evolution over longer periods of time; speciation.

Any trace of an organism that lived in the past.(shells, tracks, poop)

An individual with two DIFFERENT alleles of a gene.

The frequencies of alleles and genotypes in a population's gene pool remain constant over the generations

Adapt to environmental change through genetic diversity ex: antibiotic resistance

Extinct species were succeeded by similar species.

What drives male-male competition? Give examples of male-male competition

All the fossils that have been found and described in the scientific literature.

In the early 19th century, scientists found fossils that didn't look like anything alive in the area...

Struggle to find mates

The sum of all alleles at all gene loci in all individuals in a population.

Increase in rate of extinction due to human influence through habitat destruction, introduced species, exploitive huntin

A type of rock that forms from the buildup of sand and mud deposited at beaches of mouths of rivers.

The observable characteristics based on the genotype.

The genetic constitution based on genes and alleles.

Has a half-life of 4.5 billion years- Used to date rock as old as 570 million years old.

The branch of biology that deals with the geographical distribution of plants and animals.

5 conditions for Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

what is a haploid

Using radiometric dating to age fossils.

Understand the importance of the Galapagos Island to Darwin's theory of Natural Selection.

All the fossils that have been found and described in the scientific literature.

Occurs when natural selection favors similar solutions to the problems posed by a similar way of making a living.

What was not a new idea in Darwin's The Origin of Species and what was the new idea he presented in his book?

Occurs when environmental conditions are such that individuals on both ends of the phenotypic range are favored.

pattern in the fossil record.A fossil species with traits that are intermediate between those of older and younger speci

Agents of microevolutionary change

A reduced or incompletely developed structure that has no function, or reduced function

A similarity in the DNA sequence of genes of different species.

what is a diploid

Earth's crust is made up of plates and the positions of the continents change almost continuously.

Struggle for existence

Caused by a major environmental event.(Dinosaurs)

An allele expressed when paired with a recessive allele.

Similar morphology

Acts against one phenotype in favor of another. (reduces genetic variation over-time)

Wrote The Origin of Species (Darwin)Took a naturalist's position aboard the HMS Beagle (Darwin)

Newly developing embryos of different species with similar traits.

An alternative form of a gene.Example: Either you can roll your tongue, or you can't.

Why doesn't natural selection produce perfect organisms?

What two forces drive sexual selection? Which one is the strongest?

An individual with two copies of the SAME allele.

A unit containing code for a protein molecule or one of its parts (or tRNA/rRNA).(Two alleles for each gene)

A characteristic between two species that are similar because of common descendent.

An allele masked by a dominant allele.