Modalities Midterm Review

generation of heat when another form of energy is changed to heat within body, liek US and diathermy

Which frequency can be used for superficial areas?

The beat frequency in I.F. therapy is what exactly?

The main differences of SWD and ultrasound are that SWD includes:

some contraindications of I.F. therapy are:

more energy absorbed by superficial tissues, less remains to be transmitted to underlying tissues is what?

The stronger the contraction during russian stim, the greater the gain?

intra-cellularly, what does microcurrent therapy effect?

Local responses to cold application include what?

Which is true?

although most interferential therapy uses 4 electrodes, premod uses how many electrodes for treating smaller areas?

Russian stim is beneficial for muscle therapy and is characterized as:

you should reuse the paraffin wax by placing it back in the wax bath to save money

lower ranges of frequency for I.F. therapy like 0 to 10 Hz are used more for?

Durign heat and stretch, the window of opportunity for tissues is characterized by what?

causes primarily thermal effects and used for tissues 5 cm or more deep

the ratio of hot wax to mineral oil in paraffin therapy is:

used for bony prominences

Short wave diathermy has a dipole and eddy currents. How exactly does the dipole work?

how long should heat packs be used for treatment?

Russian stim uses two electrodes and places them where on the patient?

For microcurrent therapy, lower pulse rates are used for ___ and higher pulse rates are used for __.

Methods of heat applications:

Short wave diathermy has a dipole and eddy currents. How exactly does the eddy work?

Diathermy means "through heat"?

The duty cycle of US is also called?

Directly following paraffin wax use, what should you do in the first 3-5 minutes?

Low voltage alternating current (AC) therapy is utilized for?

Attenuation in ultrasound means what?

higher ranges of frequency for I.F. therapy like 80 to 150 Hz are used more for?

double frequency I.F therapy is used for longer lasting pain management. How does it work?

What is an indication to use paraffin therapy?

In most cases, how many sessions of interferential therapy are recommended for patient improvement?

a microcurrent therapy system called Four Step Treatment used for self-healing tissue. What is step three?

transfer of heat by passage of a fluid past its surface like whirlpool and fluidtherapy

Mechanical effects of US include cavitation of an area or joint?

In immersion of water with the US, the soundhead is held directly on the skin?

Herve block I.F. therapy is characterized as what?

Cryotherapy is very effective within what timeframe of injury/edema/pain?

a microcurrent therapy system called Four Step Treatment used for self-healing tissue. What is step four?

Where should you never apply cold therapy?

I.F. immersion therapy places all four electrodes at the corners of a water bath, what conditions are good for this?

the higher the intensity of US...

A general rule of SWD is that:

contraindications of using heat

moist heat transfers heat to the patient via?

analgesia, the absence of pain is obtained how long after cold application?

What is the purpose of the mineral oil in paraffin therapy?

Types of heat include superficial and deep. Superficial examples include:

a microcurrent therapy system called Four Step Treatment used for self-healing tissue. What is step two?

general objectives of using interferential therapy are:

filled with antifreeze or alcohol substance, MUST put a towel between patient and and it for risk of frost bite

what is the order that the skin draws heat from in cryotherapy?

Types of heat include superficial and deep. Deep examples include:

The intensity of US is also called?

There are 4 dosage levels to SWD, the 4th level (heavy) should feel how?

For low voltage AC therapy, tetanize mode to used for?

The size of the treatment area for US should be?

Interferential therapy is called that because why?

the most common coupling medium for US is:

tissues high in _____ like tendons, muscles, ligaments, and joint capsules can be treated with ultrasound?

The frequency of US is also called?

There are three frequencies to short wave diathermy, what is the most common?

What precautions should you take in regard to short wave diathermy?

Which frequency can be used for deep areas?

what is the temperature range of cryotherapy?

causes primarily nonthermal effects, decreases temporal average intensity reducing thermal effects

Affordable, effective, easily available. goes through phase change during use

effective technique in treatment of myofascial trigger points, indicated when stretching of an injury is desired

For low voltage AC therapy, surge mode to used for?

High voltage therapy is characterized as:

Biphasic stimulation is similar to Russian Stim, except for what?

ESTIM devices are classified in what ways?

The primary therapeutic effect of superficial heating is to increase what?

Ultrasound penetrates tissue high in __, and absorbed in tissue high in ___.

therapeutuc ultrasound uses what kind of energy for treatment?

in low voltage therapy, the frequency increases and muscle contractions follow along. What happens as it increases?

a microcurrent therapy system called Four Step Treatment used for self-healing tissue. What is step one?

how long does a moist heat pack need to be submerged in water to regain correct temperature?

The frequency refers to what part of the US?

Cold application does what to a cell's metabolism?

For interferential therapy, acute conditions require what range of frequency?

For low voltage AC therapy, pulse mode to used for?

Why can we use heat for therapy?

transfer of energy in wave forms or particles, substances with temperature above zero

an ultrasound machine contains a generator, transducer, and crystals. the transducer contains what?

Greatest eddy current activity occurs in tissues high in conductivity like what?

Some cold related injuries can arise due to?

For interferential therapy, chronic conditions require what range of frequency?

does not cool tissue enough or long enough, last resort, may cause severe burns

Phonophoresis is used in US to increase membrane permeability, what is the ratio of gel to biofreeze used?

most commonly used type of heat:

Some indications for treatment with SWD include:

Contraindications to SWD include: