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PSY 101 Chapter 7 exam review Flashcards | StudBud
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PSY 101 Chapter 7 exam review
what is elaboration?
what is anterograde amnesia?
PSY 101 Chapter 7 exam review
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1
what is anterograde amnesia?
loss of memories for events that occurred prior to a head injury
loss of memories for events that occur after a head injury
all of the above
people forget when info is not properly encoded
2
what is elaboration?
memory is enahnced by forming coinciding semantic and visual codes
creating visual images to represent words to be remembered
linking new infor to prior knowledge at the time of encoding
mainting encoded information in memory over time
3
who is H.M?
loss of memories for events that occur after a head injury
he has surgeries to relieve sever epileptic seizures, removed his hippocamp
none of the above
people forget when info is not properly encoded
4
what is recognition measure?
the proportion of material retained
requires one to reproduce info on their own without any cues
requires one to select previously learned info from an array of options
requires one to memorize info a second time to determine if they learned it
5
what is recall measure?
requires one to reproduce info on their own without any cues
requires one to memorize info a second time to determine if they learned it
the proportion of material retained
requires one to select previously learned info from an array of options
6
what is retrieval?
maintaining encoded info in memory over time
forming a memory code (word or picture) processing the info
recovering info from memory store
the mental process involved in encoding, storing, and retrieving info
7
what is structural encoding?
sounds
physical structure or what the word looks like
meaning
involves focused awareness on a narrow range of stimuli or events
8
What is working memory capacity (WMC) do?
temporary storage and manipulating info
an individuals ability to hold and manipulate info in conscious attention
grouping stimuli into meaningful chunks
none of the above.
9
what is schema?
not grouping similar items
classification system based on common properties amount items
a cluster of knowledge about an object or event from a previous experience
grouping similar items
10
what is encoding?
the mental process involved in encoding, storing, and retrieving info.
maintaining encoded info in memory over time
recovering info from memory store
forming a memory code (word or picture) processing the info
11
what does reconstructing memories mean?
our memories are not reproductive but are reconstructive
requires one to reproduce info on their own without any cues
when participant recall of an event they witnessed is changed by misleading
the proportion of material retained
12
what is decay theory?
forgetting occurs because memory traces fase with time
forgetting may be due to breakdowns in the process of retrieval
old info interferes with retenation of new info
people forget when info is not properly encoded
13
what does working memory mean?
limited-captaincy store that can maintain unrehearsed info for about 20 sec
remembering every word
all of the above.
temporary storage and manipulation of info
14
what is visual imagery?
mainting encoded information in memory over time
linking new infor to prior knowledge at the time of encoding
creating visual images to represent words to be remembered
memory is enahnced by forming coinciding semantic and visual codes
15
what does tip-of-the-tongue-phenomenon mean?
a type of retrieval cue associated with an original experience to help know
our ability to recover info stored in long-term memory
the temporary inability to remember something you know, bc its out of reach
consists of nodes representing concepts joined tg by pathways that link
16
what does declarative memory mean?
it handles factual info
involves remembering events from the past or previously learned info
involves remembering to preform actions in the future
holds memory for actions, skills, conditioned response and emotional memory
17
what is dual-encoding theory?
creating visual images to represent words to be remembered
linking new infor to prior knowledge at the time of encoding
mainting encoded information in memory over time
memory is enahnced by forming coinciding semantic and visual codes
18
what is retention?
requires one to reproduce info on their own without any cues
the proportion of material retained
requires one to memorize info a second time to determine if they learned it
requires one to select previously learned info from an array of options
19
what is a semantic network?
a type of retrieval cue associated with an original experience to help know
our ability to recover info stored in long-term memory
the temporary inability to remember something you know
consists of nodes representing concepts joined tg by pathways that link
20
what is ineffective encoding?
forgetting occurs because memory traces fase with time
old info interferes with retenation of new info
forgetting may be due to breakdowns in the process of retrieval
people forget when info is not properly encoded
21
what is the most important level of processing?
intermediate processing/phonemic
shallow processing/structural
beginning processing
deep processing/ semantic
22
what is retrograde amnesia?
people forget when info is not properly encoded
loss of memories for events that occur after a head injury
loss of memories for events that occurred prior to a head injury
old info interferes with retenation of new info
23
when encoding you do what to make sure that information gets into your memory?
phonemic encoding
Attention
Sematic Encoding
structural encoding
24
What is clustering?
all of the above
grouping similar items
not grouping similar items
none of the above
25
what does retrospective memory mean?
involves remembering events from the past or previously learned info
involves remembering to preform actions in the future
holds memory for actions, skills, conditioned response and emotional memory
it handles factual info
26
what causes short term memory?
Decay and interference
being able to recall different memories
remembering every word
not being able to remember a persons name
27
what does non-declarative memory mean?
it handles factual info
involves remembering to preform actions in the future
holds memory for actions, skills, conditioned response and emotional memory
involves remembering events from the past or previously learned info
28
what is retrieval failure?
people forget when info is not properly encoded
forgetting occurs because memory traces fase with time
forgetting may be due to breakdowns in the process of retrieval
old info interferes with retenation of new info
29
what does practice interference mean?
old info interferes with retenation of new info
none of the above
people forget when info is not properly encoded
new info impatiens the retention of old info
30
what is semantic encoding?
involves focused awareness on a narrow range of stimuli or events
physical structure or what the word looks like
meaning
sounds
31
what is long-term memory? (LTM)
Unlimited capacity store that can hold info over lengthy periods of time
involves remembering events from the past or previously learned info
handles factual info
holds memory for actions, skills, conditioned responses, emotional memories
32
what does relearning measure mean?
requires one to memorize info a second time to determine if they learned it
requires one to reproduce info on their own without any cues
requires one to select previously learned info from an array of options
the proportion of material retained
33
what is contextual cues?
a type of retrieval cue associated with an original experience to help know
the temporary inability to remember something you know, bc its out of reach
our ability to recover info stored in long-term memory
consists of nodes representing concepts joined tg by pathways that link
34
what does misinformation effect mean?
the proportion of material retained
requires one to reproduce info on their own without any cues
our memories are not reproductive but are reconstructive
when participant recall of an event they witnessed is changed by misleading
35
what is short-term memory?
grouping stimuli into meaningful chunks
repeatedly verbalizing or thinking about infomation
limited-capacity store that can maintain unrehearsed info for about 20 sec
temporary storage and manipulation of info
36
what does prospective memory mean?
it handles factual info
involves remembering events from the past or previously learned info
holds memory for actions, skills, conditioned response and emotional memory
involves remembering to preform actions in the future
37
what is chunking?
repeatedly verbalizing or thinking about info
grouping stimuli into meaningful chunks
limited-captaincy store that can maintain unrehearsed info for about 20 sec
temporary storage and manipulation of info
38
what is retroactive interference?
none of the above
old info interferes with retenation of new info
new info impatiens the retention of old info
people forget when info is not properly encoded
39
what is phonemic encoding?
sounds
involves focused awareness on a narrow range of stimuli or events
physical structure or what the word looks like
meaning
40
who created the idea of working memory?
B.F. Skinner
William James
Alan Baddeley
none of the above.
41
What are the two types of memory?
all the above
Declarative memory and nondelclartive memory
retrospective memory and prospective memory
none of the above
42
what does rehearsal mean?
temporary storage and manipulation of info
repeatedly verbalizing or thinking about info
limited-captaincy store that can maintain unrehearsed info for about 20 sec
grouping stimuli into meaningful chunks
43
What is sensory memory and what does it do?
mainting encoded information in memory over time
memory is enahnced by forming coinciding semantic and visual codes
linking new infor to prior knowledge at the time of encoding
preserves info in its original sensory form for a brief time
44
we used to store about 7+2 in our short-term memory but now the number is…
7 + or - 2
8 + or - 2
none of the above.
4 + or - 1
45
what is memory?
recovering info from memory store
maintaining encoded info in memory over time
forming a memory code (word or picture) processing the info
the mental process involved in encoding, storing, and retrieving info.
46
what is conceptual hierarchy?
classification system based on common properties among items
and organized cluster of knowledge about a particular object or event
groups similar items
not grouping similar items
47
what is storage?
the mental process involved in encoding, storing, and retrieving info
recovering info from memory store
maintaining encoded info in memory over time
forming a memory code (word or picture) processing the info
