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Unit 3 Brain and Biology
Unit 3 Brain and Biology
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AP Psychology Unit 3 Brain and Biology Review Questions #appsychology #brainandbiology #unit3
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1
A brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron is called the..
refractory period
agonist
action potential
synapse
2
An axon is
a cell that's the basic building block of the nervous system
a layer of fatty tissue around neurons
part of the neuron that carries the message from the soma
a junction btwn a sending and receiving neuron
3
Damage to left cerebral hemisphere is most likely to reduce people's ability to
speak fluently
recognize faces
recognize familiar melodies
copy drawings
4
The medulla is to the control of ______ as the cerebellum is to the control of ______.
breathing, walking
memory, attention
emotion, motivation
eating, sleeping
5
When the release of ACh is blocked, the result is
aggression
depression
muscular paralysis
schizophrenia
6
An all or none response pattern is characteristic of the
excitation of the antagonistic hormonal system
release of hormones into the bloodstream
activation of the parasympathetic or sympathetic systems
initiation of neural impulses
7
An undersupply of serotonin is most closely linked to
Parkinson's disease
depression
Alzheimer's disease
schizophrenia
8
The concentration of glucose in active regions of the brain underlies the usefulness of a(n)
MRI
PET scan
fMRI
hemispherectomy
9
Thinking about a move will activate brain cells and move a robotic arm. This is called..
neural prosthetics
neurogenesis
hemispheric specialization
constraint-induced therapy
10
Personalities of adopted children are very similar to personalities of their adoptive parents
true
false
11
The best way to detect enlarged fluid-filled brain regions in patients is to use a(n)
PET scan
brain lesion
CT
MRI
12
Severing a cat's reticular formation causes it to
become aggressive
experience seizures
lapse into a coma
cower in fear
13
Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into
the terminal knobs
the synapse
the bloodstream
the synaptic gaps
14
Motor neurons are an important part of the
limbic system
reticular formation
motor cortex
PNS
15
The sequence of brain regions from the evolutionarily oldest to newest...
limbic system, cerebral cortex, brainstem
brainstem, limbic system, cerebral cortex
brainstem, cerebral cortex, limbic system
limbic system, brainstem, cerebral cortex
16
Which would be used to identify which specific area is most active during a mental task?
fMRI
CT
MRI
PET
17
The depolarization of a neural membrane can create a(n)
lesion
action potential
hemorrhage
neural network
18
For you to be able to run, ____ must relay messages fro your CNS to your leg muscles.
interneurons
the ANS
motor neurons
agonists
19
Neurotransmitters are released from vessicles located on knoblike terminals at the end of the
axon
dendrites
synapse
cell body
20
Olds and Milner located reward centers in the brain structure known as the
amygdala
medulla
sensory cortex
hypothalamus
21
The tremors of Parkinson's result from the death of nerve cells that produce
serotonin
dopamine
ACh
GABA
22
A segment of DNA capable of synthesizing a specific protein is called a
gene
hormone
neurotransmitter
chromosome
23
The localization of a function such as speech production to the right or left side of the brain
lateralization
plasticity
neural networking
hemispherectomy
24
Threadlike structures that contain genes
DNA
neurons
chromosomes
nuclei
25
Which term reflects the idea that much of our thinking and acting is outside our awareness
serial processing
dual processing
cognitive neuroscience
selective attention
26
The occipital lobes are to ______ as the temporal lobes are to ______.
hearing, sensing movement
seeing, sensing touch
speaking, hearing
seeing, hearing
27
When new neurons are formed
lateralization
plasticity
neurogenesis
reuptake
28
Nerve cells in the brain receive life supporting nutrients from
sensory neurons
hormones
motor neurons
glial cells
29
Neural networks refer to
junctions between sending and receiving neruons
interconnected clusters of neurons in the CNS
the branching extensions of a neuron
neural cables containing many axons
30
Surgical destruction of brain tissue
lobotomy
MRI
lesion
phrenology
31
The somatic nervous system is a component of the _____ nervous system.
central
sympathetic
autonomic
peripheral
32
Which of the following are located exclusively within the brain and spinal cord?
axons
motor neurons
sensory neurons
interneurons
33
Your ability to experience physical sensations is most likely to be disrupted by damage to your
thalamus
corpus callosum
amygdala
hippocampus
34
The reticular formation is located in the
limbic system
cerebellum
motor cortex
brainstem
35
The speed at which a neural impulse travels is increased by...
endocrine glands
sympathetic nerve
synaptic vesicle
myelin sheath
36
Which lobe receives the input that enables you to feel someone scratching your back?
occipital
temporal
parietal
frontal
37
Migraine headaches are most closely linked with an
undersupply of ACh
undersupply of serotonin
oversupply of GABA
oversupply of glutamate
38
The complete set of genetic instructions in an organism's chromosomes is called the
zygote
heritability index
genome
DNA molecule
39
Botulin blocks the effects of ACh in synapses, this makes it a(n)
endocrine
antagonist
endorphin
agonist
40
The association areas are located in the
brainstem
thalamus
cerebral cortex
limbic system
41
When a person damages a part of their brain & other parts compensate for the loss
plasticity
lateralization
aphasia
neurotomy
42
Gage's accident showed that this region of the brain plays a role in personality & behavior
parietal lobes
temporal lobes
frontal lobes
sensory cortex
43
The function of dendrites is to
release neurotransmitters into the synapse
hold neurotransmitters until needed
receive messages from other neurons
send messages to the axon
44
Also called the "little brain"
corpus callosum
cerebellum
limbic system
cerebrum
45
The knee jerk reflex is controlled by interneurons in the
resting potential
endocrine system
spinal cord
neurotransmitters
46
Opiate drugs occupy the same receptor sites as
serotonin
endorphins
dopamine
ACh
47
This area controls voluntary movements
reticular formation
frontal association area
hypothalamus
motor cortex
48
Type of psych that investigates the links btwn biological activity & our thinking & behaviors
psychoanalyst
psychiatrist
cognitive psychologist
biological psychologist
49
Nature refers to _____ and nurture refers to ______
chromosomes, genetics
genes, heredity
biology, environment
DNA, hormones
50
Identical twins separated at birth would most likely have similar
religious beliefs
personality
food preferences
political ideas
51
If you stimulate the ____ in a rat, it will become violently aggressive.
amygdala
thalamus
reticular formation
medulla
52
Which brain area is primarily involved with controlling speech?
motor cortex
Broca's area
Wernicke's area
sensory cortex
53
Msgs are transmitted from your spinal cord to your digestive system's stomach muscles by the
somatic nervous system
sympathetic nervous system
CNS
endocrine system
54
Dendrites are branching extensions of...
neurons
neurotransmitters
myelin
endorphins
55
Neurosurgeons have severed the corpus callosum in human patients in order to reduce
epileptic seizures
aphasia
schizophrenia
depression
56
Molecules that bind to receptor sites on a dendrite and mimic that neurotransmitter's effects
agonists
action potentials
antagonists
endorphins
57
Bumps on a skull reveal a person's abilities and personality characteristics.
introspection
psychology
phrenology
ablation
58
Addictive drug cravings are likely to be associated with reward centers in the
reticular formation
limbic system
thalamus
cerebellum
59
The thin surface layer of interconnected neural cells that covers the cerebrum is called the
cerebral cortex
corpus callosum
sensory cortex
cerebellum
60
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are released by the
adrenal glands
thyroid gland
pancreas
parathyroids
61
Sleep researchers interested in brain wave activity would most likely use a(n)
EEG
EKG
CT
fMRI
62
Brain structure that provides a major link between the nervous system and endocrine system
medulla
cerebellum
hypothalamus
amygdala
63
This plays a role in the processing of new memories
hippocampus
medulla
amygdala
cerebellium
64
Which endocrine gland regulates body growth?
pituitary
thyroid
parathyroid
adrenal
65
Showing split brain patients HE in left visual field, ART in right what will they say they saw?
nothing
HEART
HE
ART
66
This system slows your heart rate down and speeds up digestion
limbic system
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
somatic nervous system
