What is a point estimate?

A single best guess for a population parameter

What is the alpha (α) level in hypothesis testing?

The probability of making a Type I error

What does the null hypothesis (H₀) assume?

There is no effect or difference

A confidence interval provides:

A range of likely values for a population parameter

When should a z-test be used?

When the population standard deviation (σ) is known and N ≥ 30

What is the primary purpose of descriptive statistics?

Summarize and describe characteristics of a dataset

What does inferential statistics help accomplish?

Make generalizations about a larger population

How does the t-test differ from the z-test?

The t-test is used when the population standard deviation (σ) is unknown

What does a 95% confidence interval mean?

95% of repeated samples would produce an interval containing the true mean

What is the relationship between power and Type II error?

Increasing power decreases the probability of a Type II error

What is a Type I error?

Rejecting a true null hypothesis

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EPH601-Week 6

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Questions 15

Answers

1
What is a point estimate?
A statistical test comparing two means
A method for data visualization
A range of possible values for a population parameter
A single best guess for a population parameter
2
What is the degrees of freedom (df) for a one-sample t-test?
N - 1
N
N + 1
It does not apply to a t-test
3
What happens if the p-value is less than α?
Redo the hypothesis test
Increase the confidence level
Reject the null hypothesis
Fail to reject the null hypothesis
4
What is the alpha (α) level in hypothesis testing?
The probability of making a Type I error
The test statistic in a t-test
The standard deviation of the sample
The probability of making a Type II error
5
Which of the following is a point estimate?
Sample mean (𝑥̄)
Confidence interval
Margin of error
Population standard deviation (σ)
6
What does the null hypothesis (H₀) assume?
The confidence interval contains the true mean
There is a significant effect or difference
The sample mean is larger than the population mean
There is no effect or difference
7
A confidence interval provides:
A single value for a population parameter
A method to summarize sample statistics
A range of likely values for a population parameter
A way to display data graphically
8
When should a z-test be used?
When testing non-normally distributed data
When comparing two sample means
When the population standard deviation (σ) is known and N ≥ 30
When the population standard deviation (σ) is unknown
9
What increases the statistical power of a test?
Ignoring the effect size
Decreasing alpha (α)
Larger sample sizes
Smaller sample sizes
10
What is the primary purpose of descriptive statistics?
Estimate a population parameter
Summarize and describe characteristics of a dataset
Test hypotheses
Make predictions about a population
11
What does inferential statistics help accomplish?
Make generalizations about a larger population
Describe sample characteristics
Display numerical data graphically
Organize data into tables
12
How does the t-test differ from the z-test?
The t-test requires a known population standard deviation
The t-test is used when the population standard deviation (σ) is unknown
The z-test is only for non-normal distributions
The t-test only works for large sample sizes
13
What does a 95% confidence interval mean?
The population mean is exactly at the center of the interval
95% of repeated samples would produce an interval containing the true mean
The interval contains the true population mean 100% of the time
The sample mean is always within the interval
14
What is the relationship between power and Type II error?
Increasing power increases Type II errors
Decreasing power makes tests more reliable
Increasing power decreases the probability of a Type II error
Power and Type II error are unrelated
15
What is a Type I error?
Using the wrong statistical test
Rejecting a true null hypothesis
Misinterpreting confidence intervals
Failing to reject a false null hypothesis

EPH601-Week 6 Flashcards | StudBud