In Hinduism and in Buddhism, respectively, the single force governing the universe was called

Brahman and the Great World Soul.

Why do some philosophers consider Buddhism to be a philosophy rather than a religion?

Followers do not worship the Buddha as a deity.

Reincarnation is the Hindu

belief that the individual soul is reborn in a different form.

In Hinduism, the main gods—Brahma the Creator, Vishnu the Preserver, and Shiva the Destroyer—are regarded as

different expressions of one ultimate reality.

The social structure of the caste system in India

evolved from the Aryan division of people into four varnas.

The ideas of Aryan settlers in ancient India helped to form

Hindu beliefs and the caste system.

Buddhists believe that it is possible to reach enlightenment by

following the Middle Path, known as the Eightfold Path.

The Buddha believed that suffering is caused by

attachment to the things of this world.

It has been proposed that belief in the Hindu gods and goddesses developed

concrete beings to worship to supplement the abstract belief in a single

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Ancient India (WH2020)

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Answers

1
In Hinduism and in Buddhism, respectively, the single force governing the universe was called
karma and bodhi.
Vishnu and the Eightfold Path.
Brahman and the Great World Soul.
Veda and nirvana.
2
Why do some philosophers consider Buddhism to be a philosophy rather than a religion?
There are no rituals in the Buddhist tradition.
Buddhism never spread among peasants but rather was practiced by elites.
Followers do not worship the Buddha as a deity.
Too many rulers outlawed Buddhism for it to be considered a major religion.
3
Reincarnation is the Hindu
belief that the individual soul is reborn in a different form.
method of training that is supposed to lead to oneness with Brahman.
of a woman is superior.
must worship the leader as a god.
4
In Hinduism, the main gods—Brahma the Creator, Vishnu the Preserver, and Shiva the Destroyer—are regarded as
different expressions of one ultimate reality.
in control of karma, dharma, and the caste system, respectively.
related to one another as family.
evil, to be worshiped out of fear.
5
Which Hindu religious poem describes reincarnation and tells the stories of the gods?
Bhagavad Gita
Bodhi
Arjuna
Vaisyas
6
Which Aryan varna, or social group, was considered the highest and purest?
Vaisyas—merchants and farmers
Kshatriyas—warriors
Sudras—peasants and servants
Brahmins—priests
7
Invaders from Persia brought an end to the ____ Empire in the third century A.D. In its place, the ____ Empire sprang up
Kushān; Gupta
Mauryan; Kushān
Gupta; Mauryan
Mauryan; Gupta
8
Ancient Indians excelled in the science of
astronomy
chemistry
biology
physics
9
The golden age of Indian culture occurred under the
Aryan Empire.
Mauryan Empire.
Kushan Empire.
Gupta Empire.
10
Aśoka accomplished which of the following?
He set up hospitals.
He defeated the armies of Alexander the Great.
He built an extensive system of irrigation and canals.
He built many Hindu temples to multiple gods.
11
The social structure of the caste system in India
was imposed on the Indian people by Persian invaders.
evolved from the Aryan division of people into four varnas.
had its roots in the Harappan civilization.
was an outgrowth of Buddhism’s Eightfold Path.
12
Which of the following claims that a single force governs the universe?
Buddhism
both Hinduism and Buddhism
neither Hinduism nor Buddhism
Hinduism
13
Which empire traded with China, Southeast Asia, and the Mediterranean?
the Mauryan Dynasty
the Aryan Empire
the Persian Kingdom
the Gupta Empire
14
What concept accounted for someone’s standing in life?
yoga
Veda
meditation
karma
15
The ideas of Aryan settlers in ancient India helped to form
mummification practices and the route of the Silk Road.
the writing system and irrigation technologies.
the monetary currency and warrior codes.
Hindu beliefs and the caste system.
16
The people who spread over northern India as far as the central Ganges Valley
Persians
Kushans
Guptas
Arabs
17
Buddhists believe that it is possible to reach enlightenment by
practicing self-denial.
worshipping the gods.
following the Middle Path, known as the Eightfold Path.
rejecting the concept of reincarnation.
18
Gupta rulers earned large profits from
fishing
literary works
religious trade
agriculture
19
The Buddha believed that suffering is caused by
not living according to the will and laws of God.
spending money foolishly.
attachment to the things of this world.
demons.
20
It has been proposed that belief in the Hindu gods and goddesses developed
concrete beings to worship to supplement the abstract belief in a single
in the span of a few short years.
in Mesopotamia and was carried to India by travelers.
by artists who sought an outlet for creating innovative works in scripture

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