unit 5 Earths systems and materials test

The role of convection in the atmosphere is the exchange of heat and particles between the surface and the atmosphere.

Transform plate boundaries happen in areas where tectonic plates ____________________. 

Trenches are long and narrow depressions that form when continental plates subduct beneath the continental plates

It is an irregularly shaped huge slab of solid rock that is moving in different directions.

In seafloor spreading theory, the outermost layer of the Earth is broken into a large, irregularly shaped slab of rock.

Hot and semi-liquid rock found beneath the Earth’s surface

Which is responsible for mountain building, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and the formation of continents and oceans?

The Himalayas Mountain Ranges are an example of landmasses formed when two continental plates separate.

______________ is the size of the earthquake and the amount of energy released at the source of the earthquake.

Which of the following is the result of the movement and interaction of the tectonic plates? 

Which process caused the eruption of water trapped inside minerals with lava? 

This is an opening in the Earth’s surface where volcanic materials escape

Which layer is responsible for the earth’s magnetic field? 

Which of the following statements describe continental drift theory? 

The heat from the radioactive decay of elements deep in the interior of the earth creates magma in the ______________. 

Convection current in molten rock or _____________causes the tectonic plate to move.

Ocean crust disappear into ______ at subduction zones, re-incorporated back into asthenosphere. 

Which of the following is the thickest layer of the Earth?  

Which of the Earth’s layers is thinnest and amounts only to 1 percent of the Earth’s total mass? 

In 1912, Harry Hess wrote articles about the concept of continental drift.

According to Wegener, which continents could fit together like puzzle pieces? 

__________ on the other hand measures the level of damage an earthquake has caused and the degree of shaking

Divergent plate boundaries happen in areas where tectonic plates ____________________. 

Where do the interaction and movement of the tectonic plates happen? 

Which layer is made up of mainly igneous rock like granite? 

Conduction is the transfer of energy through empty space, there is no direct contact between a heat source and object.

According to Alfred Wegener, what causes the movement or drifting of continents toward and apart from each other? 

The Earth’s surface is rich in sedimentary rocks, formed by the cooling of magma, like granite and basal

Which of the following supports Wegener’s fossil evidence?

Convergent plate boundaries happen in areas where tectonic plates ____________________. 

________ is the transfer of heat due to the movement of fluid from high temperature to low temperature.

___________are cracks in the Earth’s crust between two massive plates. 

In oceanic-continent convergence, the oceanic plate subducts since it is denser than the continental plate.

Which among the following consist of seas ocean and other bodies of water? 

Which layer is made up of solid iron and nickel? 

___ travel through the Earth at the greatest speed. These waves are the first ones to be recorded by a seismograph.

Which of the following is the most stable and oldest part of the continental crust? 

Huge ___ currents in the asthenosphere, where less dense magma breaks apart the plates at spreading centers.

Which of the following plays a huge role in the formation and destruction of the materials on the Earth’s crust? 

The lowest point on Earth is the Puerto Rico Trench

The layers of the Earth in order from surface down to center are:

An underground pipe or passage where magma travels through

A supercontinent that joined the Earth’s landmasses and broke apart about 200 million years ago.

This is magma that has reached the Earth’s surface when a volcano erupts. It solidifies when it cools.

The mid-oceanic ridges are areas in the ocean floor formed from volcanic eruptions along the cracks in the ocean floor.

Which of the following happens when two plates slide past each other in different directions? 

Directly above the focus is the ___________, where the strongest shaking of the ground is most felt

The mouth of a volcano. A steep-walled depression at the peak of a volcano.

What do researchers use to collect information on ocean floors?

idea of a supercontinent that broke into pieces and move away from each other 200 million years ago, led to ___