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AP World History - Chapter 13 through 16 Flashcards | StudBud
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AP World History - Chapter 13 through 16
AP World History - Chapter 13 through 16
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AP World History Chapter 13-16
Flashcards
40 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
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Answers
1
The major barrier to west European expansion prior to the 15th century was
the low level of European technology
lack of interest by W.Europeans for acquiring territory
religious civil wars that divided W.Europe
the overwhelming power of Muslim and Mongol states
2
The pattern for relations between China & its neighbors during the postclassical period was
accept Chinese superiority & pay tribute but be independent
incorporation states as providences in the Chinese empire
to form equal alliances as partners against nomadic invaders
military occupation by the Chinese armies
3
Which is a NOT a pastoral nomadic group from the central Asian steppe:
Turks
Indo-Europeans
Hsiung-nu (Huns)
Bantu
4
As the power of Heian emperors declined
civil war broke out between branches of the imperial family
Chinese trained officials assumed control of the government
China conquered Japan
local nobles grabbed land, reduced the peasants to serfdom
5
Russia’s defeat by the Mongols
led to 250 years of Mongol dominance
left Poland and Sweden the dominant powers in eastern Europe
avoided by the willingness of Russian princes to pay tribute
had little effect on Russian development
6
All of these were examples of Columbian Exchange EXCEPT:
domesticated animals spread to the Americas
the spread of smallpox and measles in the Americas
Muslim/Chinese merchants came to monopolize Atlantic trade
New World crops such as corn/potatoes spread around world
7
In comparison to the fall of the Roman Empire, changes in the Arab caliphate
occurred gradually over several centuries
had a few repercussions on its inhabitants
were not due to outside invasions by pastoral nomads
produced economic/political confusion in the Middle East
8
In comparison to Spain and Portugal, the northern European states and their expeditions
were more motivated by religion than Portugal or Spain
began earlier, but conquered fewer lands
began later & acquired only limited holdings outside Europe
were more successful
9
The only indigenous aspect of Japanese culture during the Heian era was
Shinto
written characters
the imperial administration
Mahayana Buddhism
10
The Dutch, French, and English colonies on the North American continent
remained largely unsettled and unclaimed
received few colonists
attracted little attention because they were so vast
at first not as profitable as colonies in W&E Indies
11
In Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, the class that most welcomed Chinese influence and culture was
the court bureaucrats (scholar-gentry)
peasants
the merchants
the local aristocrats
12
The first European colonial estates
were set up to alleviate overpopulation at home
were set up to export foodstuffs back to Europe
were unsuccessful and failed
were set up to produce cash crops to supply European markets
13
One problem facing historians who study the Mongols is
inability to translate the Mongolian language/literature
the bias. written by those defeated by the Mongols
lack of primary sources
the Mongols did not leave any written records
14
All of these influenced Europe to expand EXCEPT:
desire for gold and monetary gain
fear of the states and peoples Europe might encounter
hope for personal glory by explorers and conquerors
rivalries with other European states to acquire new lands
15
What weakened the power/influence of pastoral nomads over sedentary civilization?
the devastation of nomadic populations by the Black Death
settling farmers on the traditional lands of the nomads
increased centralization of sedentary governments
the introduction of better-organized sedentary states
16
When the Mongols divided their empire, which area did NOT become one of their Khanates
East Asia
central Asia
India
Iran and Mesopotamia
17
During the Early Modern Era, the world economy and trade
was dominated by Muslim merchants
didn't include areas such as China/Japan/many Muslim regions
relied heavily on the slave trade to generated profits
spread/linked all countries and continents except Antarctic
18
The group during the postclassical era to challenged Chinese influences in Japan/Vietnam
aristocrats and local provincial administrators
Buddhist monks and priests
the emperor
the merchants
19
Mongol policies in Russia
weakened Christianity/Russia & allowed Islam to spread
led to the rise of serfdom
left Moscow and Kiev weak and unimportant
led to the rise of Novgorod as the chief Russian town
20
The greatest long-term impact of the Mongol unification of much of central Eurasia was the
conversion of Mongols to Christianity
spread the Black Death from China to Europe & Muslim world
facilitation of trade
introduction of new technologies
21
The Renaissance in Europe
was a political revolution against the power of the pope
avoided challenging medieval values
was largely a cultural and intellectual movement
rejected medieval values
22
During the Early Modern Period in world history, laborers were
mostly skilled
largely coerced in their work, and often deprived of liberty
moved to where there was a demand for their work
generally paid a fair wage but worked long hours
23
The influence of Chinese culture in Korea produced all of the following EXCEPT:
a greater flow of goods between China and Korea
unified resistance from the three kingdoms
Chinese forms of Buddhism
legal reform
24
Looking at the history of Vietnam, what should the French/U.S. have learned?
Vietnam’s war of independence lasted 1,000 years
Vietnam had conquered and ruled its neighbors
Vietnamese literature/art mocked foreign influences
Vietnam kept its culture despite centuries of Chinese rule
25
The main reason European were able to sail/explore, and the Ming Chinese fleets failed was
European nations were wealthier than the Chinese
Europeans had superior military technologies
Europe encountered no opposition, while the Chinese did
European gov. supported expeditions, the Ming did not
26
The postclassical era is marked by the fall in 1453 of what medieval state?
Kievan Rus
the Byzantine Empire
Abbasid Caliphate
the Song China
27
All of these events led to the weakening/end of medieval western European institutions EXCEPT:
the Bubonic Plague
political/theological attacks on the Roman Catholic church
the rise of national monarchies
the Ottoman Turk invasion of western Europe
28
What changed in Islam and ended the postclassical age with the beginning of a new era?
the secularization of Islamic society began
Islamic piety won out over rationalism and began a new era
Mass conversions of Muslims to Christianity began
Islamic lands fell to Hindu conquerors
29
The role of the Arab caliphate in international exchange was
restored by the Ming Dynasty in China
further disrupted by the rise of the Mongols
restored by the rise of the Ottoman Empire
Restored when W.European nations emerged as great powers
30
Although the Mongols were often brutal, they were
tolerant of religious differences and encourage trade
unwilling to destroy art works and buildings
no more violent than Europeans/Muslims/Chinese of the day
devoted to nonviolence
31
Geography, environment, and movement in Vietnam
have increasingly isolated Vietnam from its neighbors
successfully fostered the growth of a uniform culture
have made Chinese influence in Vietnam inevitable
divided the nation into two cultural divisions, north/south
32
After their independence from China, the Vietnamese
slavishly copied Chinese culture and ruling styles
conquered the area between the Mekong River/South China Sea
were conquered by the Khmersand Thais
degenerated into constantly feuding clans and villages
33
Kubilai Khan’s major concern in governing China was
creating integrated Chinese and military units
the conversion of the Chinese to Islam
educating Mongol leaders/elites in Chinese Confucian culture
to avoid the Mongols being assimilated by Chinese culture
34
In Africa during the Early Modern Period, Europeans
negotiated with African leaders who controlled slave trade
settled widely in West Africa
controlled the slave trade
exported gold and raw materials
35
In order to facilitate colonization/settlement/exploration, the British, French, and Dutch
relied on missionaries to establish markets and colonies
paid mercenaries to conquer desired lands
negotiated with peoples/states to peacefully acquire land
charted companies & created monopolies in given regions
36
Local Vietnamese officials identified most with the interests of
the imperial court and high administrators
Confucian scholar officials
Hindu rulers
the peasants and local village culture
37
The Mongol assault on the Middle East
strengthened Muslim armies to effectively resist the Mongols
Mongols converted to Nestorian Christianity
was supported by Muslims living in the area
led to the capture and devastation of Baghdad
38
The first western European nation to establish an overseas empire in the 15th century was
Spain
The Netherlands
France
Portugal
39
The most important basic commodity traded in the Early Modern Period was
gold
tobacco
grain
sugar
40
The Ming Chinese naval expeditions of the early 15th century
were followed by the Chinese conquest of southeast Asia
ended, challenged Confucian values/typical expenditures
were stopped by Muslim navies in the Indian Ocean
renewed interest in scientific/geographic exploration