A insect population keeps rising even though a farmer adds pesticides monthly. Why?

an increase in the survival rate of pesticide-resistant bugs

An organic farmer is combating aphids on his crops. Which pest management is not an option?

spraying the plant with synthesized organic compounds

All of the following are disadvantages of using GMOs except:

can decrease herbicide-resistant weeds

Which of the following is a common characteristic of lakes undergoing cultural eutrophication?

increased levels of plant nutrients

What is a potential problem of chemical pesticides?

accelerates genetic resistance of pests, weeds, etc.

Why is phosphorus a limiting factor for farms?

Phosphate is not readily taken up by plants

FIFRA is the main law that regulates pesticide use. Law was created for all reasons except:

to make things extra difficult for farmers

How do you increase a crop's resistance to pests and diseases?

cross a crop plant with an ancestral variety

What is not a characteristic of sustainable agriculture?

providing highest crop yields because of soil health

Economic consequences that result from the flow of fertilizer into marine waters include:

clean up costs, loss of tourist revenue, decreased property taxes, loss of jobs due to lack of fish to catch for industry

Fecal coliform suggests what if found during water quality testing?

water is contaminated with animal waste

How can we reduce the flow of nonpoint pollutants from flowing into rivers/streams?

catchment basins/retention ponds to capture runoff

The presence of chemical pesticides in a child's blood raises concerns of the following except:

chemical pesticides used near children are safe

Humans impact the nitrogen cycle in all the following ways except:

subsurface mining of nitrogen-containing ores

What is a consequence of monoculture with intensive irrigation in a dry area?

increased salinization of the soil

The loss of natural sediment harms wetlands in all the following ways except:

increase habitats of nurseries in wetlands

In order to be certified as organic farmers must do all the following except:

keep crops free from chemical for 10 years for certification

Agriculture runoff of chemically treated fields can impact rivers/streams by

nitrates from fertilizers can cause explosive algae blooms

Why is organic farming more expensive when compared to industrial agriculture?

organic farms are more labor intensive

All of the following are ways to reduce the amount of land needed for agriculture except:

converting more forestland into agricultural land

What was the fundamental role of the Green Revolution?

development of new strains of crops with higher yields

All of the following are ways to remediate soil salinization except:

apply low pH water to flush out soil well below root line

What is the role of pH in the soil/water?

different plants have different pH requirements for growth

All of the following are roles of porosity in soil except:

pore space allows for poor oxygen exchange for roots

A large amount of sewage waste discharged into a river would result in a sharp

increase in biological oxygen demand

How do pesticides get into your blood stream?

biomagnification, being exposed to pesticides in yard, eating foods with pesticides on it, living near agricultural operations

Why do fertilizers not contain carbon? Why don't farmers have to add this element?

plants obtain carbon directly from the atmosphere

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Project 3 Food Systems Test Review

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Questions 49

Answers

1
What is an advantage of large-scale cattle feedlots as compared to free-range?
reduced methane from animal waste
large inputs of fossil fuels
reduced soil erosion
large inputs of grain feed and water
2
A insect population keeps rising even though a farmer adds pesticides monthly. Why?
an increase in soil salinity
an increase in the average temperature over the summer
an increase in the population of insect predators
an increase in the survival rate of pesticide-resistant bugs
3
An organic farmer is combating aphids on his crops. Which pest management is not an option?
tomato leaf spray
spraying the plant with chrysanthemum (flower) oils
spraying the plant with synthesized organic compounds
releasing ladybugs in field
4
All of the following are disadvantages of using GMOs except:
can harm beneficial insects
can lower biodiversity among crops
can increase pesticide-resistant insects
can decrease herbicide-resistant weeds
5
An example of a non-point source pollutant
industrial effluent
overflow from a sewage treatment plant
seepage from a landfill
erosion from agricultural land
6
Which is not a way to conserve water?
avoid growing water thirsty crops in dry areas
flood irrigation
irrigating at night
irrigating with treated urban waste water
7
Which soil horizon contains the majority of organic matter?
A Horizon
O Horizon
C Horizon
B Horizon
8
Which of the following is a common characteristic of lakes undergoing cultural eutrophication?
decreased amounts of green and blue algae
increased levels of plant nutrients
increased levels of oxygen throughout the water column
decreases rates of sediment accumulation
9
What is a potential problem of chemical pesticides?
decreases financial treadmill of farming practices
decreased pollution due to quick breakdown of components
increases amounts of natural predators that cause harm
accelerates genetic resistance of pests, weeds, etc.
10
What practice would you not expect to see at a monoculture farm?
agroforestry
spraying of synthetic pesticides
seasonal tilling of soil
planting of genetically modified seeds
11
Why is phosphorus a limiting factor for farms?
Phosphate is not readily taken up by plants
Phosphorus cycles quickly through soil
There are no anthropogenic sources of phosphorus
There is usually a gaseous phase in the cycle
12
FIFRA is the main law that regulates pesticide use. Law was created for all reasons except:
many were eventually determined to be hazardous
to make things extra difficult for farmers
DDT was found to both bioaccumulate and biomagnify
high persistent first generation pesticides
13
Overuse of groundwater in coastal areas can cause...
saltwater intrusion
decrease in eutrophication
rise in water table
bacterial contamination of surface water
14
How do you increase a crop's resistance to pests and diseases?
cross a crop plant with an ancestral variety
common crop species, such as corn, is typically high
create new species of crop with synthetic genes
genetic uniformity
15
All of the following are types of point pollutants except?
local dry cleaner
agricultural runoff
sewage pipe
nuclear power plant
16
What is not a characteristic of sustainable agriculture?
providing highest crop yields because of soil health
selecting crops that are best for the climate and soil type
decreasing risk of water pollution for agriculture runoff
supporting environmental health because less airborne toxins
17
Which of the following aids in the secondary water treatment process to facilitate decomposition of waste by bacteria?
activated-sludge tank
bar screen
grit-settling tank
ultraviolet light array
18
What is the most efficient way to water?
flood irrigation
pivot sprayers
furrow pattern irrigation
drip irrigation
19
Benefits of DDT and other chemical pesticides include all the following except?
increased profits
increased food supply
combated malaria
increased beneficial insects
20
Economic consequences that result from the flow of fertilizer into marine waters include:
clean up costs
loss of tourist revenue
decreased property taxes
loss of jobs due to lack of fish to catch for industry
21
ammonia is converted to nitrite, then nitrate
nitrification
denitification
nitrogen fixation
ammonification
22
What is least likely to happen if croplands are only used for corn-based biofuels?
decrease in water use
increase in the price of food
decrease in the availability of food
decrease in soil fertility
23
How would planting legumes help a farmer?
to minimize the need for pesticides
to fix nitrogen in the soil
to maximize the phosphorus cycle
to increase the biodiversity
24
The major reservoir of nitrogen is found in what place?
vegetation
atmosphere
rocks
hydrosphere
25
Fecal coliform suggests what if found during water quality testing?
the dissolved oxygen level of the river is high
pH of the river is very high
fish caught from the river will be free of parasites
water is contaminated with animal waste
26
Which lettered soil would have the highest water-holding capacity?
C
A
D
B
27
Plant roots absorb ammonium ions and nitrate for use in making DNA and proteins
nitrogen fixation
assimilation
ammonification
nitrification
28
What type of pest management system does the diagram represent?
integrated pest management
genetic-resistance engineering
pheromone attractant approach
cultivation practice management
29
How can we reduce the flow of nonpoint pollutants from flowing into rivers/streams?
less riparian buffers
poor timing of fertilizer applications, cover crops
impermeable pavement
catchment basins/retention ponds to capture runoff
30
The presence of chemical pesticides in a child's blood raises concerns of the following except:
chemical pesticides used near children are safe
bioaccumulation in the fat cells
majority of pesticides have not been tested for toxicity
we still are unsure of long term effects of many chemicals
31
Humans impact the nitrogen cycle in all the following ways except:
the consistent use of monoculture of crops such as corn
removing nitrogen from the topsoil during harvest
subsurface mining of nitrogen-containing ores
adding excess nitrogen to bodies of water through ag runoff
32
What is a consequence of monoculture with intensive irrigation in a dry area?
decreased surface runoff
increased salinization of the soil
decreased need for herbicides
increased humus in the soil
33
The loss of natural sediment harms wetlands in all the following ways except:
loss of nutrients needed by wetland plants
more flooding of coastal wetlands
loss of plants lead to a loss of biomass at higher levels
increase habitats of nurseries in wetlands
34
In order to be certified as organic farmers must do all the following except:
use little to no genetic engineering, growth hormones, etc.
use little to no chemical pesticides
use little to no chemical fertilizers
keep crops free from chemical for 10 years for certification
35
Agriculture runoff of chemically treated fields can impact rivers/streams by
abundance of oxygen from decomposing algae blooms
ammonia from fertilizers can cause explosive algae blooms
nitrates from fertilizers can cause explosive algae blooms
decrease in the amount of dead zones
36
Most freshwater is used for what?
industry
irrigation
electrical power generation
municipal usage
37
Why is organic farming more expensive when compared to industrial agriculture?
organic farms are more labor intensive
organic farms maintain soil health
organic farms require organic fertilizers
organic farms require smaller farm equipment
38
All of the following are ways to reduce the amount of land needed for agriculture except:
converting old buildings into hydroponic gardens
increase the usage of GMOs, fertilizers, pesticides, etc.
converting more forestland into agricultural land
eating lower on the food chain
39
What type of soil consists of 20% clay, 35% silt, and 50% sand?
loam
Sandy clay
silty loam
sandy loam
40
What was the fundamental role of the Green Revolution?
addition of calorie, fat and fiber info on food labels
chlorophyll adds nutrient value to wheat, rice, and sorghum
higher levels of organic fertilizers to increase rice yields
development of new strains of crops with higher yields
41
All of the following are ways to remediate soil salinization except:
apply low pH water to flush out soil well below root line
deep tilling to break up any hard soil and improve drainage
apply sulfur, lime or calcium to remove/replace the sodium
flushing soil with fresh water well below root line of crops
42
Salinization is all the following except:
increase in precipitation
buildup of salts from use of coastal intruded water
blocks plants from up taking water due to osmosis of water
buildup of salts from poor irrigation methods that evaporate
43
All of the following are effects of overgrazing livestock on rangelands except:
erosion
lower biomass of producers
higher fire potential
desertification
44
What is the role of pH in the soil/water?
different plants have different pH requirements for growth
basic or alkaline soils are not prone to salinization
acidic soils allow for more nutritional uptake by plants
to maintain the correct balance of the nitrogen cycle
45
All of the following are roles of porosity in soil except:
pore space allows for poor oxygen exchange for roots
water cannot be used by plants if it cannot go through soil
poor permeability leads to increased salts in the soil
water cannot be used by plants if it flows away from roots
46
Which law requires minimum and maximum safety standards for community water supplies?
Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)
Toxic Substances Act (TSA)
Clean Water Act (CWA)
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
47
A large amount of sewage waste discharged into a river would result in a sharp
decrease in the temperature of the river
increase in the amount of dissolved oxygen
decrease in coliform bacteria counts
increase in biological oxygen demand
48
How do pesticides get into your blood stream?
biomagnification
being exposed to pesticides in yard
eating foods with pesticides on it
living near agricultural operations
49
Why do fertilizers not contain carbon? Why don't farmers have to add this element?
plants obtain carbon directly from the atmosphere
plants obtain carbon directly from the soil
they utilized carbon from specialized bacteria
Plants don't require carbon to grow properly

Project 3 Food Systems Test Review Flashcards | StudBud