U4L2 - Age of Exploration

__?__ merchants spread Chinese technologies westward along the Silk Roads and Indian Ocean network.

__?__ = European colony in the Americas known for fur trapping

Catholic governments like Spain/Portugal sent missionaries to actively convert/teach indigenous Americans

 The success of the new endeavor/project may create greater demand for shares - thus raising the price per share.

 Investors may purchase shares (partial ownership) of the company via a stock market. 

The Portugese created a network of coastal trading forts that stretched from Africa, South Asia, SE Asia, S. China

At their coastal trading fort/post, European merchants made trade agreements with local merchants

Columbus sailed __?__ (direction) across the Atlantic in hopes of locating an alternative route to the __?__

 In exchange for the royal charter/monopoly, the joint-stock company agrees to share a % of its profits with its gov

Oceanic exploration also offered states in W. European the means to spread __?__

The joint-stock company then uses the money raised from selling shares (partial ownership) to fund new endeavors.

Christopher Columbus, an Italian merchant-explorer, explored on behalf of __?__

__?__ = European colony in the Americas known for silver, sugar, and coffee

Mercantile governments also viewed exploration as a means to discovering new lands/peoples to conquer/colonize. 

The Spanish, Dutch, French, and English challenged Portugal's control over trade in the __?___

Mercantile governments viewed exploration as a means to discovering new trade partners.

__?__ = European colony in the Americas known for tobacco plantations

The (1) stern rudder, (2) compass, and (3) gunpowder were developed in __?__ before 1450 CE.

Mercantile governments acquired more gold/silver via (1) trade and (2) conquest/colonization

Oceanic exploration offered some states in Western Europe a means to bypass the __?__ monopoly

 Mercantile govs, rather than send their own army/navy to explore new trade routes/lands, used joint-stock companies

The __?__ were first to create a decentralized network of coastal trading forts in West and East Africa

Mercantile states used joint-stock companies to initiate exploration/colonization

Investors may sell shares at a higher price and thus make a profit.

Oceanic exploration provided states in W. Europe the means to acquire gold/silver needed to satisfy __?__

The British EIC eventually pushed the Portuguese/French out of __?__and made trade agreements with the Mughals

States who practiced mercantilism advocated the accumulation of gold/silver by exporting __?__ than importing

Slave trading kingdoms/states in coastal West Africa exchanged enslaved Africans for ....

Using joint-stock companies was a form of risk-management because the company assumed the risk on behalf of the crown

 Catholic kingdoms/govs viewed exploration was a means to discovering new lands/peoples to convert to Catholicism.

__?__ = European colony in the Americas known for buying/reselling furs and tobacco.

To satisfy their mercantile objectives, states in W. Europe created coastal trading posts and later colonies

Portuguese merchant-explorers used their naval/military superiority to easily conquer Indian Ocean cities/ports

Investors created joint-stock companies to limit the risks of exploration (pirates, weather, etc.)

Some of the Catholic warriors who fought during the __?__ became merchant/warlords (conquistadors)