A Level Psych 2015 - 4 Cognitive Memory Theories

Question 1

What does the term 'encoding' mean?

Accepted Answer

To change information into a form that it can be stored.

Question 2

Reconstructive memory theory would predict that....

Accepted Answer

We recall what we expect to see rather than what was there

Question 3

Choose a strength of the MSM!

Accepted Answer

HM case studies shows that hippocampus might be an STM area, Primacy and Recency Effects

Question 4

Identify one strength of the working memory model.

Accepted Answer

Dual task experiments demonstrate separate STM stores, There is neurophysiological evidence for WMM.

Question 5

Which of the following is wrong about Reconstructive memory theory (Bartlett, 1932)?

Accepted Answer

we can treat memory like a tape recorder

Question 6

In the working memory model (Baddeley +Hitch 1974) what does the central executive do?

Accepted Answer

allocate resources, where to pay attention, problem solving

Question 7

Harry the Hedgehog struggles with reading as he's a dyslexic. What WMM problem might he have?

Accepted Answer

A low phonological loop capacity for long words, Damage to his central executive capacity.

Question 8

The main difference between episodic and semantic memory (Tulving) is:

Accepted Answer

Episodic is autobiographical while semantic is about meaning

Question 9

Which of these correctly describes short term memory?

Accepted Answer

5-9 item/chunk capacity, 30 sec duration, auditory

Question 10

Which of these belong to the phonological loop of the WMM (choose one!)

Accepted Answer

an acoustic store, articulatory control loop

Question 11

Which of the following is not a component of working memory?

Accepted Answer

LTM

Question 12

What is the main evidence for the working model?

Accepted Answer

The dual task experiments (can't do two similar things!)

Question 13

Identify one weakness of the episodic/semantic Tulving model of memory (two possible answers!)

Accepted Answer

Stores rely on each other, difficult to separate them, More descriptive than explanatory (just gives labels)

Question 14

A schema (as used in reconstructive memory theory) is

Accepted Answer

a set of learned knowledge and assumptions about a situation

Question 15

The sensory register belongs to which model of memory?

Accepted Answer

Multi-Store Model

Question 16

Coco the Clown gets a pie in his face while trying to remember a mobile number. What happens?

Accepted Answer

He forgets the number as he can't use maintenance rehearsal

Questions 16