Water’s properties that facilitate an environment for life are

Ability to Moderate Temperature, Versatility as a Solvent, Cohesive Behavior, Expansion Upon Freezing

The two rings forms for glucose are

b position – when OH of carbon 1 points up, α position – when OH of carbon 1 points down

Types of chemical bonds from strongest to weakest

Covalent, Ionic, Hydrogen/Van der Waal

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BSC 2010 Exam 1 Practice

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An array of BSC2010 definitions and important facts to help prep for the exam

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Questions 114

Answers

1
Isomers that have the same covalent bonds but differ in spatial arrangements are also called
Cis-Trans Isomers
Trans Isomers
Cis Isomers
Trans-Cis Isomers
2
Organic molecules consisting of only carbon and hydrogen, are nonpolar.
Hydrocarbons
Carbohydrates
3
The process where CO2 dissolves in sea water to form carbonic acid
Lake Acidification
Stream Acidification
Aquifer Acidification
Ocean Acidification
4
The process of converting unsaturated fats to saturated fats by adding hydrogen
Hydroglycogen
Hydrosilation
Hydrofixation
Hydrogenation
5
The origin of life could have taken place near
Mountains
Forests
Lakes
Volcanoes
6
_______ biology is the analysis of the interactions among the parts of a biological system
Structural
Complex
Systems
Network
7
Levels of Biological Organization include
Tissues, Cells, Organelles, Molecules
All of the above
Biosphere, Ecosystems, Communities
Populations, Organisms, Organs
8
___ shows what it does and how it works. ___ suggests its structure and organization.
Structure, Function
Function, Structure
9
In molecules with multiple carbons, each carbon bonded to four other atoms has a __
Tetrahedral Shape
Quadrilateral Shape
Hexagonal Shape
Pentagonal Shape
10
Aldehyde has C=O __ of carbon skeletons, Ketone has C=O __
Outside, Inside
Inside, Outside
11
Include sugars and the polymers of sugars. Simplest form is monosaccharides (simple sugars)
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
12
___ helps the transport of water against gravity in plants
Bonds
Adhesion
Pressure
Cohesion
13
Term for large and complex molecules
Micromolecule
Macromolecule
Decamolecule
Megamolecule
14
Elements with a full valence shell are chemically ___, or nonreactive
Dormant
Stationary
Effete
Inert
15
___ are required by an organism in only minute quantities
Trace Elements
Indication Elements
Building Block Elements
Shred Elements
16
Electron potential energy is called its energy level, or __. The lower the __, the less energy.
Electron case, case
Electron frame, frame
Electron level, level
Electron shell, shell
17
___ takes the form of recorded descriptions (can't be measured)
Qualitative Data
Quantitative Data
18
Water’s properties that facilitate an environment for life are
Ability to Moderate Temperature
Versatility as a Solvent
Cohesive Behavior
Expansion Upon Freezing
19
A __ is the dissolving agent of a solution, the __ is the substance that is dissolved
Solvent, Solute
Solute, Solvent
20
Reaction when 2 monomers bond together through the loss of a water molecule
Dehydration
Evaporation
Condensation
Hydrolysis
21
Which of the four classes of org compounds is NOT a polymer?
Nucleic Acid
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
22
Long molecule consisting of many similar building blocks, monomers
Multimer
Polymer
Trimmer
Quadramer
23
___ the energy that matter has because of its location or structure
Moving Energy
Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy
Still Energy
24
The # of atoms in the amount of substance given by one mole. Equals 6.02 * 10^23 daltons
Arugula's Number
Asparagus's Number
Avogadro’s Number
Artichoke's Number
25
DNA molecules are made up of two long chains arranged in a ____
Equiangular Shape
Hexagonal Prism
Torus
Double Helix
26
Which form of glucose requires alternating orientation for dehydration?
Linkage of β glucose monomers
Linkage of α glucose monomers
27
The study of compounds that contain carbon
Animate Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Biological Chemistry
Natural Chemistry
28
Sum of all masses of all atoms in a molecule. 1 mole of a substance = its molecular mass number
Molecular Bulk
Molecular Size
Molecular Weight
Molecular Mass
29
Reaction that is essentially the reverse of the dehydration reaction, breaks polymers by + H2O
Condensation
Rehydration
Evaporation
Hydrolysis
30
The belief in a life force outside the jurisdiction of physical and chemical laws
Essentialism
Religion
Vitalism
Mechanism
31
Neutron mass and proton mass are almost identical and are measured in ___, equal to 1 amu
Jefferons
Watsons
Daltons
Edisons
32
____ have membrane-enclosed organelles, largest is the nucleus. Found in most forms of life
Prokaryotic Cells
Bacteria
Eukaryotic Cells
Viruses
33
The two rings forms for glucose are
b position – when OH of carbon 1 points up
α position – when OH of carbon 1 points up
α position – when OH of carbon 1 points down
b position – when OH of carbon 1 points down
34
View that physical and chemical laws govern all natural phenomena (opposite of vitalism)
Channels
Mechanism
Structuralism
Naturalism
35
Which functional group is shown?
Methyl
Amino
Phosphate
Sulfhydryl
36
Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle?
Neutral neutrons
Negative electrons
Positive protons
Neutral nucleus
37
An attraction between different substances. EX: b/w water and plant cell walls
Bonds
Cohesion
Adhesion
Pressure
38
Lipids are __ because they consist of hydrocarbons w/ nonpolar covalent bonds
Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic
39
Biology is the study of _______. Organisms are subject to basic laws of ______ and _______
molecules, chemistry, and physics
animals, nature, and nurture
diversity, adaptation, and natural selection
life, physics, and chemistry
40
When phospholipids are added to water, they self-assemble into double-layered structures called
Trilayers
Qualayers
Doslayeros
Bilayers
41
Which functional group is shown?
Phosphate
Amino
Sulfhydryl
Methyl
42
Fats, phospholipids, and steroids are all
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
Proteins
43
Unpaired electrons leave the atom in a __; unpaired electrons are accepted in a __
Cation, Anion
Anion, Cation
44
Ionic compounds represent a ratio of elements in
Matter
Objects
Salt Crystals
Simple Sugars
45
A __ is any substance that reduces H+ and increases OH-, pH value greater than 7
Base
Acid
46
Types of chemical bonds from strongest to weakest
Ionic, Covalent, Hydrogen/Van der Waal
Covalent, Ionic, Hydrogen/Van der Waal
Hydrogen/Van der Waal, Ionic, Covalent,
Hydrogen/Van der Waal, Covalent, Ionic
47
Two atoms of an element that differ in number of neutrons
Molecules
Isotopes
Compounds
Ions
48
__ are those in the outermost electron shell
Valence electrons
Border electrons
Edging electrons
Fringe electrons
49
Living organisms consist mostly of __ based compounds
Carbon
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
50
______ is the reduction of complex systems into simpler components for more manageable to study
Deflation
Microcosm
Reductionism
Condensation
51
Amylopectin is the __ form of starch, amylose is __
Unbranched, Branched
Branched, Unbranched
52
Main Points of Darwin's Origin of Species:
Proof of descent with modification from common ancestors
Natural selection is behind descent with modification
53
Lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Steroids
Proteins
54
A charged atom (or molecule) is called an __
Isotope
Stimulated atom
Subatomic particle
Ion
55
_____ responds to stop initial stimulus. _____ responds to strengthen initial stimulus.
Rejection feedback, Reassuring feedback
Negative feedback, positive feedback
Obstructive feedback, Indisputable feedback
56
A measure of how hard it is to break the surface of a liquid
Surface Traction
Surface Tension
Surface Friction
Surface Rigidity
57
The heat a liquid must absorb for 1 g to be converted to gas
Heat of Humidity
Heat of Vaporization
Heat of Condensation
Heat of Evaporation
58
Which are key compounds measured to determine how acidic or basic a solution is?
Hydroxide ion (OH−)
None of the above
Hydronium ion (H3O+)
Hydrogen ion (H+)
59
Water is a ___ due to its polarity, but __ dissolve hydrophobic substances
versatile solute, won't
versatile solvent, will
versatile solute, will
versatile solvent, won't
60
___ is a substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio
Combination
Compound
Mixture
Complex
61
Water acts as a __ to extreme temperature changes to lessen its effects on organisms
Stifle
Moderator
Buffer
Cushion
62
The number of moles of solute per liter of solution
Molarity (M)
Molality (m)
63
_____ result from the arrangement and interaction of parts within a system
Structural properties
Emergent properties
Building properties
Divergent properties
64
The seven functional groups that are most important in the chemistry of life are:
Methyl, Phosphate
Hydroxyl, Carboxyl, Carbonyl
Amino, Sulfhydryl
All of the above
65
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1°C
Calorie
Kilocalorie
Hectocalorie
Milocalorie
66
Only common substance to exist in the natural environment in all 3 physical states of matter
Water
Earth
Wind
Fire
67
Carbohydrate macromolecules are __, polymers composed of many simple sugar building blocks
Disaccharides
Macrosaccharide
Polysaccharides
Monosaccharide
68
Macromolecules that speed up chemical reactions that make/break down polymers
Proteins
Polymers
Catalysts
Enzymes
69
__ is an atom’s attraction for the electrons in a covalent bond
Polarity
Magnetism
Charge
Electronegativity
70
Hydrolysis __ H2O while dehydration __ H2O
Adds, Removes
Removes, Adds
71
Cell are enclosed by a ____ that regulates materials b/w the cell and environment
Golgi complex
Mitochondrion
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Membrane
72
Which functional group is shown?
Hydroxyl
Methyl
Carbonyl
Carboxyl
73
Which functional group is shown?
Methyl
Carboxyl
Carbonyl
Hydroxyl
74
Ice floats __ water and __ it, protecting organisms living under the sheet of ice
sinks beneath, insulates
floats on top of, heats
floats on top of, insulates
sinks beneath, heats
75
Notation used to represent atoms and bonding is called a __. Shorthand is molecular formula
Arrangement formula
Structural formula
Framework formula
Organization formula
76
_____ is a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions
Matter
Unit
Element
Atom
77
Which functional group is shown?
Hydroxyl
Carbonyl
Methyl
Amino
78
Why H2O has such a high specific heat and high heat of vaporization
Surface Tension
Hydrogen Bonds
Solvent
Van de Waal Bonds
79
Atom’s __ is equal to the # of unpaired electrons needed to fill outermost shell
Edging
Charge
Valency
Border
80
Formed when a dehydration reaction joins two monosaccharides via glycosidic linkage
Glysaccharide
Disaccharide
Monosaccharide
Polysaccharide
81
Kinetic energy associated with random motion of atoms/molecules is called
Intense Energy
Torrid Energy
Thermal Energy
Humid Energy
82
Gene expression converts information from gene to cellular product in this order
RNA → DNA → Protein
Protein → DNA → RNA
Protein → RNA → DNA
DNA → RNA → Protein
83
Polymers of simple sugars are called
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Glysaccharides
Polysaccharides
84
Consists of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
Molecule
Compound
Atom
Electron
85
___ is the search for information and explanations of natural phenomena
Delving
Scrutiny
Inquiry
Probe
86
An __ is any substance that increases the H+ concentration of a solution, pH value less than 7
Acid
Base
87
__ fatty acids have the max # of H atoms possible and no double bonds, __ have 1+ double bonds
Saturated, Unsaturated fatty acids
Unsaturated, Saturated Fatty Acids
88
Because of its properties, it takes __ of heat energy to heat up water
A minuscule amount
A lot
A little
A medium amount
89
The most common monosaccharide, aka C6H12O6
Fructose
Glycose
Glucose
Sucrose
90
____ are expressed as numerical measurement, organized into tables and graphs
Quantitative Data
Qualitative Data
91
Which functional group is shown?
Methyl
Phosphate
Amino
Sulfhydryl
92
____ are small, have no nucleus or membrane-enclosed organelles. Found in bacteria and archaea.
Bacteria
Eukaryotic Cells
Viruses
Prokaryotic Cells
93
Ionic compounds ___ consist of molecules
Do
Do Not
94
Water's in __ when water molecules dissociate at the same rate at which they are being reformed
Dynamic Symmetry
Dynamic Balance
Dynamic Equilibrium
Dynamic Stability
95
Drug used in 60’s for morning sickness. R enantiomer helped, S caused severe birth defects
Thalidomide
Thalipentide
Thalidopamine
Thalizenide
96
Isomers that are mirror images of each other. Effective ones can be either R or S
Deantiomers
Enantiomers
Meantiomers
Reantiomers
97
The simplest lipid is a __, made of a carboxyl group (COOH) attached to a long carbon skeleton
Skinny Acid
Fatty Acid
Neutral Acid
Mild Acid
98
The smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element
Bond
Atom
Compound
Molecule
99
These isotopes decay spontaneously, giving off particles and energy
Half-Life
Irradiated
Radioactive
Dangerous
100
In any aqueous solution, __, where the brackets stand for "concentration of"
[H+]*[OH−] = 10^−20
[H+]*[OH−] = 10^−7
[H+]*[OH−] = 10^−16
[H+]*[OH−] = 10^−14
101
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures and properties
Isomers
Isosceles
Isopods
Isochron
102
Properties associated with life are
Order, Evolutionary Adaptation, Regulation
All of the above
Growth and Development, Energy Processing
Reproduction, Response to Environment
103
Cells are ___ water
20-50%
40-70%
99%
70-95%
104
Sugar molecule consisting of two simple sugars
Polysaccharide
Monosaccharide
Disaccharide
Glysaccharide
105
An element’s _____ is the number of protons in its nucleus
Atomic charge
Atomic symbol
Atomic mass
Atomic number
106
Estradiol and testosterone differ only in the chemical groups attached to the rings of the __
Carbon Outline
Carbon Skeleton
Carbon Framework
Carbon Blueprint
107
Thermal energy in transfer from one body of matter to another is
Friction
Warmth
Fever
Heat
108
The amount of heat that must be lost for 1 g of that substance to change its temperature by 1°C
Particular Heat
Specific Heat
Fixed Heat
Precise Heat
109
______ contain genetic material in the form of DNA
Genes
Proteins
Chromosomes
Eukaryotes
110
Structural polysaccharide found in the exoskeleton of arthropods & supports cell walls of fungi
Cellulose
Chitin
Glycogen
Starch
111
The three-dimensional space where an electron is found 90% of the time
Orbital
Prism
Figure
Cycloid
112
Formula for monosaccharides is
Cz(H2O)z
Cn(H2O)n
Cy(H2O)y
Cx(H2O)x
113
Chemical messengers that travel through the cardiovascular system
Oxygen Molecules
Blood cells
Hormones
Antibodies
114
___ is anything that takes up space and has mass. Composed of elements
Atoms
Medium
Substance
Matter

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