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Earth Science Mega Quiz Review
Earth Science Mega Quiz Review
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1
Which moves matter, not energy?
solar radiation
surface currents
a deep-water wave
breaking wave
2
Dispose of materials in the laboratory...
in the trash.
down the drain.
by burning them completely.
as your teacher directs you do.
3
What is the primary cause of tides?
Earth's tilt on its axis
the Moon's gravitational pull
the Sun's mass
Earth's center of gravity
4
Considering different rates of heat absorption, where will it be warmest in winter?
near the South Carolina coast
in central Tennessee
near the Mississippi River
in a Rocky Mountain valley
5
How often does the Sun light half of the Moon's surface?
all the time
once a month
weekly
twice a day
6
From a viewing position above the North Pole, the Moon orbits Earth
from east to west
from south to north
from north to south
from west to east
7
The lithosphere consists of...
the crust and upper mantle.
the outer and inner core.
the crust and the entire mantle.
the crust, mantle, and core.
8
What metric unit would you use to express the distance from a road to the top of a cliff?
gram
meter
liter
kilogram
9
Where water evaporates from an ocean, it...
changes to a gas
changes to a liquid
dries out
changes to a solid
10
At sunset where are you in relation to the sun?
south of it
east of it
north of it
west of it
11
Which information should appear in the procedures section of your scientific report?
a summary of what the experiment showed
a discussion of background information
the results of your investigation
an outline of steps in your experiment
12
In contrast to global winds, air in thunderstorms move...
horizontally.
vertically.
in a circular pattern.
quickly.
13
In what phase of the Moon can a solar eclipse occur?
full
waxing gibbous
third quarter
new
14
Earth's inner core consists of...
liquid metals.
soft, tarlike rock.
cool rock.
solid metals.
15
Stars appear to move in...
annual patterns.
daily paths.
an easterly direction.
relation to the sun.
16
Which information should appear in the introduction to your scientific report?
a graph of the results
a statement of the hypothesis
a list of equipment you used
a list of sources
17
A tentative explanation is...
skepticism.
an experiment.
a theory.
a hypothesis.
18
You complete 5 kilometers of a 10-kilometer race. What percent of the race have you finished?
half
0.50
5/10
50%
19
Which air movements causes tornadoes?
local winds
counterclockwise twists
updrafts and downdrafts
global winds
20
Which of the following best explains why a tall, steep mountain is younger than a rounded one?
a model of the early Earth
knowledge of how sediment forms
the known processes of erosion
an inference about slope angle
21
Which object is smallest?
meteor
asteroid
meteorite
asteroid belt
22
Where is most of Earth's freshwater?
atmosphere
lakes and rivers
underground
glaciers
23
Why do most astronomers accept the Big Bang theory?
Many experiments prove it.
It is consistent with the heliocentric model.
It just makes sense.
It is consistent with all the current evidence.
24
How often does a new Moon come?
every three weeks
four times a year
around every four weeks
weekly
25
A scientific theory...
cannot be disproven.
changes with new evidence.
is just a guess.
is really a fact.
26
What percent of Earth's surface is land?
10
about 70
about 30
50
27
Why do scientists emphasize honesty?
to form important questions.
to encourage skepticism.
to be sure data they share are valid.
to weed out unethical people.
28
Which object is brightest?
meteorite
core
meteor
asteroid
29
Which of these planets has a rocky crust?
Venus
Jupiter
Neptune
Uranus
30
Why isn't Pluto considered a planet?
It is not at all like other planets.
Scientists changed the definition of a planet.
Its orbit is to irregular.
It has grown smaller.
31
If you were investigating the composition of a soil sample, which tool would be most useful?
telescope
thermometer
forceps
binoculars
32
What metric unit would you use to express the volume of water in a pond?
gram
liter
meter
kilogram
33
How do living things in the ocean get oxygen?
from the air
from trench upwelling
from gases dissolved in the water
from hydrothermal vents
34
The force of air molecules on an area is called...
low pressure.
vertical wind.
high pressure.
air pressure.
35
The asthenosphere is a layer of...
hard rock in the mantle.
hard rock in the core.
hot, soft rock in the crust.
hot, soft rock in the mantle.
36
What shape is the Milky Way?
spherical
elliptical
irregular
spiral
37
In what phase of the Moon can a lunar eclipse occur?
third quarter
new
full
waxing gibbous
38
An object's center of mass is
its axis.
its density.
shape and mass
a concept, not a reality.
39
Which tool would you use to examine the crystal structure of a mineral?
telescope
microscope
test tube
graduated cylinder
40
Which of the following is a part of a hypothesis?
an inference
a summary
a conclusion
a prediction
41
The thin layer of cool rock that makes up Earth's surface is called the...
core.
asthenosphere.
crust.
mantle.
42
Which tool would you use to find the weight of an orange?
spring scale
balance
graduated cylinder
forceps
43
What is wind?
air flow from high to low pressure
air flow from upper altitudes to lower altitudes
movement of air above warm water
movement of air during precipitation
44
What do trenches tell us?
Continents nay be on top of oceans.
Crust is destroyed as well as made.
Over billions of years, tectonic plates pile on each other.
Tectonic plates cannot grow larger.
45
Global winds...
have horizontal and vertical components.
move slowly.
cluster near the equator.
can travel thousands of kilometers.
46
A strong scientific theory...
is based on a large accumulation of hypotheses.
is consistent with all available evidence.
all of the above.
does not have to change with new evidence.
47
Which planet is the only one that presently supports life?
Neptune
Mars
Venus
Earth
48
Which belongs in the results section of your report?
a restatement of the hypothesis
a bibliography
charts of graphs of data
a statement of the investigation
49
Where would you find salt water?
an alphine glacier
a sea
in coastal rain
a large lake like lake superior
50
During summer in Georgia, the Sun's daily path is farther ___________ than it is in winter.
east
south
west
north
51
Which structure is the steepest?
continental slope
continental shelf
abyssal plain
trench
52
What makes a meteor shower predictable?
the density of Earth's atmosphere
Earth's seasons
meteoroid mass and diameter
a comet's orbit
53
Which of the following questions would best lead to a reasonable hypothesis?
How did different kinds of rocks get their names?
How many atoms are there in the universe?
Why do people like chocolate?
Do plants grow faster under natural or artificial light?
54
What causes ocean waves?
surface currents
deep currents
winds
tides
55
When a hurricane near the Georgia coast, which way is it travelling?
south to north
east to west
north to south
west to east
56
Newscasters often refer to a hurricane's rain bands. Where are these likely to be?
above the eye wall
in the spiral arms of the storm
in the eye of the hurricane
at lower altitudes, near the ocean surface
57
Rising warm air creates...
low pressure
a cold front
dense air
clear skies
58
At which average temperature would an air mass most likely have the lowest pressure?
14°C
20°C
0°C
37°C
59
What happens when water vapor condenses?
it turns from a solid to a flowing liquid
it turns from a vapor into a liquid
it turns to ice
it leaves the liquid state and becomes a cloud.
60
Planets form from clumps of...
gas.
gravity.
energy.
dust.
61
Which tool would be most helpful in preparing a report on the results of an experiment?
computer
graduated cylinder
balance
calculator
62
What word describes a Moon that is about to turn new?
waning
full
dark
gibbous
63
Which planet is farthest from the sun?
Jupiter
Saturn
Neptune
Mars
64
Which phase of the Moon looks like a semicircle?
gibbous
crescent
full
first or third quarter
65
Why is it good to have different hypotheses to explain an observation?
It makes it possible to reject hypotheses aren't supported.
It reminds people that no results are ever totally reliable.
Testing the hypotheses involves people with different views.
There is more for scientists to do.
66
At the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere days are
the longest of the year
the same length as nights
twice as long as nights
the shortest of the year
67
The sound of thunder is the result of...
heavy precipitation.
electrical charges in heavy rain.
lightning
cloud collisions.
68
The progression of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation is called the...
water system
weather
water cycle
changes of seasons
69
Which physical property or force makes planets orbit the Sun?
energy.
gravity.
distance.
speed.
70
Wear safety goggles..
in all of the above situations.
when working with chemicals.
when chipping rock samples out of a cliff.
when heating a sample in the laboratory.
71
What metric unit would you use to express the mass of water in a pond?
meter
kilogram
liter
gram
72
If you take a class field trip to the beach, watch out for...
falling rock.
an open flame.
slippery walking surfaces.
deep water.
73
Which step relates specifically to preparing a written report?
proofreading your work for errors
describing the purpose of your investigation
listing the material you used
practicing speaking clearly
74
Which terrestrial planet has a larger diameter than Earth's?
Venus
Mars
none: Earth is the largest terrestrial planet.
Mercury
75
Where does most evaporation occur?
over mountains
underground
over oceans
in flat areas
76
Why does the sun rise in the east?
because earth orbits clockwise
because it sets in the west
because earth rotates west to east
because of it's position relative to earth
77
Which area will absorb the most solar energy?
land that sunlight hits at a 40 degree angle
water that sunlight hits at a 40 degree angle.
land that sunlight hits at a 25 degree angle
water that sunlight hits at a 90 degree angle.
78
Which moves energy, not matter?
deep current
breaking wave
wind
surface current
79
A hypothesis is a...
theory about the natural world.
proven explanation for a set of scientific experiment.
tentative explanation for an observation.
the answer to a scientific experiment.
80
What causes deep currents?
tides
global winds
density differences
waves
81
What is an aquifer?
a layer of permeable material that holds water
a wetland
a cavern w/ fresh water
the center of an ice sheet
82
What is the name of the model with the Sun in its center?
geocentric
galactic expansion
Big Bang
heliocentric
83
How many solar systems might exist?
billions
hundreds
millions
thousands
84
Comparing rates of heat loss, where will it be coldest in winter?
on the New England coast
in central Oklahoma
on a Caribbean island
near the Mississippi River
85
What makes a coma form?
an orbit
density
solar radiation
speed
86
Which two factors determine the force of gravity between objects?
weight and velocity
mass and distance
distance and shape
shape and mass
87
Which step relates specifically to preparing a class presentation?
leaving time for questions
outlining the steps of your experiment
listing the sources you used
stating your hypothesis
88
Which structure is the smallest?
Milky Way
universe
galaxy
solar system
89
Why didn't scientists all accept Wegener's hypothesis?
They thought to fit of the continents was a coincidence.
The hypothesis did not explain earthquakes.
Wegener could not explain how continental drifting occurred.
Wegener was not a geologist.
90
You have a soil sample that is 30 percent water. What fraction of the soil is water?
10/3
3
3/100
3/10
91
Thunderstorms form in...
clear skies.
tornadoes.
high-pressure areas.
cumulus clouds.
92
The primary gas in the Sun is...
hydrogen.
oxygen.
helium.
nitrogen.
93
How does water get into the ground?
hard rain forces it in
rivers deposit it
the pressure of glaciers melts the top layer of soil.
permeable soil lets it seep in.
94
What season is it at the north pole in december?
summer
spring
winter
fall
95
What brought new evidence about oceans to light?
scientists smarter than Wegener
some newly discovered fossils
a major continental breakup in the 1950s
ocean-exploration technology
96
What season is it in the south pole in december
summer
fall
spring
winter
97
What is the center of the solar system?
A galactic disk
Gas and dust
Orbiting planets
A star
98
Who first thought of the Sun-centered solar system?
scientists investigating microwave radiation
Muslim mathematicans
Nicolaus Copernicus
Ancient Indians and Greeks
99
Where is a hurricane most likely to develop?
in a low-pressure system over the ocean
in a high-pressure system over land
in a high-pressure system over land
in a low-pressure system over land
100
A day when the sun crosses the equator is called....
latitude
a hemisphere
an equinox
Solstice
101
Where in the ocean does crust form?
continental shelf
volcano
trench
mid-ocean ridge
102
How can the moon blot out most of the sun during a solar eclipse
It is flattened out
The moon absorbs the light that would otherwise reach Earth.
It is farther to the sun and appears larger than the sun.
It is closer to the Earth and appears larger than the sun.
103
A light-year is a unit of...
brightness
intensity
time
distance
104
In an Atlantic hurricane north of the equator, which way do winds move?
clockwise
counterclockwise
only horizontally
only vertically
105
What evidence did Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift explain?
volcanoes
fit of the continents
mid-ocean ridges
formation of oceans
106
Of the following planets, which is closest to the Sun?
Neptune
Mars
Uranus
Earth
107
If you are not sure how to complete a lab procedure,
don't do anything at all.
research the procedure using the library or the internet.
ask the teacher.
discuss the procedure with a partner.
108
A reasonable hypothesis is one that...
can be tested
does not conflict with common beliefs.
challenges known facts.
is proven correct.
109
What causes surface currents?
Earth's spin
underwater earthquakes
near-shore wave energy
wind caused by uneven heating of the surface
110
In Earth's interior, which of the following increases with increasing depth?
density
temperature
all of the above
pressure
111
Which tool would you use to measure the mass of a bird's egg?
balance
spring scale
microscope
calculator
112
Which body has a core, a coma, and a tail?
meteoroid
meteorite
satellite
comet
113
Which planet is a gas giant?
Mars
Saturn
Venus
Mercury
114
The first day of fall in Georgia is the...
winter equinox
winter solstice
autumn equinox
autumn solstice
115
Which word best expresses how an experiment relates to a hypothesis?
skepticism
evidence
test
proof
116
What substance makes up most of the core?
gas
iron
steam
ice
117
What casts a shadow during a lunar eclipse?
the Sun
the Moon and Earth together
the Moon
Earth
118
What makes moisture evaporate over oceans?
counterclockwise winds
energy from the sun
developing storms
high-pressure systems
119
The best way to view the Sun is...
through a camera.
indirectly.
with safety goggles.
with sunglasses.
120
In which part of the report should you tell whether or not the data supported the hypothesis?
procedures
conclusion
results
sources
