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Science 8 Final Exam Review
Science 8 Final Exam Review
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Final Exam review questions for 8th grade science
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1
Which of these is opposed by kinetic friction?
a cat standing in the yard
a child leaning on a building
a box sliding on a floor
a book sitting on a table
2
Which would NOT be a way to reduce friction?
using sandpaper
pouring sand on ice
using ball bearings
lubricating with oil
3
Which of the following substances can only be separated into simpler parts by chemical means?
gold
salt water
sodium
water
4
Most metals are
dull
bad conductors of electric current
not malleable
solid at room temperature.
5
Which of the following explains the difference between speed and velocity?
Velocity involves acceleration, and speed does not.
Velocity involves time, and speed does not.
Velocity has motion, and speed does not.
Velocity has direction, and speed does not.
6
Which of the following is the best definition of science?
process of memorizing answers about the natural world
the process of gathering knowledge about the ancient world
the process of reading the knowledge of the known world
the process of gathering knowledge about the natural world
7
At higher temperatures
particles in an object have less energy.
gas particles bump into walls less often
particles in an object move faster.
a gas contracts
8
Which of the following is NOT the result of a chemical change?
rusted metal
digested food
ground flour
soured milk
9
What must a good hypothesis be?
difficult
testable
correct
opinionated
10
A solution that contains a large amount of solute is best described as
insoluble
dilute
weak
concentrated
11
Air rushes into your lungs when you inhale because
a muscle moves upward and decreases the space in your chest.
pressure inside the lungs is higher than outside the body
it contains oxygen.
fluids flow from high pressure to areas of low pressure.
12
What are three common kinds of scientific models?
biological, chemical, mathematical
physical, psychological, conceptual
mathematical, chemical, physical
physical, mathematical, conceptual
13
Which of the following is a good safety rule to follow?
Pay attention to safety information and safety symbols.
Take shortcuts if there is no danger.
Follow the instructions, but feel free to modify them.
Read lab instructions, but change them if you want to.
14
What is the basic unit of length that a scientist is likely to use?
mile
foot
inch
meter
15
If you poured three liquids into a beaker, how could you tell which one is the densest liquid?
There is no way to tell which liquid is densest
The liquid that settles to the bottom is the densest liquid.
The liquid that is floating on top is the densest liquid.
The liquid with the deep red color is the densest liquid.
16
The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion
inertia
volume
weight
mass
17
All matter has mass
but only the Earth’s gravity affects matter.
but only the Earth’s and sun’s gravity affects matter.
and all mass is affected by gravity.
but objects with small masses are unaffected by gravity.
18
Which of the following statements is true about an object’s weight but NOT its mass?
It may vary depending on the object’s location.
It would be the same on the moon as it is on Earth.
It is a measure of the amount of matter in the object.
It is measured in kilograms (kg) or grams (g).
19
As the distance between two objects increases, the force of gravity between them
does not change
increases only slightly
increases greatly
decreases
20
Which of the following is the most important part of gathering knowledge in science?
asking questions
memorizing material
using the internet
looking up answers
21
Crystalline solids
may also be liquids
have particles in repeating pattern of rows
include glass and rubber
have particles that are not in a special arrangements.
22
When two or more elements join together chemically,
a substance that is the same as the elements is formed
a mixture is formed
a compound is formed
the physical properties of a substance remain the same
23
Which of the following are two factors that determine speed?
velocity and time
motion and time
acceleration and time
distance and time
24
The change of a liquid to a vapor throughout the liquid
freezing
boiling
evaporation
condensation
25
Which of the following is NOT an example of a physical change?
the explosion of fireworks
the melting of a Popsicle
the sanding of a piece of wood
the shaping of a gold bar
26
Which of the following statements about fluids is NOT true?
Some take the shape of their container
Particles move easily past each other
Liquids and gases are included
All can flow
27
What is the best way to tell if a chemical change has taken place?
The matter changes color.
The change is reversible.
A mixture separates into layers.
The composition changes.
28
A change in which energy is gained by a substance as it changes state
vapor pressure
melting
exothermic
endothermic
29
Which of the following is a chemical property of matter?
solubility
density
volume
reactivity
30
Balloons can be twisted into shapes because
particles of gas can be compressed.
the force exerted changes the number of particles
volume is measured in two dimensions
the volume of a gas is constant.
31
Which of these is opposed by static friction?
a dog running in a yard
a pencil rolling on a table
a worker pushing on a non-moving box
a chair sliding on a floor
32
Why are chemical properties harder to observe than physical properties?
Physical prop. describe the ability to change identity
Physical properties cannot be observed and measured.
Chemical prop. describe the ability to change identity
Chemical properties depend on the size of the sample.
33
What type of scientific model would best be used to describe the formation of galaxies?
psychological
conceptual
physical
chemical
34
The ability to be made into thin sheets is called
density
electrical conductivity
malleability
solubility
35
The change of state from a solid directly to a gas is called
condensation
melting
sublimation
freezing
36
Dalton believed that
atoms of different elements are the same.
most substances are made of atoms
atoms of the same element are exactly alike.
atoms can be divided.
37
The ability of a substance to dissolve is called
density
solubility
chemical change
malleability
38
When the net forces equal 0 N, they are which of the following?
unbalanced
a push
a pull
balanced
39
In which of the following activities is friction helpful?
car tires moving car forward
soil erosion
holes developing in your socks
engine parts wearing out
40
Which of the following most closely illustrates motion by relating it to a reference point?
the hands of a clock relative to the numbers on a clock
the speed of a bicycle relative to the direction of travel
the velocity change of a train relative to time
The distance a car traveled relative to the time of travel
41
Which of the following statements describes elements?
elements can be broken down into simpler substances.
Elements cannot be joined together in chemical reactions.
Elements have unique sets of properties.
All of the particles in the same element are different.
42
What is matter?
the "stuff" that matters
the "stuff" that everything is made of
The ability to do work
the "stuff" that is light enough to float
43
Periodic
means
happening three or four times a year
happening frequently
happening at regular intervals
happening very rarely
44
In a solid, the particles
vibrate in place
overcome the strong attraction between them.
move independently of one another
slide past one another
45
An element that is shiny and conducts heat and electricity well, is a(n)
nobel gas
metal
halogen
nonmetal
46
Which of the following is a good way to analyze data?
Ignore it for a while to see if it makes more sense later
Organize the data, and do calculations if necessary
Check it over, and then copy it.
Try to find some way to make it support your hypothesis
47
What is the machine that separates mixtures by the densities of the compounds?
concentration
refrigerator
centrifuge
distillation
48
Which of the following determines the net force acting on an object?
combination of forces acting on an object in two directions
a combination of all forces acting on an object
a combination of all motions of an object in two directions
a combination of all motions of an object
49
Before asking questions, what is a scientist likely to do?
make answers that work
make necessary arrangements
make reservations
make observations
50
A property of an element that does not depend on the amount of the element is called a(n)
electromagnetic property
finite property
characteristic property
unique property
51
What makes characteristic properties useful to scientists?
They are easy to observe and measure.
They can be either physical or chemical.
They can be used to identify matter.
Sample size does not matter.
52
What is energy?
power from the sun
matter in motion
the ability to do work?
fossil fuels
53
The curve at a liquid’s surface is its
inertia
volume
mass
meniscus
54
What is the ability of a substance to burn known as?
flammability
physical change
reactivity
burnability
55
Atom w/ same # of protons as other atoms of the same element
but
a diff. # of neutrons is
an electron
a strong force
an isotope
an ion
56
Which are the two factors that determine the amount of friction?
the force and the weight exerted on the surfaces
the force and the roughness of the surfaces
hills and valleys and the roughness of the surfaces
the force and how much surfaces come in contact
57
Where are electrons likely to be found?
the nucleus
paths or energy levels
mixed throughout the atom
electron clouds
58
Which of the following does NOT describe weight?
changes as gravitational force changes
is a measure of gravitational force
can be measured in newtons
is constant everywhere in the universe
59
The substance in which a solute dissolves is a
solute
solvent
mixture
colloid
60
Boiling point, melting point, and density are some of an element’s
chemical properties
pure properties
physical properties
nonreactive properties
61
After an investigation, what should you do if your results do not support your hypothesis?
Change the topic you are studying
Buy new measurement tools.
Repeat your investigation, then change your hypothesis
Repeat investigation results support the original hypothesis
62
The smallest particle into which an element can be divided & still be the same substance is
an atom
an electron
a nucleus
a neutron
63
In science, what is a scientific theory?
an explanation for many questions and answers
the best idea to explain a hypothesis
the first idea to explain an observation
an explanation for many hypotheses and observations
64
Why is the International System of Units important?
It helps to promote good relations among countries
It's used by countries competing for scientific knowledge
It is based on the number 10 and is used by most scientists.
It's easy to use and keeps data confidential with it.
65
What type of scientific model could best be used to represent a molecule?
biological
physical
psychological
chemical
66
Term for a mixture made of tiny particles that between a suspension and a solution
concentration
colloid
solution
mixture
67
When air is pumped into a tire,
the air particles slow down.
the air takes up less space.
the force per unit area increases.
the number of pascals decreases.
68
Which of the following choices best represents force?
a push or a pull always causing acceleration
a push or a pull acting without an object
a push or a pull acting on an object
a push or a pull always causing motion
69
A subatomic particle that has a positive charge
electron
proton
neutron
ion
70
In which classification of matter are components chemically combined?
a compound
a suspension
a solution
a colloid
71
process that separates mixtures based on their boiling points is known as:
centrifuge
suspension
distillation
solubility
72
Nonmetal that forms a wide variety of compounds, such as proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.
aluminum
sodium
oxygen
carbon
73
Represents the sum of protons in the nucleus of an atom…
atomic number
the nucleus
mass number
electron cloud
74
Each vertical column on the periodic table is called a(n)
property
element
period
group
75
A change in the form of a substance that does not change its identity is
chemical change
density
solubility
physical change
76
The larger an object’s mass, the
smaller its volume
smaller its inertia
larger its volume
larger its inertia
77
The combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined is a
mixture
solution
colloid
concentration
78
The elements to the right of the zigzag line on the periodic table are called
metalloids
metals
nonmetals
conductors
79
The change of state from a gas to a liquid
boiling
Condensation
melting
evaporation
80
Which of the following units would you use to express the volume of an irregular solid?
newtons (N)
liters (L)
cubic centimeters (cm3)
mililiters (mL)
81
Which of the following statements is NOT true of atoms and molecules?
They are found in all matter
They never bump into each other
They are always in motion
They are tiny particles
82
Unreactive nonmetals that do not react with other elements under normal conditions.
noble gases
halogens
alkali metals
lanthanides
83
Water pressure
is less than air pressure for the same volume
decreases with depth.
is about twice as much on a diver at 10 m as at the surface.
is unaffected by atmospheric pressure
84
A suspension is:
ability of a substance to dissolve in another
amount of substance in a given vol. of a mixture or solution
tiny particles that are between solutions and suspensions
particles throughout a liquid/gas and large enough to settle
85
Represents the sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom…
atomic number
electron number
ionic number
mass number
86
Very reactive nonmetal
halogen
transition metals
actinide
lanthanide
87
The force of gravity
is not related to the mass of the objects.
is related to weight of the objects.
is related to the mass of the objects.
is only related to the mass of large objects.
88
What kind of changes in substances are always physical changes?
changes of state from solid to liquid to gas and back
changes that change the density of the substances
changes that result in new substances being formed
changes that change the identity of the substances
89
Metals that are so reactive that in nature they are found only combined w/ other elements
alkaline-earth metals
transition metals
alkali metals
actinides
90
Compounds found in all living things include
mercury oxides
carbonic acids
proteins
ammonia
91
The most common element in Group 13, the Boron Group.
oxygen
carbon
aluminum
boron
92
What is a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact?
friction
velocity
motion
acceleration
93
Which of the following always causes change in speed, direction, or both?
balanced forces
any combination of forces
either balanced or unbalanced forces
unbalanced forces
94
Which of the following causes an object to start moving?
any combination of forces
balanced forces
unbalanced forces
either balanced or unbalanced forces
95
What is a scientific model?
an exact representation made of similar material
a representation of an object or system
a familiar copy of an object
a representation of an object, but smaller
96
Which of the following best represents acceleration as presented on a graph?
distance change vs. time
velocity change vs. time
motion change vs. time
speed change vs. time
97
How would you describe the nucleus?
tiny, negatively charged
dense, negatively charged
dense, positively charged
large, positively charged
98
The substance that dissolves in a solvent is a
solvent
mixture
solute
colloid
99
What happens to an object with a density less than water when it is placed in water?
The object displaces water greater than its volume.
The object floats on top of the water.
The object sinks about halfway into the water.
The object settles to the bottom of the water.
100
The change for state from liquid to a solid
evaporation
freezing
boiling
condensation
101
Which of the following will NOT break down compounds?
a chemical change
heat
electric current
filtering
102
A gas
has particles that are always close together.
has a definite volume but no definite shape.
has fast-moving particles
has a definite shape but no definite volume.
103
Periodic law states that
elements are either gases, solids, or liquids.
elements' properties change w/ the elements’ atomic numbers.
some elements stay in a liquid state only for short periods.
mercury is a liquid at room temperature.
104
The nitrogen, oxygen, and other gases surrounding Earth
exert pressure only at sea level.
are pulled toward Earth by gravity.
are found mainly near the outer edge of the atmosphere.
exert pressure that works against atmospheric pressure.
105
What is the name of the process of that causes substances to change into new substances?
reaction
physical change
flammability
chemical change
106
What equation would you use to find the volume of a rectangular box?
volume = length X width X height
volume = length + height
volume = length + width + height
volume = length X width
107
What are the two main branches of physical science?
chemistry and physics
biology and physics
chemistry and biology
geology and chemistry
108
What are scientific methods?
the steps scientists use to look up the answers to questions
steps scientists use to answer questions and cause problems
steps scientists use to answer questions and solve problems
the steps scientists use to ensure a hypothesis is supported
109
What are some tools used to collect and analyze scientific data?
scissors, meterstick, calculator, paper clip
thermometer, drill, computer, screwdriver
meterstick, balance, thermometer, computer
calculator, computer, printer, scanner
110
Which of the following does NOT describe mass?
is a measure of gravitational force
remains constant
is a measure of matter
is measured in kilograms
111
How do elements join to form compounds
as the scientist plans it
in a specific mass ratio
randomly
in a ration of 1 to 8
112
According to Charle's Law
increasing temperature on gas causes volume to increase.
increasing temperature on gas causes pressure to increase.
decreasing temp on gas causes pressure on molec.to decrease.
decreasing temperature of gas causes the volume to increase.
113
Boyle’s law states that for a fixed amount of gas
@ const. temp, vol & temp are directly proportional
volume & pressure are inversely proportional @ const. temp
@ const. pressure, vol of gas is indirectly related to temp
@ const. pressure, vol. of gas is directly related to temp
114
The physical properties of compounds do NOT include
density
color
reaction to light
melting point
