The Downs Model / Rational Choice Model explains

why we don't have radical parties in the US

What constitutes a "diversity citizenship" case?

civil suits from those in different states over $75000

The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?

the part that said you can't fund your own campaign

Why are state party operations so critical to presidential candidates?

They know the election laws in that state

What fact might indicate that an incumbent is in a tight reelection race?

they increase campaign spending

If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably

moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date

How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?

They are longer, more exspensive and more common

All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?

a debate between the two leading candidates

How do slander and libel differ as forms of defamation?

slander is spoken and libel is written

All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT

the whole process takes one day

After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?

the press became a "watchdog" on the government

Why did Eisenhower say that his appointment of Earl Warren was a mistake?

He "flipped" to the liberal side

What is the typical relationship between elected officials, party loyalty and constituents?

Their loyalty depends on saliency of the issue

What prevents the press form being too "tough" on the government and officials?

they need access to government officials

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AP Gov Review Flashcards | StudBud

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Questions 340

Answers

1
If you are a state or local official, which of the following are you the most excited about?
enumerated powers
categorical grants
block grants
unfunded madates
2
Conservative or liberal? Increase regulations to protect the environment.
liberal
conservative
3
What president failed in his efforts to "pack" the Supreme Court with 6 more justices?
Teddy Roosevelt
Franklin Roosevelt
Richard Nixon
John Kennedy
4
The Downs Model / Rational Choice Model explains
Why third parties tend to fail
why we don't have radical parties in the US
Why we have two parties
why we have polarization
5
What constitutes a "diversity citizenship" case?
admiralty and maritime law
naturalization
bankruptcy supervision
civil suits from those in different states over $75000
6
You must prove you have been directly affected to prove that you have this in court
standing
legitimacy
jurisprudence
representation
7
The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?
the part that said you must take public funding
the part that banned hard money
the part that said you can't fund your own campaign
the part that banned soft money
8
Conservative or liberal? Provide a "path to citizenship" for law-abiding illegal immigrants.
liberal
conservative
9
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Put a cap on malpractice lawsuits.
Democrat
Republican
10
Why are state party operations so critical to presidential candidates?
They know the election laws in that state
They provide endorsements
They do polling
They raise most of the money
11
What fact might indicate that an incumbent is in a tight reelection race?
They are avoiding media attention
they increase campaign spending
they are taking clear positions on issues
they participate in debates
12
Time, manner and place restrictions to preserve public order relate to the right to
assemble
vote
pray
free speech
13
If the Supreme Court wants to hear a case, they issue a /an
a warrant
oral argument
writ of certiori
opinion
14
What action is Congress's best "tool" for countering judicial activism?
legislation
amendements
impeachment
regulations
15
What article of the Constitution explains the judicial branch?
Article IV
Article II
Article I
Article III
16
Another term for prior restraint is
censorship
warrant
subpoena
arrest
17
Why does the "Responsible Party Model" work better in Europe than in the U.S.?
They have more party cohesion
Their parties are more organized
They have elections more often
They have more parties
18
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 defined ___________________ as a form of discrimination.
exclusion
accommodation
inaccessibility
disability
19
What case said the 14th amendment could extend civil liberties protections to the state level?
Gitlow v. New York
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Schenk v. the United States
Engel v. Vitale
20
In what type of primaries can voters vote for different parties on the same ballot?
blanket
closed
bicameral
open
21
If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably
making it harder to get on the ballot
making it easier to register to vote
moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date
giving free tv time to candidates
22
All of the following are tasks of political parties EXCEPT
run polls on election day
coordinate campaigns
pick candidates
articulate policies
23
How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?
They are faster, cheaper, and less common
They are longer, more exspensive and more common
They are shorter but more expensive
They are longer but cheaper
24
How many justices serve on the Supreme Court?
11
7
9
10
25
People and groups who have a perspective on a case, but are not directly involved, can
hire lobbyists
testify
file amicus curiae briefs
obtain standing
26
All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?
a debate between the two leading candidates
candidate nomination
the writing of the party platform
a speech by the Vice Presidential nominee
27
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
pay dues
think they are in it
register
attend meetings
28
All of the following are ADMINISTRATIVE functions of the President EXCEPT
fill vacancies
nominate officials
execute the law
issue pardons
29
How do slander and libel differ as forms of defamation?
slander is a misdemeanor and libel is a felony
slander is spoken and libel is written
libel concerns a group and skander an indiviidual
libel in spoken and slander is written
30
This amendment protects states from lawsuits from people not living in the state.
10th
11th
9th
12th
31
What case established broadcasting can be regulated at a higher standard than newspapers?
Miller v, California
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
NY Times v. Sullivan
Texas v. Johnson
32
All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT
they were a tool of party machines and bosses in the past
Only 12 states hold them
the whole process takes one day
the most fanous ones are in Iowa
33
What court cased ruling established that arbitrary gender discrimination is unlawful?
Reed v. Reed
Shaw v. Hunt
Santa Clara v. Martinez
Shaw v. Reno
34
What court case established the "hostile environment" standard for sexual harassment cases?
Reed v. Reed
Playboy Entertainment v. United States
Employment Division v. Smith
Harris v. Forklift Systems
35
Uncontrollable expenditures result from
tax loopholes
tax indexing
deficit spending
entitlements
36
After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?
the press became more deferentail to the legislative power
the press became more protective of the president
the press became a "watchdog" on the government
the press became apathetic towards the government
37
What would be an effect of the U.S. adopting a unitary form of government instead of federal?
no states would exist
more uniformity
direct democracy
more powerful states
38
In the 1830s, the Supreme Court ruled in Barron v. Baltimore that the Bill of Rights restrained
all governments in the US
the state governments
only the executive power
only the federal government
39
Why did Eisenhower say that his appointment of Earl Warren was a mistake?
He criticized Ike's response to the Little Rock Crisis
He "flipped" to the liberal side
He "flipped" to the conservative side
He stepped down after 3 years
40
What two multimillionaires dominated the press in the late 1800s, producing yellow journalism?
Cooper and Flanigan
Hearst and Pulitzer
Smith and Wesson
Raymour and Flanigan
41
What branch can create "inferior courts" of the federal system?
Legislative
Executive
Judicial
Bureaucracy
42
Checks & balances, separation of powers & federalism insure that change in the US will be
through consesnsus
slow and deliberate
impossible
speedy and swift
43
What is the typical relationship between elected officials, party loyalty and constituents?
Their loyalty depends on saliency of the issue
Officials put their constituents before their party
none of the above
Officials put party loyalty before their constituents
44
Which article of the Constitution outlines the amendment process?
Article III
Article VI
Article IV
Article V
45
What prevents the press form being too "tough" on the government and officials?
They are inherently patriotic
they need access to government officials
they are liberal biased towards government intervention
They might alienate viewers
46
In what part of the Constitution are political parties discussed?
Article III
Article V
Article II
No part
47
Which amendment says powers not granted to the federal government are retained by the states?
10th
8th
12th
11th
48
What IS and what is NOT present in a Court of Appeals trial?
5 judges, juries
attorneys, judges
3 judges, witnesses
4 judges, law fairies
49
What branch of the federal government MAY be involved in amending the Constitution?
The Executive
The Judicial
The Bureaucracy
The Legislative
50
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Republican
Democrat
51
In the legislative process, what type of laws must originate in the House of Representatives?
taxation bills
creating courts
declaring war
treaty approval
52
What is the only presidential foreign policy action that is self executing?
waging war
diplomatic recognition
appointing ambassadors
executive agreements
53
House or Senate? Holds impeachment trials.
House
Both
Neither
Senate
54
If a case is decided as "stare decisis" , what does that mean?
they tied
they were unanimous
they want to lower courts to retry it
they defer to the lower court ruling
55
Case that said laws not aimed at religious interference but that have that affect are ok
Employment Division v. Smith
Engel v. Vitale
Barron v. Baltimore
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg
56
How many levels are the federal court system?
five
four
three
two
57
All of the following indicate an intention to return power to the states from the feds EXCEPT
nullification
devolution
extradition
Nixon's New Federalismj
58
Teacher led prayers violate the
due process clause
no establishment clause
equal protectiion clause
free exercise clause
59
Which amendment banned alcohol in the U.S.?
18th
25th
21st
19th
60
This program provides pensions for the handicapped, orphaned, blind and elderly
Social Security
Medicare
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
Medicaid
61
All of the following increase the likelihood of voting EXCEPT
being female
being wealthy
being educated
being young
62
For a case to be heard by the Supreme Court, how many justices must vote to accept it?
6
4
5
7
63
Which of the following is not one of the purposes mentioned in the Preamble?
provide for the general welfare
ensure domestic tranquility
establish justice
due process
64
What law requires Congressional approval to deploy troops for more than 60 days?
The Geneva Convention
The Patriot Act
The War Powers Resolution
The Enduring Freedom Act
65
What part of the 14th amendment allows selective incorporation of civil liberties protections?
the equal protection clause
the due process clause
the elastic clause
the necessary and propoer clause
66
The following plans / compromises are evident in the ratified Constitution except which one?
Slave Trade
3/5 Compromise
Virginia Plan
Connecticut
67
Unstated powers that are logically delegated to Congress and the president are called . . .
enumerated
supremacy powers
reserved
inherent
68
What portion of the 14th amendment is the basis for civil rights protections in the US?
elastic clause
the due process clause
the equal protection clause
the free exercise clause
69
Thanks to the 22nd amendment, the President is now inaugurated in this month.
December
January
March
February
70
When is a party usually most cohesive in terms of voting as a bloc?
leadership votes
when declaring war
impeachment
domestic issues
71
Why are federal elected officials often referred to as "generalists"?
They know a little about many subjects.
They know a lot about a few subjects.
They have the most expansive powers.
They favor military solutions in most cases.
72
What gov't agency makes sure that commercial speech is truthful & concerns lawful activity?
Interstate Commerce Commission
Securities and Exchange
Federal Reserve
Federal Trade Commission
73
If a legislature declares a whole group of people to be criminals, that is called a _______?
ex post facto law
de facto prosecution
extradition
bill of attainder
74
What do legislators get out of iron triangles?
increased staff
seniority in committee assignments
expanded budget authority
support from interest groups
75
Which of the following can the President do?
Declare war
Initiate laws
Initiate constitutional amendments
veto laws
76
During the Clinton administration, government spending was addressed by "offsets" meaning
savings from making cuts are converted to tax cuts
estate taxes would be raised each time spending went up
increased spending in one area must be offset by cuts
department budgets would all be cut to zero and built back
77
A hierarchical organizational chart of a party with chairperson at top & candidates at bottom
may be ideal but isn't realistic
iis accurate
shows that party strength is on the rise
iis a requirement in a democracy
78
How did local party bosses win support and loyalty to their party in the past?
advertising
providing government services
patronage
voter fraud
79
The model where you elect someone and expect them to use their judgement when voting is the
agency model
instructed delegate model
politico model
trustee model
80
Which of the following is true of the bureaucracy?
10% is appointed by the President after inauguration
Military personnel make up the largest segment
Salaries for federal employees is variable and unpredictable
It has grown sharply since the 1970s
81
Civil liberties protections for all citizens are based on
The Bill of Rights
the Preamble
The Declaration of Independence
the 14th amendment
82
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Subsidize renewable energy development.
Republican
Democrat
83
Implied powers were upheld when the courts approved the national bank as a result of what case?
Marbury v. Madison
McCullough v. Maryland
Gibbons v. Ogden
Fletcher v. Peck
84
Executive agreements are like treaties in which of the following ways?
They need UN approval
They need Senate approval
They are binding for the next President
They indicate the President's intentions
85
All of the elements below are part of iron triangles EXCEPT
interest groups
legilslators
bureaucrats
the President
86
What percentage / fraction of the Senate must approve treaties for them to become law?
unanimous
3/4
51%
2/3
87
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Increase taxes on the wealthy.
conservative
liberal
88
Franking is
Illegal
Unregulated
a privilege granted to US elected officials
a duty given to US elected officials
89
The Schechter Poultry v. U.S. case ruled that
The federal government was regulating trade within states
government regulation is illegal
the stock market must be reformed
farm subsidies are illegal
90
What fraction of state legislatures/ conventions must approve of all Constitutional amendmentS?
1/2
2/3
100%
3/4
91
What political philosopher most inspired the writing of the Declaration?
Montesquieu
Thomas Hobbes
Adam Smith
John Locke
92
What was the first form of mass media?
radio
daily newspapers
telegraph
television
93
What Republican attracted white southerners to the Republican party with his Southern Strategy?
Goldwater
Nixon
H.W. Bush
Reagan
94
Whst American president is credited with inventing campaigning & inspiring "loyal opposition"?
Alexander Hamilton
Thomas Jefferson
William McKinley
Andrew Jackson
95
This amendment eliminated the poll tax
25th
22nd
24th
23rd
96
How is the Congressional Budget Office different from the GAO?
The CBO provides estimates for budgeting purposes
The CBO is a partisan organization
The CBO is a watchdog on the GAO
The CBO is part of the Federal Reserve
97
What is a common outcome of lack of party cohesion?
separation of powers
runaway spending
rapid passage of laws
voter apathy
98
This amendment gave black males the right to vote
13th
14th
15th
12th
99
If the President cannot get his judges approved by the Senate, what is his/her other option?
a recess appointment
a veto war
executive order
shrink the # of courts
100
The significance of campaign strategy
is generally overstated
is often underestimated
is that it sets the policy agenda
is that it typically converts voters
101
When judges are accused of letting their personal views shape decisions, unconstitutionally:
strict constructionism
judicial restraint
judicial activism
due process
102
The court case that broadly defined Congress' ability to control trade between states was
McCullough v. Maryland
Giibbons v. Ogden
Dartmouth v. Woodward
Fletcher v. Peck
103
What indicator is most significantly correlated with presidential approval ratings?
character ratings
gold medals earned by the US at the Olympics
foreign policy achievements
economic indicators
104
What type of communication is most likely to discuss a candidate's positions on the issues?
tv ads
interviews with media
the nightly news
a poll
105
Which of the following type of voter is least common?
groups benefits
nature of the times
low information
idealogues
106
What is the President's main check on judicial power?
judicial review
file amicus curiae briefs
judge appointments
impeachment
107
This case ruled the gov't. can't require private organizations to turn over membership lists
Miranda v. Arizona
NAACP v. Alabama
Gregg v. Georgia
Mapp v. Ohio
108
What is the primary reason third parties do not succeed longterm?
voter apathy
state requirementa to get on the ballpt
campaign funding laws
the winner take all system
109
All of the following are new realities of the budget process due to polarization EXCEPT?
fiscal cliffs
omnibus bills
authorization bills
government shutdowns
110
What is the President's primary role in national security?
Party Leader
Reprieves and pardons
UN Ambassador
Commander in Chief
111
Which of the following Constitutional principles insures we are not a confederation?
supremacy clause
elastic clause
limited government
implied powers
112
The Department of Homeland Security, Education, Health and Human Services are all examples of
Independent Executive Agencies
Cabinet positions
Government Corporations
Independent Regulatory Agencies
113
What was the goal of the McGovern-Fraser Commission in the 1960s?
to make delegate selection more democratic
to regulate campaign finance
to eliminate caucuses in favor of primaries
to streamline platform writing
114
The National Labor Relations Board, Fed. Communications Commission and SEC are examples of
Cabinet positions
Government Corporations
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Independent Executive Agencies
115
This law said suspected terrorists can be wiretapped and residences searched without notice
Protect America Act
Wikileaks Act
Patriot Act
Freedom Act
116
All of the following are purposes of national conventions now EXCEPT
to officially nominate a candidate
to debate policy openly
to energize the party faithful
to advertise the candidate
117
What type of polls are candidates LEAST likely to use?
exit poLling
key word / phrasing polls
push polls
voter perception
118
The power to determine voting requirements and election procedures is held by
the states
the President
the Congress
the courts
119
What part of the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination in federally funded programs?
Title XX
Title V
Title IX
Title XI
120
In 1972, what constitutional amendment failed to be ratified?
Fuel Independence
Gay Rights
Tutle IX
The Equal Rights Amendment
121
All of the following are ways the President might achieve a policy without passing a law EXCEPT
executive agreements
veto override
selective enforcement
executive orders
122
This amendment provided for the direct election of senators.
16th
19th
18th
17th
123
Tha patronage system was reformed by what law that requires civil service exams?
The Stalwart Law
Hatch Act
Pendleton Act
The McKinley Act
124
Where is judicial review "covered" in the Constitution?
It's not
Article III
Article I
Article VI
125
What agency insures that employees are allowed to organize labor unions?
NLRB
SEC
FTC
ICC
126
Which courts have original jurisdiction in some cases?
Supreme and Appeals
Supreme and District
District and Appeals
District only
127
All of the following were intended to limit black voting EXCEPT
grandfather clauses
poll taxes
primaries
literacy tests
128
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
19th
18th
17th
20th
129
When does a federal judge leave office?
after a no confidence vote
After 5 years
when they choose or die
After 10 years
130
This amendment clarified presidential succession should the President be ill but not dead.
26th
23rd
24th
25th
131
What case declared that the accused must be read their rights upon custodial interrogation?
Escobedo v. Illinois
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
132
Which amendment provided for an income tax?
15th
10th
16th
12th
133
Nixon's efforts to cut spending by refusing to spend money allocated by Congress was called
fiscal cliff
sequestration
budget resolution
impoundment
134
What does it mean when a candidate is being "vetted"?
They are being nominated
They are fiundraising
They are being prepped for a debate
They are being fully "checked out" for any problems
135
Which chief justice (appointed by Nixon) upheld abortion & ruled against him in U.S. v. Nixon?
John Roberts
William Rehnquist
Warren Burger
Earl Warren
136
What type of primary do political parties like best?
open
closed
blanket
unicameral
137
The United States government is accurately described as
an autocracy
a republic
a unitary federation
a democracy
138
All the following constitutionally "bind" states EXCEPT
privileges and immunities protections
dual federalism
full faith and credit clause
extradition
139
"Pork"and "earmarks" are nicknames for
federally funded projects that benefit a small group/region
legislation that has wide appeal
retiring officials that become lobbyists
legislation related to agricultural subsidies
140
What text says, "We hold these truths to be self evident. . . all men are created equal . . "?
The Declaration of Independence
The Gettysburg Address
Common Sense
The Constitution
141
Why is it relatively hard to hire federal employees?
It is hard to find new people willing to take the exams
They have due process rights and cannot be fired w/o proof
They generally quit before they can be fired
They cycle out after each presidential election
142
The advisor(s) with the least loyalty to the President tend to be
White House Staff
The cabinet
The Executive Offices
the Vice President
143
Which of the following is true of Political Action Committees (PACS)?
their donors can remain anonymous
they tend to support incumbents
There are limits to how much they can accept from any person
They coordinate closely with their candidate
144
All of the following tend to happen as you age EXCEPT
You vote for Democrats
you get more conservative
you attend to the news
you vote more
145
Media tends to be biased in all the following ways EXCEPT?
They focus on odd/ unusual
they focus on issues
They focus on individuals
they tend to be liberal
146
What has led to a drop in the competitiveness of districts & a decline in contested elections?
gerrymandering
polarization
electioneering
filibustering
147
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
Schenk v. the United States
NY Times v. Sullivan
148
Why did Antifederalists oppose the Constitution?
They feared a strong federal government
They felt the Bill of Rights was flawed
They wanted a democracy
They felt the states were too powerful
149
This case ruled that women have a right to an abortion in the 1st trimester without restriction
Griswold v. Connecticut
Roe v. Wade
Gideon v. Wainwright
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
150
How many justices must concur with an opinion for it to be considered precedent setting?
4
5
7
6
151
Which of the following is an example of a beat?
narrowcast
politics
newscast
press conference
152
What case established that speech can be banned that poses a "clear and present" danger?
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
NY Times v. Sullivan
Schenk v. the United States
153
What is the driving focus of organization and action in local political party orgs today?
polling and policy positions
information management and mobilization
patronage
converting voters
154
Who makes up the interpreting population for the court system?
lawyers and judges
police officers & teachers
criminals
attorneys
155
What is the largest source of revenue coming into the US government?
Corporate taxes
Fuel taxes
Income taxes
Tariffs
156
NASA, National Science Foundation & General Services are all examples of
Cabinet positions
Independent Executive Agencies
Government Corporations
Independent Regulatory Agencies
157
Third parties serve all of the following functions EXCEPT
inject new issues into the policy agenda
motivate more people to vote
safety valve for popular discontent
make elections less volatile
158
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
pay dues
think they are in it
attend meetings
register
159
Habeus Corpus rights were at first denied to hundreds of suspected terrorists being held at
Alcatraz
Guantanamo
San Quentin
Los Alamos
160
House or Senate? Committee assignments are based on seniority.
Neither
Senate
Both
House
161
Interest groups and political parties differ in that
political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected
Parties have legislative goals
political parties offer selective benefits
political parties are involved in electioneering
162
What case ruled that congressional districts must be drawn to have equal #s of people in them?
Swann v . Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
Baker v. Carr
163
All of the following are a types of third parties we have seen in US politics EXCEPT
revolutionary
issue / cause
splinter
popular person-based
164
Under the Articles of Confederation, what power did the federal government have?
negotiate treaties
to create courts
to regulate interstate trade
to tax
165
Who was the 1st US President to control the press by controlling info and staying on message?
Reagan
H,W. Bush
Clinton
W. Bush
166
Incrementalism in the budget process leads to
inevitable growth in budgets
budget reconciliation
the military industrial complex
delays / slow budget negotiations
167
What court ruling upheld using race as part of a holistic assessment in admissions decisions?
Fisher v.University of Texas
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Grutter v. Bollinger
168
Who are the litigants in a case?
the members of the jury
the plaintiff and defendent
the lawyers
the judges
169
House or Senate? Allows floor amendments.
Senate
House
170
What federal agency oversees all hiring, providing 3 candidates to the hiring agency?
The Bureaucratic Management Agency
National Labor Relations Board
The Civil Service Commission
The Office of Personnel Management
171
According to Max Weber, all of the following are characteristics of bureaucracies EXCEPT
chain of command
division of labor
promotion based on merit
reliance on technology
172
What is the primary reason some states have more delegates than others at the convention?
they raise the most money for the party
they have the most registered party members
they have a larger population
They more reliably vote for the party
173
The Supreme Court has had original jurisdiction in all the following cases EXCEPT
between the US and states
between 2 or more states
between a state and a country
capital punishment cases
174
What court ruling banned the use of quotas in university admissions?
Fisher v.University of Texas
Snyder v. Phelps
Texas v. Johnson
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
175
These type of protesters have distance restrictions and cannot picket private residences:
zoning
abortion
school
police
176
Expanded influence of the feds over the states through funding is called . . .
incumbency
fiscal policy
concurrent powers
fiscal federalism
177
To hold what federal office must you have been a citizen for 7 years?
U.S. Judge
U.S. Senator
U.S. Representative
U.S. President
178
What case established the media can make incorrect claims as long as they didn't intend harm?
Texas v. Johnson
NY Times v. Sullivan
Miller v. California
Schenk v. the United States
179
McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT
barred issue ads by outside groups before an election
increased the amount individuals to donate to candidates
eliminated the public funding option
required reporting of PAC contributions
180
According to the Constitution you must be at least 30 years old to hold what office?
U.S. Judge
U.S. Representative
U.S. Senator
U.S. President
181
Which of the following is true of 527 groups?
They coordinate closely with candidates
they produce issue ads
They are for profit taxable organizations
they disclose the names of contributors
182
Our nation's first government was a / an _________________.
union
confederation
unitary democracy
direct democracy
183
What was the ruling in Korematsu v. The United States?
Internment of people of Japanese ancestry is constitutional
Internment of Japanese US citizens is unconstitutional
Germans and Italians should also be interned
People of Japanese ancestry born in the US are not citizens
184
The largest portion of DISCRETIONARY federal spending goes to
education
foreign aid
defense
medicare
185
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
age
gender
race
sexual orientation
186
Through what court case did John Marshall claim for the court the power of judicial review?
Marbury v. Madison
Gibbons v. Ogden
McCullough v. Maryland
U.S. v. Lopez
187
Who determines the method and timing of delegate selection?
the Suoreme Court
the voters through referendum
the U.S. Congress
the states
188
The President must have the advice and consent of the Senate to make treaties and __________.
declare war
appointments
tax
veto
189
All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT
a program to publicly fund campaigns was started
limited contributions
required reporting of income/spending
required candidtes to take public funds
190
This 1857 case ruled that blacks were not citizens and slaves were property.
Reynolds v. United States
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Griswold v. Connecticut
Plessy v. Ferguson
191
Strict constructionists seek to understand or discern
judicial activism
free exercise
inherent powers
original intent
192
The 3 part test for government acting according to the establishment clause was established in
Miller v. California
Engel v. Vitale
Employment Division v. Smith
Lemon v. Kutzman
193
This 1971 case ruled that busing was an acceptable remedy to desegregate schools
Plessy v. Ferguson
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
194
What was the most "democratic" institution established by our founders?
The Senaste
The House of Representatives
The Electoral College
The President
195
What is casework?
Preparation for committee hearings
research Congressional staffers do for committees
Constituent services
How a lawyer prepares for trial
196
Controlling for education and wealth, who is more likely to vote?
black Americans
white Americans
197
This case ruled the government must provide an attorney if a suspect cannot afford one
Mapp v. Ohio
NAACP v. Alabama
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
198
This case limited federal power by ruling that the feds couldn't designate "gun free zones"
Butler v. U.S.
U.S. v. Lopez
U.S. v. Nixon
Schechter Poultry v. U.S.
199
The effect of iron triangles is typically
socialism
elitism
pluralism
hyperpluralism
200
Voters registered as independents are positively correlated with what behavior?
protesting
fundraising
voting
ticket-splitting
201
House or Senate? Small states are disproportionately represented.
Both
Neither
House
Senate
202
How has TV coverage of conventions changed over time?
It is nonexistent
it is shorter
It is longer
It is more in depth
203
What case est. that the least restrictive remedy must be used when limiting adult programming?
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
NY Times v. Sullivan
Texas v. Johnson
United States v. Playboy Entertainment
204
House or Senate? Has standing committees..
House
Neither
Both
Senate
205
What was evident after the Kennedy v. Nixon debates in 1960?
The Conservative Era was over
the effect of television on politics would be minimal
politicians must take clear positions on issues
physical attractiveness could impact electoral success
206
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 bans discrimination based on all the following criteria EXCEPT
gender
race
age
religion
207
Which of the following is true of Supreme Court opinions?
They must be unaninmous
they are either concurring or dissenting
They must meet the standard of stare decisis
All are written by the Chief Justice
208
The fact that Congress initiates laws is an example of . . .
checks and balances
separation of power
limited government
judicial review
209
How long do national party conventions typically last?
1 day
1 week
4 days
3 days
210
A trial balloon is usually preceded by a
scandal
interview
leak
beat
211
The two models of organization for White House Staff are hiearchical and
circular
solar
flat
wheel and spoke
212
What's the remedy if each house of Congress has passed a similar but not identical bill?
caucus
joint committee
conference committee
casework
213
All of the following would make approval of a Supreme Court nominee more difficult EXCEPT
The Senate and President are from different parties
it is the end of the President's second term
the nominee is relatively unknown
the nominee is older
214
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Protect the life of the unborn.
liberal
conservative
215
These were the first two political parties in the United States.
Federalists and Democratic Republicans
Democrats and Whigs
Know Nothings and Whigs
Republicans and Democrats
216
This amendment limits the U.S. President to two terms.
21st
20th
22nd
23rd
217
Discrimination based on ________________ requires the "reasonable / lowest scrutiny" standard.
religion
age
gender
race
218
What party did Abraham Lincoln found?
Whig
Republican
Know Nothing
Democrat
219
What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?
They have less trust in the governmnt
They have voted more often
they have become more informed
they have become more ideological
220
What congressional office regulates the spending of public funds?
The Federal Reserve
The Bean Counting Patrol
The General Accounting Office
The Congressional Budget Office
221
What aspect of campaigns gets the most media attention?
fundraising
policy positions
the candidate's voting record
"horserace" coverage
222
Empty question
223
All of the following are cases that upheld the death penalty EXCEPT
McClesky v. Kemp
Furman v. Georgia
Griswold v. Connecticut
Gregg v. Georgia
224
What do bureaucrats get out of iron triangles?
lobbyists
less red tape
more authority and bigger budgets
endorsements
225
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "medium scrutiny" standard.
race
religion
wealth
gender
226
This amendment ended slavery
12th
15th
14th
13th
227
What do habeus corpus protections protect you against?
treason charges
quartering troops in your home
unlawful searches
unlawful imprisonment
228
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
229
All of the following are true of primaries EXCEPT?
Voters physically meet and discuss candidates
states have them on different dates
they are more common than caucuses
there is a ballot
230
An incumbent
is running for re-election
has a hareder time raising money
is seeking office for the first time
has a 50% chance of being successful.
231
All of the following are true about impeachment EXCEPT
The chief Justice oversees the trial
Two U.S. presidents have been impeached
The House decides the charges
standards for whaat is impeachable are very clear
232
All of the following demographic trends in the U.S. are true EXCEPT:
The median age is getting higher.
the population is shifting to the south
Blacks outnumber hispanics
We will soon be a majority minority nation
233
What do family, mass media, school and peers have in common related to politics?
They are all potential groups
They are all interest groups
They are all informal
They are all agents of socialization
234
Most elected officials use this model of leadership
trustee model
instructed delegate model
politico model
agency model
235
What court ruling raised the standard for contract set-asides to "compelling gov't. interest"?
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Fisher v.University of Texas
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Gratz v. Bollinger
236
The Trial of Peter Zenger in colonial America established what new precedent?
you can be punished if you criticize gov't leaders
editorials are held to a different standard
all officials criticized have a right f rebuttal
you can criticize gov't officials if the info is true
237
What caused a steady increase in the cost of campaigns in the late 1950s and early 60s?
staffing requirements
inflation
new state election laws
television
238
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
Miller v. California
Texas v. Johnson
NY Times v. Sullivan
Schenk v. the United States
239
This 1954 case ruled that "separate but equal" was inherently unequal
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Plessy v. Ferguson
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
240
What is the point of a trial balloon?
to mend fences after a scandal
to launch a campaign
to see public reaction before making a public announcement
to see how high it will go without popping
241
Which type(s) of federal court(s) do not have appellate jurisdiction?
Superior Courts
Circuit Courts
District Courts
The Supreme Court
242
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Privatize Social Security.
Republican
Democrat
243
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
sexual orientation
religion
wealth
gender
244
All of the following are legislative bodies related to the budget process EXCEPT
The House Ways and Means Committee
Congressional Budget Office
The Office of Management and Budget
The Senate Finance Committee
245
What court ruling banned simplistic formulas that advantaged minorities in college admissions?
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Grutter v. Bollinger
Fisher v.University of Texas
246
In what types of cases is the plaintiff always the government?
criminal
civil
justiceable
appellate
247
Presidential authority to strip out parts of bills without rejecting the whole bill is known as
discretionary spending
ways and means
the pocket veto
the line item veto
248
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer if they cannot afford one?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Escobedo v. Illinois
249
Al the following are concurrent powers of the federal and state governments EXCEPT?
taxation
police power
printing currency
establishing courts
250
When a newly elected president claims his/her policies should be enacted, they are claiming
state of the union
electoral mandate
neutral competence
bully pulpit
251
For what is Betty Freidan famous?
writing The Feminine Mystique
Being the lead lawyer in Roe v. Wade
Starting Ms. Magazine
founding the National Organization for Women
252
The goal of the Graham-Rudman-Hollings act of the 1980s had what goal?
passing a flat tax
a balanced budget
returning budget initiation to Congress
a deficit tied to the GDP
253
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support / expansion of government programs.
liberal
conservative
254
Whose term lasts six years?
U.S. Senators
U.S. judges
U.S. President
U.S. Representatives
255
Powers not granted to the federal government and retained by the states are called . . .
enumerated
granted
federalism
reserved
256
Cesar Chavez led boycotts and demonstrations to get better protections for what group?
women
migrant workers
hispanics
asians
257
What impact did the Great Depression and Civil Rights have on the feds' commerce power?
it was inconsistent
contracted it / made smaller
it was unchanged
expanded it / made bigger
258
What case established students can wear arm bands to school in symbolic protest ?
Miller v. California
Schenk v. the United States
Texas v. Johnson
Tinker v. DesMoines
259
What case ruling struck down anti-sodomy laws, granting gay people a right to privacy?
Lawrence v. Texas
Reece v. Texas
Texas v. Johnson
Smith v. Texas
260
What "sole power" does the House of Representative hold, according to the Constitution?
Approve treaties
Taxation
Declare War
Impeachment
261
All of the following undercut the importance of campaign strategy EXCEPT
selective perception
media culture
incumbency advantage
party identification
262
What effect did Shay's Rebellion have on the "founding fathers"?
They opposed federal taxation
They were eager to create a stronger federal government.
They feared a stronger federal power.
They added a Bill of Rights to the Constitution
263
The most common vehicle the government uses to borrow money is
tax loopholes
bond sales
foreign banks
sequestration
264
How were affirmative action programs brought to an end in California?
a court order
the state legislative baody banned it
an initiative was passed
an executive order by the Governor
265
This law banned literacy tests & allowed federal oversight of election activities in the South
The Civil Rights Act of 1968
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
The 24th amendment
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
266
One key job of the bureaucracy in relation to regulation is
filing class action lawsuits
rule-making
iron triangles
passing laws
267
House or Senate? Has filibusters.
Both
Senate
Neither
House
268
How many years must you have lived in the US to be President?
14 years
15 years
30 years
20 years
269
Is political socialization mostly formal or informal in the U.S.?
informal
formal
270
When the President is using the "bully pulpit", what tool is probably nearby?
a shovel
a light saber
a microphone
a pen
271
Which of the following is an example of unconventional political participation?
protest
petitioning
running for office
voting
272
Why are signing statements controversial?
They tend to indicate an intent for selective enforcement
They are relatively new in presidential history
they are executive orders in disguise
the Constitution says the actual President must sign laws
273
What law requires employers to reasonable accommodate people with disabilities?
The Americans With Disabilities Act
The Disabled Accommodation Act
The Handicapped Bill of Rights
The Disabled Freedom Act
274
What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?
it is nonexistent
Media outlets depend on policy entrpreneurs for ratings
it is contentious
policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting
275
This case banned teacher led prayer in school
Gitlow v. New York
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Engel v. Vitale
Employment Division v. Smith
276
What is a common way for Congressmen to get input from the bureaucracy?
approve appintments
deregulation
hearings
lobbying
277
Who actually votes to nominate candidates at the national convention?
electors
party leaders
delegates
voters
278
The Bill of Rights represents what constitutional principle?
limited government
judicial review
separation of powers
checks and balances
279
What types of elections do states have that the federal government does NOT have?
primaries
policy elections
general elections
280
This 1896 case ruled that "separate but equal" was constitutional
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Reynolds v. United States
Plessy v. Ferguson
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
281
Senatorial courtesy is most important /critical for what level of the federal courts?
the district courts
the circuit courts
the Supreme Court
282
All of the following groups were part of the New Deal coalition EXCEPT
blacks
white souitherners
unions
the wealthy
283
What case declared that "separate is inherently unequal", ending school segregation?
Escobedo v. Illinois
Miranda v. Arizona
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Gideon v. Wainwright
284
What is referred to as the "paradox of mass politics" in the US?
That the people think we have a democracy when we do not
How obsessed we are with presidential politics over local
how much people complain given how few vote
the success of our democracy given how little we know
285
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Protect a woman's right to choose an abortion.
Democrat
Republican
286
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support free trade and low tariffs.
liberal
conservative
287
A judge appointed as a recess appointment can serve for no longer than
1 year
2 years
6 months
3 years
288
How has the gov't. ensured press access to the war front & insured context in their reporting?
they allow reporters to "embed" with military units
they put no restrictions on the press in war torn areas
the military provides info to be vetted by the press
all war reporters are members of the military
289
House or Senate? The Vice President breaks ties.
Senate
House
Both
Neither
290
Most common criminals are prosecuted in what courts?
state
appellate
district
federal
291
What percentage of delegates does a candidate need to get the nomination?
50% +1
100%
2/3 or 75%
the largest percentage of all candidates
292
Over time, national party conventions have become less
fun
attended
predictable
contentious
293
The idea that a popular candidate at the top of the ballot can help elect other party members
endorsements
approval ratings
bandwagon
coattails
294
The clear division of powers between the state and federal government is known as
fiscal federalism
cooperative federalism
new federalism
dual federalism
295
Which of the following committees would be considered most powerful?
Veteran's Affairs
Ethics
Appropriations
Energy and Commerce
296
Giving government jobs in return for loyalty and support of elected officials is called
merit system
due process
due diligence
patronage
297
Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?
to ensure the best balloon drop at the convention
to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power
to reward big fundraisers
to rank and file party members would have a voice
298
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer during questioning if requested?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Escobedo v. Illinois
Miranda v. Arizona
299
This court case established the "medium scrutiny" standard for gender-based classification
Schaffley v. Hoke
Reed v. Reed
Craig v. Boren
ERA v. Hunt
300
What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?
US v. Nixon
McCain v. BCRA
Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission
FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life
301
According to the Constitution, once a year, the president is required to do what?
inform Congress about the state of the Union
Give a speech
restate the oath
hold a joint session of Congress
302
If an issue has high saliency it means
Lots of attention is being paid and it could swing votes
Lots of people are paying attention but few care
few people are paying attention
It has a short "shelf life"
303
All of the following contribute to hyperdemocracy or officials "running scared" except
short terms
primaries
strong parties
the power of interest groups
304
The distance between a law and implentation is called
bureaucratic distance
administrative discretion
slippage
appellate jurisdiction
305
The Hatch Act bans federal employees from engaging in what behaviors?
Leaking information to the press
Awarding alcohol at official government functions
Awarding contracts without a competitive bid process
Electioneering during work hours
306
Which leadership model is related to a direct democracy?
division of labor
instructed delegate
politico
trustee
307
Comstat, Amtrack and the Postal Service are all examples of
Independent Executive Agencies
Government Corporations
Cabinet positions
Independent Regulatory Agencies
308
Which party requires that primary / caucus results be used to assign delegates proportionally?
Republicans
Democrats
309
All of the following are ways the president controls the bureaucracy EXCEPT
eliminate agencies
reorganize budgets
appointments
issue executive orders
310
The idea that you don't need to outspend your opponent, but you need to get your message out is
the doctrine of currency
the doctrine of sufficiency
the doctrine of campaign finance
the doctrine of efficiency
311
When Sen. Majority Leade Reid cut the # of votes needed to approve judges it was deemed
the filibuster
sequestration
free exercise
the nuclear option
312
This case ruled the gov't. can't use evidence gained as a result of an illegal search:
NAACP v. Alabama
Gregg v. Georgia
Mapp v. Ohio
Miranda v. Arizona
313
A disconnect between a law/ statute and the implementation is likely due to
regulation
issue networks
adminstrative discretion
due process
314
What case established it is constitutional to burn the US flag in symbolic protest ?
Tinker v. DesMoines
Miller v. California
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
315
All of the following are typical actions of the President in their role as head of state EXCEPT
receiving foreign heads of state
pardoning a turkey on Thanksgiving
laying a wreath on the grave of the Unknown Soldier
pardoning criminals
316
What party, est. in the 1890s, failed to defeat the Republicans despite support from Democrats?
Know Nothings
Dixiecrats
Populists
Whigs
317
What innovation in broadcasting led to the development of "narrowcasting"?
the internet
satellite tv
cable television
netflix
318
The purposes of government are discussed in what part of the Constitution?
The Introduction
The Preamble
The Bill of Rights
The Mutual Pledge
319
House or Senate? Has a Speaker.
Both
Senate
House
Neither
320
At the start of our republic, to vote you had to meet all the following criiteria EXCEPT
male
property owner
white
Christian
321
This amendment says Congress can't raise their own salaries.
26th
27th
25th
24th
322
This case ruled that "undue burden" will be the lesser standard for abortion restrictions
Roe v. Wade
Griswold v. Connecticut
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Gideon v. Wainwright
323
From the Civil War - 1960s the "Solid South" voted
Whig
Dixiecrat
Democratic
Republican
324
What is a leading contributor to the superficial nature of modern media?
24 hour news channels
the prevalence of sound bites
Internet ads
consolidation of news outlets
325
The Supreme Court ruled NC had gone too far in using race as a factor in drawing districts in
Craig v. Boren
Shaw v. Reno
Reed v. North Carolina
harris v. Forklift Systems
326
What agency oversees radio & television broadcasting & requires licensing?
Securities and Exchange Commission
Public Broadcasting Corporation
Federal Communications Commission
Federal Trade Commission
327
What agency prepares the budget, which is first proposed by the executive (since the 1920s)?
The GOA
The Council on Economic Advisors
The White House Staff
The OMB
328
Before the president appoints a federal judge from a state, he'll usually get approval from
the state's governor
the state's House Reps
the Supreme Court
the state's senators
329
Conservative or liberal? Require photo ID to vote.
liberal
conservative
330
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Oppose mandatory minimum sentencing programs.
Democrat
Republican
331
What person or groups bears the most responsibility for funding and shaping a campaign?
interest groups
the candidate
the bureaucracy
the party
332
What is the status of the constitutionality of the War Powers Resolution?
It has not been tested.
It has been upheld.
It is currently pending.
It has been struck down.
333
What case established that the government can regulate corporations under the commerce clause?
Sweatt v. Paint
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Gibbons v. Ogden
Munn v. Illinois
334
All of the following are criticisms of our current primary / caucus system EXCEPT:
few people participate
the early states are not representative of the US population
the early states get too much attention
it caters to low information voters
335
What is the relationship between fiscal federalism and cooperative federalism?
cooperative federalism canceled fiscal federalism
You can only have one or the other, not both
fiscal federalism encourages cooperative federalism
Cooperative federalism caused fiscal federalism
336
What group gained citizenship and could vote in 1924?
migrant workers
immigrants
blacks
native americans
337
House or Senate? Has a rules committee.
Neither
Senate
House
Both
338
Across the board cuts that result when the budget process bogs down are called
sequestration
structural debt
omnibus bills
regressive taxing
339
For what primary reason do parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?
to produce a party platform
To raise money
To select a candidate for the general election
To build enthusiasm
340
Who manages what federal cases the government will appeal to the Supreme Court?
the U.S. Marshalls
The Chief Justice
The Solicitor General
The Chief Magistrate