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Development Review
Development Review
48 terms
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AP Psych
Flashcards
48 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Erikson: the two stages of early and middle adulthood consist of intimacy versus isolation and
identity versus identity confusion
generativity versus despair
generativity versus stagnation
integrity versus despair
2
Assimilation is to ______ as accommodation is to _______
recognizing, noticing
interpreting, adapting
distinguishing, verifying
changing, understanding
3
Psychological debate: is development gradual or does it follow a sequence with distinct stages?
Nature vs Nurture
Rationality vs Irrationality
Continuity vs Stages
Stability vs Change
4
A girl learned that a horse is hairy and has 4 legs. The little girls thinks a cow is a horse..
Accommodation
Habituation
Assimilation
Schema
5
Which psychologist proposed the four stages of cognitive development?
John Watson
Erik Erikson
Lawrence Kohlberg
Jean Piaget
6
In which of the following ways did Erikson’s stage theory differ from Freud’s?
Freud: entire life span while Erikson: early adulthood.
Freud and Erikson both: psychosocial & psychosexual develop.
Freud: Oedipus complex and Erikson: the Electra complex.
Freud: psychosexual develop., Erikson: psychosocial develop.
7
Jean Piaget was famous for the stages of _____ development
Moral
Cognitive
Behavioral
Social
8
Kohlberg's morality stage: an individual's morality --> avoiding punishments or gaining rewards
Pre-conventional morality
Conventional morality
Post-conventional morality
Concrete morality
9
A child who thinks it gets dark so he/she can sleep is an example of
egocentrism
learning set
imprinting
object permanence
10
If an infant looks away from an object sooner, they have experienced
Stimulus adaptation
Sensory adaptation
Habituation
Boredom
11
Choose the correct order
Zygote, Embryo, Fetus
Zygote, Fetus, Embryo
Embryo, Zygote, Fetus
Fetus, Embryo, Zygote
12
Lev Vygotsky believed that _______ is the most important thing for language acquisition?
syntax knowledge
interaction with environment
nature
nurture
13
A child that fails to look for a ball if covered with a blanket lacks
Object permanence
Conservation
Egocentrism
Habituation
14
Temperament
Never changes
Gradually changes
Remains stable
Changes on each stage of development
15
When a gene is ____, it must be paired with a second gene of the same type before its effect
dominant
polygenic
recessive
sex-linked
16
Primary sex characteristics are to secondary sex characteristics as…
Internal changes is to physical changes
Post-conventional morality
Testosterone is to estrogen
Estrogen is to testosterone
17
According to Erikson, the final developmental stage is called
ageism versus activity theory
intimacy versus isolation
integrity versus despair
generativity versus stagnation
18
Social Learning Theory is the theory that we learn social behavior by
observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished
an exchange
Mirroring
Modeling
19
If touched on the cheek, neonates will turn their head in that direction. This is called the:
Rooting Reflex
Moro Reflex
Orientation response
Babinski response
20
Which theorist believed that language is taught with various reinforcements in the environment?
Jean Piaget
Lev Vygotsky
Noam Chomsky
B.F Skinner
21
The psychological conflict industry vs inferiority: which of Erickson's stages development?
Adolescence
School age
Preschool
Young Adulthood
22
Which of these theorists believed that people develop through stages related to age?
Lawrence Kohlberg
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
All of the above
23
Existing schemas are altered as a person learns new information and has new experiences shows
Accommodation
Schema
Imprinting
Critical Period
24
The grasping, rooting, and sucking reflexes of infants are best described as
fixed action patterns
adaptive reflexes
instincts
conditioned reflexes
25
In __ new information affects pre-existing schemas and in __ existing schemas might are altered
conservation; habituation
accommodation; imprinting
egocentrism; assimilation
assimilation; accommodation
26
From the perspective of Erik Erikson, why are life stages important?
Each involves a crisis or dilemma
Each signals a new stage of cognitive development
Each is an expression of biological programming
Their failure to appear is evidence of psychopathology
27
In order, what are the stages in Piaget's theory of development?
Preoperational, Sensorimotor, Concrete , and Formal
Concrete, Formal , Preoperational, Sensorimotor
Formal, Concrete, Preoperational, Sensorimotor
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete, and Formal
28
Another name for a baby is a(n)
zygote
neonate
embryo
fetus
29
A group of people protesting for women's rights is an example for…
Post-conventional morality
Abstract morality
Self-serving morality
Formal morality
30
When a gene is _____, the trait that controls it will be present every time the gene is present
sex-linked
recessive
polygenic
dominant
31
Happens during the ages of 45 to 55, in which the a woman's menstruation ceases
Life crisis
Temperament
Menarche
Menstruation
32
Alcohol is an example of a
SSRI
Glial cell
Teratogen
Stimulant
33
Widened hips in girls and deep voice in boys are examples of…
Maturation
Primary sex characteristics
Tertiary sex characteristics
Secondary sex characteristics
34
The post-conventional stage occurs between the ages of…
7 to 11 years
40+
Your 20s
Adulthood
35
States that certain properties of matter remain the same despite changes in appearance
Egocentrism
Habituation
Assimilation
Conservation
36
In what stage of Piaget's theory do babies represent things with words and images?
Preoperational Stage
Formal Operational
Concrete operational
Sensorimotor stage
37
During the formal operational stage, children begin to...
think primarily about concrete objects or situations
think of abstract principles and hypothetical possibilities
accurately remember concepts of time, space, and numbers
develop object permanence
38
According to Chomsky, humans have a ________ to develop language
learning set
perceptual set
telegraphic readiness
biological disposition
39
A developmental change, such as going from sitting to crawling to walking
Maturation
Imprinting
Critical period
Habituation
40
The first time a girl menstruates is called…
Menarche
Period
Menstruation
Menopause
41
Cognition is…
Activity linked to remembering, communicating, thinking, etc
A branch of psychology concerned with mental processes
All of the above
The ability to understand something; comprehension
42
According to Erikson, adolescents who experience identity confusion
eventually develop thoughts that are concrete and irrational
withdraw and isolate themselves from peers and family
develop a postconventional level of moral thinking
develop a sense of inferiority
43
Lucy has no occupational goals & has changed college majors. Erikson suggests that Lucy lacks
Autonomy
Competence
Identity
Initiative
44
An enduring sexual attraction toward members of either one’s own sex or the other sex is
Role
sexual orientation
gender identity
gender role
45
The struggle between autonomy vs. shame and doubt is most common at the _____
early childhood stage
latency stage
young adulthood stage
adolescent stage
46
Ovaries and testes are examples of
secondary sex characteristics
Maturation
adolescence
primary sex characteristics
47
___ is the chromosome found in both men and women, ___ is found only in males
Y, Y
X, X
Y, X
X, Y
48
If you have resolved Erikson’s conflict during the time you are 20-40, what will the result be?
You feel safe in your environment vs. insecure
Close and committed relationships vs isolated and alone
regret for what could have been
Confident in ability to create and initiate vs low selfworth
