Viral load is reported as undetectable. What does this laboratory study mean?

Transmit the virus to others through sexual contact

A pregnant woman with a history of asymptomatic (HIV) infection is seen at the clinic:

Using ART decreases the chance of vertical transmission

Intervention to help an HIV-infected patient adhere to a treatment regimen?

Find adherence cues that fit their life circumstances

What reasons can the nurse tell the patient about for taking more than one drug?

Viral replication will be inhibited.

Which patient exposure by the nurse is most likely to require PEP?

Needlestick with a needle and syringe used to draw blood

A client diagnosed w/Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia & a CD4+ T-cell count < 200 cells:

Has developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS

A needle stick and an HIV-positive patient. What care should this nurse first receive?

Combination antiretroviral therapy

How would you educate a new client with HIV to use a condom?

A space at the tip of an erect penis when placing the condom

Opportunistic diseases in HIV infection:

Occur in the presence of immunosuppression

Which statement made by the patient would indicate a need for further teaching?

"Isolate any tissues I use so as not to infect my family."

Transmission of HIV from an infected individual to another most commonly occurs as a result of:

Unprotected anal or vaginal sexual intercourse.

What is the goal for the viral load?

To be nondetectable in the blood

Which strategy can the nurse teach the patient to eliminate the risk of HIV transmission?

Using sterile equipment to inject drugs

Screening for HIV infection generally involves:

Laboratory analysis of blood to detect HIV antibodies

What would indicate the patient has developed an acute HIV infection?

Fever, sore throat, swollen lymph glands, nausea & diarrhea

Teaching a pregnant mother about her baby's risk of being born with HIV infection?

"ART will decrease the baby's chance of HIV infection."

studbud

CHAPTER 16 AIDS II

41 termsStudBud Administration34 plays

Flashcards41 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 41

Answers

1
What can prevent a mother to transmit HIV to her unborn child?
Prenatal care
1, 2 & 3
Nutrition
Taking medication
2
Kaposi sarcoma is:
CD4 count >500
When the CD4 count is <200
1 & 2
A opportunistic infection
3
Viral load is reported as undetectable. What does this laboratory study mean?
The syndrome has been cured & can discontinue medications
Transmit the virus to others through sexual contact
The patient can transmit the HIV infection to others
Prescribed lower doses of ART medications for 2 months.
4
A pregnant woman with a history of asymptomatic (HIV) infection is seen at the clinic:
In the early stages of HIV the infant will not contract HIV
Infants born to HIV+ mothers are not infected with the virus
Using ART decreases the chance of vertical transmission
ART medications used to treat HIV infection are teratogenic
5
What would determine the actual development of AIDS?
Presence of oral hairy leukoplakia
CD4+ T cell count below 200
White blood cell count below 5000
Presence of HIV antibodies
6
Intervention to help an HIV-infected patient adhere to a treatment regimen?
Tell the patient that the side effects of the drugs are bad
Give the patient a video & a brochure to view at home.
Set up" a drug pillbox for the patient every week
Find adherence cues that fit their life circumstances
7
Viral load is used for?
Prognosis
Checked every 3 to 4 months
1, 2, & 3
Measures how many particles of HIV in the blood
8
A nurse knows that teaching health promotion to the HIV-infected client?
Prevents disease transmission
Enables an increase in self-care activities
Helping to cure the HIV infection
Delays disease progression
9
ANTIVIRALS?
ATC
Should be taken as prescribed
1 & 2
Only with meals
10
_____ is the cause of HIV/AIDs?
Infection
Retrovirus
Antibodies
Bacteria
11
What reasons can the nurse tell the patient about for taking more than one drug?
They will decrease CD4+ T cell counts.
Viral replication will be inhibited.
Together they will cure HIV.
It will prevent interaction with other drugs
12
Which patient exposure by the nurse is most likely to require PEP?
Contamination of open skin lesions with vaginal secretions
Splash into the eyes when emptying a bedpan containing stool
Needlestick with a suture needle during a surgical procedure
Needlestick with a needle and syringe used to draw blood
13
What laboratory study result indicates the medications have been effective?
Increased viral load
Decreased white blood cell count
Decreased neutrophil count
Increased CD4+ T cell count
14
Why are CD4 counts monitored?
Monitor a person's immune system who is HIV+
Monitor on the effectiveness of the treatment
Checked before taking HIV treatment
1, 2, & 3
15
A client diagnosed w/Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia & a CD4+ T-cell count < 200 cells:
Will develop symptomatic chronic HIV infection within a year
Has developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS
Meets the criteria for a diagnosis of an acute HIV infection
Will be diagnosed with asymptomatic chronic HIV infection.
16
Opportunistic diseases :
At the end stage/AIDS
CD4 count is > 500
1 & 2
Occurs when the CD4 count is < 200
17
A needle stick and an HIV-positive patient. What care should this nurse first receive?
A negative evaluation by the manager
Personal protective equipment
Combination antiretroviral therapy
Counseling to report blood exposures
18
What should the nurse include when teaching about unprotected sex and HIV?
Use condoms for risk-reducing sexual relations
. Take fluconazole (Diflucan)
Have regular HIV testing
2 & 3
19
Which statements accurately describe HIV infection?
2 & 3
Late chronic HIV infection is called AIDS
The CD4+ T cell count is high and the viral load is low
Untreated HIV infection can not progress for a decade
20
How would you educate a new client with HIV to use a condom?
'Make sure it fits loosely to allow for penile erection.''
A space at the tip of an erect penis when placing the condom
''Use adequate lubrication such as petroleum jelly.''
"Condoms are only used when lesions are present.''
21
Opportunistic diseases in HIV infection:
Are curable with appropriate drug interventions
Are usually benign
Occur in the presence of immunosuppression
Are generally slow to develop and progress
22
What is HAART treatment?
None of the above
A cocktail of medications
Two medications
One medication
23
Which statement made by the patient would indicate a need for further teaching?
Adherence to my medications is important
Unprotected sexual contact common mode of transmission."
Notify all of my sexual partners
"Isolate any tissues I use so as not to infect my family."
24
HIV TRANSMISSION:
Body fluids
Breast milk
1 & 3
Handshake
25
A sharp decrease in the patient's CD4+ count is:
A sudden increase in the patient's WBC count
An early sign of HIV
Presence of mononucleosis-like symptoms
A new onset of polycythemia
26
Which test confirms HIV?
ELISA
None of the above
CBC
Metabolic panel
27
What causes HIV+ individuals do not take their meds?
No insurance
Cost
1, 2 & 3
Side effects of the medications
28
Antiretroviral drugs are used to:
Decrease viral RNA levels
Decrease pain and symptoms in terminal disease
Treat opportunistic diseases
Cure acute HIV infection
29
SEROCONVERSION?
1 & 2
When antibodies first become detectable
Clinical manifestations of signs & symptoms
Occurs in 1 day after the person contracts HIV
30
Transmission of HIV from an infected individual to another most commonly occurs as a result of:
Unprotected anal or vaginal sexual intercourse.
Sharing of drug-using equipment such as needles
CD4+ cells > 500
Transmission to infant during labor/delivery & breastfeeding
31
What is the goal for the viral load?
To increase your WBC
To check to see if a person is cured of HIV
None of the above
To be nondetectable in the blood
32
A patient with HIV should be in:
Contact isolation
Universal precautions
None of the above
Airborne isolation
33
Would be most important to help the nurse determine if the patient needs HIV testing?
Patient symptoms
Patient sexual orientation
Patient age
Patient lifestyle
34
What is the first sign of HIV in a healthy adult?
Candidiasis
Fever
Headache
Toenail fungus
35
Which strategy can the nurse teach the patient to eliminate the risk of HIV transmission?
Using latex or polyurethane during sexual contact
Using sterile equipment to inject drugs
Cleaning equipment used to inject drugs
Taking zidovudine (AZT, ZDV, Retrovir) during pregnancy
36
Screening for HIV infection generally involves:
Laboratory analysis of blood to detect HIV antigen
Electrophoretic analysis for HIV antigen in plasma
Analysis of lymph tissues for the presence of HIV RNA
Laboratory analysis of blood to detect HIV antibodies
37
What would indicate the patient has developed an acute HIV infection?
Candidiasis oral/vaginal or oral genital herpes
Fever, sore throat, swollen lymph glands, nausea & diarrhea
Night sweats, fatigue, fever, & generalized lymphadenopathy
Cough, diarrhea, headaches, blurred vision, muscle fatigue
38
A diagnosis of AIDS is made when an HIV-infected patient has?
a CD4+ T cell count > 500
A high level of HIV in the blood and saliva
None of the above
Lipodystrophy with metabolic abnormalities.
39
Nonprogressors and HIV
No signs & symptoms for 3 years
None of the above
No signs and symptoms for 3 years
No signs & symptoms of HIV for 5 years
40
Teaching a pregnant mother about her baby's risk of being born with HIV infection?
The organism will determine if the baby gets HIV infection.
"ART will decrease the baby's chance of HIV infection."
"Only an abortion will keep your baby from having HIV."
"The baby will probably be infected with HIV."
41
Which statement about metabolic side effects of ART is true?
Insulin resistance & hyperlipidemia can be treated w/drugs
These are annoying symptoms that are ultimately harmless
Central fat accumulation and peripheral wasting
1 & 3

CHAPTER 16 AIDS II Flashcards | StudBud

CHAPTER 16 AIDS II

41 termsStudBud Administration34 plays

Flashcards41 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 41

Answers

1
What can prevent a mother to transmit HIV to her unborn child?
Prenatal care
1, 2 & 3
Nutrition
Taking medication
2
Kaposi sarcoma is:
CD4 count >500
When the CD4 count is <200
1 & 2
A opportunistic infection
3
Viral load is reported as undetectable. What does this laboratory study mean?
The syndrome has been cured & can discontinue medications
Transmit the virus to others through sexual contact
The patient can transmit the HIV infection to others
Prescribed lower doses of ART medications for 2 months.
4
A pregnant woman with a history of asymptomatic (HIV) infection is seen at the clinic:
In the early stages of HIV the infant will not contract HIV
Infants born to HIV+ mothers are not infected with the virus
Using ART decreases the chance of vertical transmission
ART medications used to treat HIV infection are teratogenic
5
What would determine the actual development of AIDS?
Presence of oral hairy leukoplakia
CD4+ T cell count below 200
White blood cell count below 5000
Presence of HIV antibodies
6
Intervention to help an HIV-infected patient adhere to a treatment regimen?
Tell the patient that the side effects of the drugs are bad
Give the patient a video & a brochure to view at home.
Set up" a drug pillbox for the patient every week
Find adherence cues that fit their life circumstances
7
Viral load is used for?
Prognosis
Checked every 3 to 4 months
1, 2, & 3
Measures how many particles of HIV in the blood
8
A nurse knows that teaching health promotion to the HIV-infected client?
Prevents disease transmission
Enables an increase in self-care activities
Helping to cure the HIV infection
Delays disease progression
9
ANTIVIRALS?
ATC
Should be taken as prescribed
1 & 2
Only with meals
10
_____ is the cause of HIV/AIDs?
Infection
Retrovirus
Antibodies
Bacteria
11
What reasons can the nurse tell the patient about for taking more than one drug?
They will decrease CD4+ T cell counts.
Viral replication will be inhibited.
Together they will cure HIV.
It will prevent interaction with other drugs
12
Which patient exposure by the nurse is most likely to require PEP?
Contamination of open skin lesions with vaginal secretions
Splash into the eyes when emptying a bedpan containing stool
Needlestick with a suture needle during a surgical procedure
Needlestick with a needle and syringe used to draw blood
13
What laboratory study result indicates the medications have been effective?
Increased viral load
Decreased white blood cell count
Decreased neutrophil count
Increased CD4+ T cell count
14
Why are CD4 counts monitored?
Monitor a person's immune system who is HIV+
Monitor on the effectiveness of the treatment
Checked before taking HIV treatment
1, 2, & 3
15
A client diagnosed w/Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia & a CD4+ T-cell count < 200 cells:
Will develop symptomatic chronic HIV infection within a year
Has developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS
Meets the criteria for a diagnosis of an acute HIV infection
Will be diagnosed with asymptomatic chronic HIV infection.
16
Opportunistic diseases :
At the end stage/AIDS
CD4 count is > 500
1 & 2
Occurs when the CD4 count is < 200
17
A needle stick and an HIV-positive patient. What care should this nurse first receive?
A negative evaluation by the manager
Personal protective equipment
Combination antiretroviral therapy
Counseling to report blood exposures
18
What should the nurse include when teaching about unprotected sex and HIV?
Use condoms for risk-reducing sexual relations
. Take fluconazole (Diflucan)
Have regular HIV testing
2 & 3
19
Which statements accurately describe HIV infection?
2 & 3
Late chronic HIV infection is called AIDS
The CD4+ T cell count is high and the viral load is low
Untreated HIV infection can not progress for a decade
20
How would you educate a new client with HIV to use a condom?
'Make sure it fits loosely to allow for penile erection.''
A space at the tip of an erect penis when placing the condom
''Use adequate lubrication such as petroleum jelly.''
"Condoms are only used when lesions are present.''
21
Opportunistic diseases in HIV infection:
Are curable with appropriate drug interventions
Are usually benign
Occur in the presence of immunosuppression
Are generally slow to develop and progress
22
What is HAART treatment?
None of the above
A cocktail of medications
Two medications
One medication
23
Which statement made by the patient would indicate a need for further teaching?
Adherence to my medications is important
Unprotected sexual contact common mode of transmission."
Notify all of my sexual partners
"Isolate any tissues I use so as not to infect my family."
24
HIV TRANSMISSION:
Body fluids
Breast milk
1 & 3
Handshake
25
A sharp decrease in the patient's CD4+ count is:
A sudden increase in the patient's WBC count
An early sign of HIV
Presence of mononucleosis-like symptoms
A new onset of polycythemia
26
Which test confirms HIV?
ELISA
None of the above
CBC
Metabolic panel
27
What causes HIV+ individuals do not take their meds?
No insurance
Cost
1, 2 & 3
Side effects of the medications
28
Antiretroviral drugs are used to:
Decrease viral RNA levels
Decrease pain and symptoms in terminal disease
Treat opportunistic diseases
Cure acute HIV infection
29
SEROCONVERSION?
1 & 2
When antibodies first become detectable
Clinical manifestations of signs & symptoms
Occurs in 1 day after the person contracts HIV
30
Transmission of HIV from an infected individual to another most commonly occurs as a result of:
Unprotected anal or vaginal sexual intercourse.
Sharing of drug-using equipment such as needles
CD4+ cells > 500
Transmission to infant during labor/delivery & breastfeeding
31
What is the goal for the viral load?
To increase your WBC
To check to see if a person is cured of HIV
None of the above
To be nondetectable in the blood
32
A patient with HIV should be in:
Contact isolation
Universal precautions
None of the above
Airborne isolation
33
Would be most important to help the nurse determine if the patient needs HIV testing?
Patient symptoms
Patient sexual orientation
Patient age
Patient lifestyle
34
What is the first sign of HIV in a healthy adult?
Candidiasis
Fever
Headache
Toenail fungus
35
Which strategy can the nurse teach the patient to eliminate the risk of HIV transmission?
Using latex or polyurethane during sexual contact
Using sterile equipment to inject drugs
Cleaning equipment used to inject drugs
Taking zidovudine (AZT, ZDV, Retrovir) during pregnancy
36
Screening for HIV infection generally involves:
Laboratory analysis of blood to detect HIV antigen
Electrophoretic analysis for HIV antigen in plasma
Analysis of lymph tissues for the presence of HIV RNA
Laboratory analysis of blood to detect HIV antibodies
37
What would indicate the patient has developed an acute HIV infection?
Candidiasis oral/vaginal or oral genital herpes
Fever, sore throat, swollen lymph glands, nausea & diarrhea
Night sweats, fatigue, fever, & generalized lymphadenopathy
Cough, diarrhea, headaches, blurred vision, muscle fatigue
38
A diagnosis of AIDS is made when an HIV-infected patient has?
a CD4+ T cell count > 500
A high level of HIV in the blood and saliva
None of the above
Lipodystrophy with metabolic abnormalities.
39
Nonprogressors and HIV
No signs & symptoms for 3 years
None of the above
No signs and symptoms for 3 years
No signs & symptoms of HIV for 5 years
40
Teaching a pregnant mother about her baby's risk of being born with HIV infection?
The organism will determine if the baby gets HIV infection.
"ART will decrease the baby's chance of HIV infection."
"Only an abortion will keep your baby from having HIV."
"The baby will probably be infected with HIV."
41
Which statement about metabolic side effects of ART is true?
Insulin resistance & hyperlipidemia can be treated w/drugs
These are annoying symptoms that are ultimately harmless
Central fat accumulation and peripheral wasting
1 & 3