What did Interventionists believe the US had to do to avoid war?

Send aid to Britain and other Allies

Explain Operation Rolling Thunder.

It was a sustained bombing campaign over North Vietnam

What is the Yellow Press?

Sensationalist journalism that exaggerated stories to sell newspapers

What was the condition of the national economy under President Coolidge?

It experienced a period of economic growth and prosperity

Explain “Reaganomics.”

Economic policies focusing on tax cuts, reducing government spending

What did Progressives believe about industrialization and urbanization?

They created social and political problems that needed reform

Why did Spain give the United States full control of the Philippines?

The U.S. won the Spanish-American War and paid $20 million in the treaty

What were the foreign policies of the following presidents? William Taft

Dollar Diplomacy — encourage U.S. investment abroad

At first, what did President Hoover rely on to relieve the depression?

Voluntary cooperation from businesses and local governments

What did the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution state?

It gave the president authority to use military force in Vietnam

What did American leaders learn at Kasserine Pass in North Africa?

That U.S. troops needed better training and leadership

What was the purpose of Theodore Roosevelt’s Square Deal?

To ensure fairness for workers, businesses, and consumers

What social problem did Upton Sinclair’s novel The Jungle describe?

Unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry

How does the Truman Doctrine set a new course for American foreign policy?

It promised to support nations resisting communism

What was the impact of the Reagan administration’s increase of military spending?

It helped end the Cold War but increased the federal deficit

What factors helped hide economic problems in the 1920s?

Credit buying and uneven wealth distribution

What was President Carter’s response to the Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan in 1979?

He imposed economic sanctions and boycotted the Olympics

How did the Great Depression eventually change Germany politically?

It led to the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party

What did the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty state?

It banned nuclear tests in the atmosphere, outer space, and underwater

What were the conclusions of the Warren Commission?

That Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone in assassinating President Kennedy

What are NATO and the Warsaw Pact examples of?

Military alliances during the Cold War

What is an argument that people used to prevent affirmative action?

It discriminates based on race and lowers standards

A young woman who challenged traditional norms with fashion and behavior

What crystallized American opinion against Germany at the beginning of World War I?

Germany’s invasion of Belgium

What did Modernists believe?

They embraced new ideas and scientific discoveries

By 1965, why were most soldiers in Vietnam?

They were drafted through the Selective Service system

Why was the Tet Offensive considered a turning point in the Vietnam War?

It showed the Vietcong were stronger than Americans had been told

After World War I, what did the Japanese military do to become more powerful?

Took control of the government and pursued imperial expansion

What event occurred on Black Tuesday?

Stock prices collapsed, triggering the Great Depression

What was the impact of the automobile industry in the early 1900s?

It transformed transportation and boosted related industries like oil

What were the results of the Battle of Midway?

The U.S. destroyed Japanese aircraft carriers and balance in the Pacific

What did the “New Woman” of the 1920s believe?

Women should have more independence and challenge traditional roles

How did the uneven distribution of the nation’s wealth lead to the depression?

It limited the buying power of most Americans, reducing demand for goods

. Explain Gorbachev’s policies of glasnost and perestroika reforms?

Glasnost promoted openness, transparency; perestroika restructured economy

Explain the effects of the Battle of the Bulge.

it weakened the German army significantly

How did Archduke Francis Ferdinand’s assassination trigger World War I?

It caused Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia, activating alliances

Why did Martin Luther King target Birmingham, Alabama for a civil rights campaign?

It was one of the most segregated cities in the South

Which opponent of the New Deal believed that the program did not do enough to help poor Americans

Huey Long, who proposed the “Share Our Wealth” program

What was the Open Door Policy?

A U.S. policy to keep trade with China open to all countries

What was the economic situation for farmers in the 1920s?

Many faced low crop prices and debt

. Explain the Neutrality Act of 1939

It allowed nations at war to buy goods from “cash-and-carry” basis

What was the Eisenhower Doctrine?

A policy to use force to help Middle Eastern nations resist communism

What was decided at the 1942 Wannsee Conference?

The “Final Solution,” a plan to exterminate Jews

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US 2 History review

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Questions 143

Answers

1
What did Interventionists believe the US had to do to avoid war?
Send aid to Britain and other Allies
Stay completely neutral and isolated
Immediately declare war on Germany
Cut all diplomatic ties with Europe
2
Explain Operation Rolling Thunder.
A covert mission to rescue POWs
A training exercise in the Philippines
The code name for peace talks in Geneva
It was a sustained bombing campaign over North Vietnam
3
What is the Yellow Press?
Government-run propaganda agencies
A newspaper founded by Theodore Roosevelt
A political movement supporting imperialism
Sensationalist journalism that exaggerated stories to sell newspapers
4
What was the condition of the national economy under President Coolidge?
It experienced a period of economic growth and prosperity
It was dominated by heavy government regulation
It suffered from hyperinflation
It was in a severe depression
5
Explain “Reaganomics.”
Policies to nationalize all banks and factories
Increasing tariffs on all imports to zero
Completely eliminating the income tax
Economic policies focusing on tax cuts, reducing government spending
6
What did Progressives believe about industrialization and urbanization?
They had only positive effects on the economy
They created social and political problems that needed reform
They were natural and should not be interfered with
They would eventually regulate themselves
7
Why did Spain give the United States full control of the Philippines?
The Philippines voted to join the U.S.
Spain lost it in a trade deal with France
The U.S. won the Spanish-American War and paid $20 million in the treaty
The U.S. threatened to invade Spain
8
What were the foreign policies of the following presidents? William Taft
Big Stick Diplomacy — show military strength
Moral Diplomacy — spread democracy
Dollar Diplomacy — encourage U.S. investment abroad
Gunboat Diplomacy — threaten to invade
9
At first, what did President Hoover rely on to relieve the depression?
Voluntary cooperation from businesses and local governments
Nationalizing major industries
Direct cash payments to individuals
Massive federal welfare programs
10
What did the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution state?
It gave the president authority to use military force in Vietnam
It ended U.S. involvement in Southeast Asia
It declared peace with North Vietnam
It banned nuclear testing near Vietnam
11
What did American leaders learn at Kasserine Pass in North Africa?
That the Axis powers were ready to surrender
That Africa had no strategic value
That U.S. troops needed better training and leadership
That naval forces were ineffective
12
What was the purpose of Theodore Roosevelt’s Square Deal?
To promote isolationism in foreign policy
To help monopolies expand freely
To expand voting rights to all Americans
To ensure fairness for workers, businesses, and consumers
13
What social problem did Upton Sinclair’s novel The Jungle describe?
Corruption in city governments
Child labor in coal mines
Unsafe working conditions in textile factories
Unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry
14
How does the Truman Doctrine set a new course for American foreign policy?
It pledged neutrality in all future wars
It encouraged American colonization
It promised to support nations resisting communism
It focused on rebuilding the Confederate South
15
What was the impact of the Reagan administration’s increase of military spending?
It led to a global economic collapse
It immediately caused World War III
It helped end the Cold War but increased the federal deficit
It eliminated all U.S. national debt
16
What factors helped hide economic problems in the 1920s?
Stable agricultural prices
High wages for all workers
Credit buying and uneven wealth distribution
Balanced budgets and strict banking regulations
17
What was President Carter’s response to the Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan in 1979?
He dissolved NATO in protest
He imposed economic sanctions and boycotted the Olympics
He declared war on the Soviet Union
He opened U.S. borders to Soviet refugees
18
How did the Great Depression eventually change Germany politically?
It made Germany adopt a communist system
It resulted in the return of the Kaiser
It caused Germany to form a permanent alliance with France
It led to the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party
19
Which nation was the world’s economic leader after World War I?
France
The United States
Germany
Britain
20
Who first spoke of the “iron curtain”?
Joseph Stalin
Winston Churchill
Harry Truman
Franklin D. Rooseveltc
21
What did the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty state?
It required Soviet scientists to inspect U.S. facilities
It eliminated all nuclear weapons worldwide
It banned nuclear tests in the atmosphere, outer space, and underwater
t allowed testing only in the Arctic Circle
22
What were the conclusions of the Warren Commission?
That the CIA staged the shooting
That Fidel Castro ordered the assassination
That Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone in assassinating President Kennedy
23
What are NATO and the Warsaw Pact examples of?
Economic recovery plans
Free trade agreements
Military alliances during the Cold War
Peace treaties from World War I
24
Socially conscious journalists who dramatized the need for reform were known as
Suffragettes
Robber barons
Muckrakers
Trustbusters
25
What is an argument that people used to prevent affirmative action?
It guarantees equal pay for all workers
It discriminates based on race and lowers standards
It supports segregation in schools
It bans minority students from elite universities
26
What is a flapper?
A young woman who challenged traditional norms with fashion and behavior
A prohibition-era gangster
A silent film actor
A type of jazz musician
27
What crystallized American opinion against Germany at the beginning of World War I?
Germany’s invasion of Belgium
The sinking of the Lusitania
Germany’s alliance with Russia
The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand
28
What did Modernists believe?
They wanted to return to 19th-century lifestyles
They embraced new ideas and scientific discoveries
They strictly followed religious doctrines
They opposed all forms of technology
29
By 1965, why were most soldiers in Vietnam?
They were drafted through the Selective Service system
They volunteered for college scholarships
They were part of U.N. peacekeeping troops
They were defending American oil rigs
30
Why was the Tet Offensive considered a turning point in the Vietnam War?
It ended the war in favor of the U.S.
It brought NATO troops into the conflict
It led to the surrender of North Vietnam
It showed the Vietcong were stronger than Americans had been told
31
After World War I, what did the Japanese military do to become more powerful?
Took control of the government and pursued imperial expansion
Disbanded and focused on diplomacy
Adopted pacifist policies
Allied with the Soviet Union
32
What impact did the appeasement policy of the United States, Britain, and France have on German aggression?
It stopped German expansion completely
It encouraged more aggression
It forced Hitler to resign
It led to Germany becoming an ally
33
W.E.B. Du Bois was critical of whose ideas?
Booker T. Washington
Andrew Carnegie
Jane Addams
Theodore Roosevelt
34
What event occurred on Black Tuesday?
The U.S. entered World War I
Stock prices collapsed, triggering the Great Depression
The 19th Amendment was ratified
Prohibition was repealed
35
Many Americans denounced Germany for its sinking of the
Bismarck
Lusitania
Titanic
Mayflower
36
What was the impact of the automobile industry in the early 1900s?
It caused a decline in urban growth
It led to a reduction in consumer spending
It transformed transportation and boosted related industries like oil
it decreased demand for roads and highways
37
What were the results of the Battle of Midway?
The Allies retreated from the Pacific
The battle ended in a draw with no major losses
Japan successfully invaded Hawaii
The U.S. destroyed Japanese aircraft carriers and balance in the Pacific
38
What did the “New Woman” of the 1920s believe?
Women should adopt Victorian dress styles
Women should avoid education and work
Women should have more independence and challenge traditional roles
Women should focus only on homemaking and motherhood
39
How did the uneven distribution of the nation’s wealth lead to the depression?
It led to too many small businesses opening
It caused excessive government spending
It limited the buying power of most Americans, reducing demand for goods
It encouraged too much saving and not enough investment
40
. Explain Gorbachev’s policies of glasnost and perestroika reforms?
Glasnost promoted openness, transparency; perestroika restructured economy
lasnost banned all speech; perestroika increased military spending
Glasnost closed all media outlets;perestroika privatized farms overnight
Glasnost was a foreign policy; perestroika was a cultural festival
41
Explain the effects of the Battle of the Bulge.
It ended World War II in Europe
It caused the Allies to retreat to Britain
It forced the Soviet Union to surrender
it weakened the German army significantly
42
How did Archduke Francis Ferdinand’s assassination trigger World War I?
It started a trade war between Britain and France
It caused Russia to invade the Ottoman Empire
It caused Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia, activating alliances
It led to the collapse of the German Empire
43
Why did Martin Luther King target Birmingham, Alabama for a civil rights campaign?
There had been no previous protests there
The mayor invited King to visit
It was one of the most segregated cities in the South
It was the capital of the Confederacy
44
Which opponent of the New Deal believed that the program did not do enough to help poor Americans
Huey Long, who proposed the “Share Our Wealth” program
Al Smith, who backed Prohibition enforcement
Charles Lindbergh, who wanted isolationism
Father Coughlin, who supported laissez-faire policies
45
What was a result of Nixon’s resignation?
Gerald Ford became president
The Constitution was rewritten
The Republican Party was banned
Congress was dissolved
46
What was the Open Door Policy?
A U.S. policy to keep trade with China open to all countries
A military alliance between the U.S. and China
A plan to divide China into colonies
A ban on immigration from China
47
What was the economic situation for farmers in the 1920s?
Many faced low crop prices and debt
Government subsidies made farming highly profitable
Farmers experienced unprecedented wealth and prosperity
Farming technology was abandoned
48
. Explain the Neutrality Act of 1939
It required Americans to enlist if war broke out
It allowed nations at war to buy goods from “cash-and-carry” basis
It created an embargo on oil and steel to Japan
It banned all exports to Europe
49
What was the Eisenhower Doctrine?
A treaty banning nuclear weapons in Europe
A plan to desegregate Southern schools
A policy to use force to help Middle Eastern nations resist communism
A trade agreement with Latin America
50
What was decided at the 1942 Wannsee Conference?
The bombing of Pearl Harbor
The invasion of Poland
The rebuilding of Berlin
The “Final Solution,” a plan to exterminate Jews
51
In March 1968, what surprising announcement did President Johnson make to the American people?
He had declared war on Cambodia
He would not seek re-election
He was sending nuclear weapons to Vietnam
He was resigning from office
52
How did Prohibition contribute to the growth of organized crime?
It eliminated crime by reducing alcohol consumption
It caused the government to legalize all drugs
It reduced the power of criminal organizations
It created a black market for alcohol controlled by gangs
53
What did the Supreme Court rule in the case of United States v. Nixon?
Only Congress can impeach a president
The president is not above the law and must hand over tapes
Executive privilege is unlimited
Nixon had the right to cancel elections
54
Why did the American public begin to distrust the Johnson administration?
The military draft only targeted women
Johnson supported communism in Asia
They believed the government had lied about progress in Vietnam
Johnson canceled the 1968 election
55
What was the New Deal Coalition?
A political alliance of diverse groups who supported FDR and the New Deal
A military pact between the U.S. and Europe
A group of industrialists opposed to Roosevelt
A secret anti-communist organization
56
Why did Imperialist nations build up their military strength?
To protect their global interests
To provide jobs for the unemployed
To support humanitarian aid missions
To promote disarmament treaties
57
How many FULL terms did Roosevelt serve as president?
Three
Four full terms
Two
One
58
. Explain the German strategy of “blitzkrieg.”
A prolonged trench warfare strategy
A defensive wall-building tactic
A naval blockade to cut off supplies
A fast and overwhelming military attack using planes, tanks, and infantry
59
What economic condition did economist John Maynard Keynes believe caused the Great Depression?
Too many small businesses
Excessive foreign trade
Lack of consumer demand and government spending
High tariffs protecting American industries
60
What were the results of the Cuban Missile Crisis?
Kennedy resigned from office
The U.S. launched a full-scale invasion of Cuba
The Cold War officially ended
he Soviets removed missiles from Cuba and the U.S. promised not to invade
61
The Triple Entente nations were France, Britain, and:
Austria-Hungary
Germany
Italy
Russia
62
How did the Vietnam War harm the Great Society program?
It caused the creation of more civil rights laws
It drained funding and attention away from domestic reforms
It ended the Cold War early
It improved U.S. relations with Southeast Asia
63
Which group experienced an early depression in the 1920s?
Industrial workers
Urban professionals
Bankers
Farmers
64
What happened as a result of the bitter battle between Theodore Roosevelt and his successor, William H. Taft?
Taft retired from politics permanently
Roosevelt was impeached
The Supreme Court ruled against Progressive reforms
The Republican Party split, helping Democrat Woodrow Wilson win
65
Which of these African Americans is famous for breaking into major league baseball?
Thurgood Marshall
Jackie Robinson
Martin Luther King Jr.
Medgar Evers
66
Why did President Nixon order the secret bombing of the Ho Chi Minh Trail in Cambodia?
To build an airbase for future peace talks
To protect American oil fields in the region
To punish Cambodia for aiding the Soviets
To disrupt supply lines to the Vietcong
67
Who was the first female cabinet member?
Eleanor Roosevelt
Margaret Sanger
Susan B. Anthony
Frances Perkins
68
What did the disastrous effects of World War I and the Great Depression lead to in European countries?
Stronger support for the League of Nations
Widespread adoption of democracy
The rise of totalitarian regimes
Immediate economic recovery
69
What idea did John Foster Dulles, Eisenhower’s secretary of state, introduce?
Mutually assured friendship
Isolationism
Preventive surrender
Massive retaliation
70
. President Wilson’s “peace without victory” idea formed a key part of what idea?
The Open Door Policy
The League of Nations
The Treaty of Versailles
The Monroe Doctrine
71
Who made the decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan?
President Harry S. Truman
President Franklin D. Roosevelt
Albert Einstein
72
How did the federal government respond to the Savings and Loan crisis?
It created the Resolution Trust Corporation to manage failed institutions
It banned all new mortgages
It allowed all banks to fail without intervention
It privatized all savings and loan associations
73
Explain John F. Kennedy’s “flexible response” policy.
It committed the U.S. to isolationism
It provided the U.S. with a range of military and nonmilitary options
It banned all military interventions abroad
It focused only on nuclear retaliation
74
When three civil rights workers disappeared during Freedom Summer, the SNCC claimed that they had been
Hiding in Canada
Kidnapped by communists
Murdered by white supremacists
Arrested and deported
75
. Why did powerful nations rush to grab colonies in the 1800s?
To encourage immigration from Europe
To gain access to raw materials and new markets
To promote world peace through diplomacy
To stop the spread of democracy
76
What amendment repealed Prohibition in 1933?
The 21st Amendment
The 19th Amendment
The 22nd Amendment
The 18th Amendment
77
What is Social Darwinism?
A movement to protect endangered species
A philosophy supporting racial equality
The belief that stronger nations were meant to dominate weaker ones
A religious theory of intelligent design
78
What did Hitler’s economic persecution of Jews in Germany involve?
Sending all Jews to concentration camps in 1933
Offering Jewish businesses government subsidies
Giving Jews land in return for leaving Germany
Barring Jews from working in civil service and businesses
79
What were the goals of the Marshall Plan?
To overthrow communist governments directly
To build a military alliance with Latin America
To force Germany to pay war reparations
To help rebuild European economies and prevent the spread of communism
80
Why did Theodore Roosevelt win the Nobel Peace Prize?
For creating the National Parks system
For negotiating peace in the Russo-Japanese War
For leading the Rough Riders into battle
For supporting women’s suffrage
81
Why did the Germans surrender in 1918?
Exhaustion from years of fighting and blockade shortages
They were invaded by Japan
The U.S. dropped atomic bombs
They lost their colonies in Africa
82
Women’s efforts and sacrifices during World War I led to U.S. government support for which reform?
Women’s suffrage
Prohibition repeal
Child labor laws
Minimum wage laws
83
What did the term McCarthyism become a catchword for?
The removal of Prohibition
Extreme, reckless accusations without evidence
Government-sponsored welfare programs
Peaceful civil rights activism
84
What was the chief complaint of conservatives against the New Deal?
It gave the government too much power and threatened individual freedoms
It eliminated all private businesses
It reduced taxes too much
It cut military spending drastically
85
Explain the proposed “Star Wars” program.
An underwater submarine missile network
A missile defense system to protect the U.S. from nuclear attacks
A space exploration program to colonize Mars
A plan to send troops to the Moon
86
How did the Black Panthers exemplify the idea of “black power”?
By promoting segregation in urban schools
By demanding racial justice and organizing community self-defense
By encouraging total political withdrawal
By opposing all forms of protest
87
What symbolized the end of communism in Europe?
The Cuban Missile Crisis
The signing of the Treaty of Versailles
The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989
The launch of Sputnik
88
How did the Agricultural Adjustment Act help farmers?
By paying them to reduce crop production to raise prices
By confiscating farmland and redistributing it
By forcing farmers to sell crops below market value
By encouraging farmers to grow only cotton
89
What major event shocked the American people and led Wilson to no longer call for peace?
The assassination of Franz Ferdinand
Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare
The sinking of the Titanic
The Russian Revolution
90
Describe the Vietcong’s war strategy.
They avoided combat and only used diplomacy
They launched nuclear missiles
They focused on large naval invasions
They used guerrilla tactics and surprise ambushes
91
Why did journalists call the Alaska purchase of 1867 “Seward’s Folly”?
The land was already owned by Native American tribes
They believed Alaska was a frozen wasteland with no value
Russia tricked the U.S. into buying worthless land
It was purchased from Canada without a treaty
92
Who appeared to be winning the war in Europe at the end of 1940?
The Soviet Union alone
Germany and the Axis Powers
The United States
The Allies
93
What were Jim Crow laws?
Laws promoting voting rights for all races
Laws enforcing racial segregation in the South
Laws banning slavery in the North
Laws requiring women to work
94
What steps did Kennedy take to prevent the completion of missile bases in Cuba?
He ordered a naval blockade of Cuba
He withdrew from all NATO agreements
He bombed Soviet ships in the Atlantic
He invaded Havana immediately
95
In 1929, why did the stock market crash?
Speculation and buying on margin created an unstable market
A global oil shortage
Massive bank failures caused panic
A sudden government tax on stock trading
96
What did the study A Nation at Risk report?
That American schools had the best education system worldwide
That education funding was excessively high
That standardized tests should be abolished
That American education was falling behind global competitors
97
Which city did President Eisenhower send federal troops to protect African American students?
Little Rock, Arkansas
Selma, Alabama
Atlanta, Georgia
Montgomery, Alabama
98
What were the views and beliefs of the writers of the “Lost Generation”?
They advocated for prohibition laws
They supported the economic boom and celebrated wealth
They criticized materialism and expressed disillusionment after WWI
They promoted traditional family values
99
How did President Johnson escalate American involvement in Vietnam?
By sending combat troops and increasing bombing campaigns
By withdrawing all U.S. advisors
By signing a peace treaty with Ho Chi Minh
By requesting U.N. control of South Vietnam
100
Which critical event affected both the Ford and Carter presidencies?
The Watergate break-in
The Korean War
The energy crisis
The moon landing
101
In 1950, what event began the conflict on the Korean peninsula?
The United States invaded North Korea
North Korea invaded South Korea
China bombed South Korean ports
Japan attempted to regain Korean territory
102
What was the movement of African Americans from the rural South to the industrial North in the early 1900s?
The Great Migration
The Harlem Renaissance
The Dust Bowl
The New Deal
103
Which reform did the Nineteenth Amendment enact?
Prohibition of alcohol
Direct election of senators
Women’s right to vote
Abolition of poll taxes
104
What did Progressives that promoted Americanization believe?
American society should adopt immigrant traditions
Immigrants should adopt American values and culture
Immigrants should return to their home countries
Public schools should stop teaching English
105
What were Hoovervilles?
Makeshift shantytowns built by homeless people during the Great Depression
Wealthy neighborhoods in California
Luxury apartment complexes built by the government
A popular dance craze of the 1920s
106
. Which group did Nazi ideology consider superior to other people?
Roma
Aryans
Slavs
Jews
107
The Triple Alliance nations were Germany, Austria-Hungary, and:
Russia
France
Italy
Britain
108
What was Carter’s greatest foreign policy achievement?
The Camp David Accords between Egypt and Israel
The invasion of Grenada
The signing of the Warsaw Pact
The building of the Berlin Wall
109
why did Americans enjoy escapist films in the 1930s
They wanted relief from the hardships of the Great Depression
They were obsessed with Hollywood celebrities
Films were free and funded by the government
Theaters were the only places with heating
110
Why did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?
Due to a broken peace treaty with Hawaii
Because the U.S. invaded Japanese territory
To cripple the U.S. Pacific Fleet
In retaliation for a U.S. bombing of Tokyo
111
. Explain Nixon’s “new federalism.”
It created a new federal military agency
It shifted power and resources back to state and local governments
It abolished all state constitutions
It centralized all authority under the Supreme Court
112
Roosevelt created the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) to
Oversee agricultural production
Regulate the stock market and prevent abuses
Promote international trade agreements
Provide unemployment benefits
113
What were the foreign policies of the following presidents? Theodore Roosevelt
Big Stick Diplomacy — use strong military to achieve goals
Dollar Diplomacy — rely on private investment only
Isolationism — avoid involvement in foreign affairs
Moral Diplomacy — support only democratic nations
114
Explain the Scopes trial of 1925
A court case about women’s right to vote
A trial about alcohol smuggling
A legal case debating the teaching of evolution vs. creationism in schools
A labor strike for better wages
115
What were the foreign policies of the following presidents?Woodrow Wilson
Moral Diplomacy — support human rights and democratic ideals
Mercantile Diplomacy — increase trade tariffs
Big Stick Diplomacy — increase naval strength
Imperial Diplomacy — conquer smaller nations
116
What do liberals tend to favor?
More government involvement in social programs and equality
A return to feudalism
Complete deregulation of businesses
Eliminating all taxes
117
What did the construction of the Berlin Wall do to the country of Germany?
It physically divided East and West Germany
It united Germany under communist leadership
It caused Germany to withdraw from NATO
It caused Germany to withdraw from NATO
118
. What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 state?
It abolished the Electoral College
It required all Americans to vote
It banned discrimination in public accommodations and employment
It ended all school taxes
119
What do conservatives tend to favor?
Complete government control of the economy
Nationalizing all industries
Limited government and free-market policies
Abolishing private property
120
During the Red Scare, nativists opposed what idea?
Immigration from Eastern and Southern Europe
The rise of jazz music
Women gaining the right to vote
Prohibition laws
121
. What did President Kennedy declare in response to riots over desegregation at University of Mississippi?
That Mississippi was now independent
That the university would be permanently closed
That the military would take over all public schools
That Americans are free to disagree, but not disobey the law
122
What were Julius and Ethel Rosenberg charged, convicted, and executed specifically for doing?
Smuggling weapons into Cuba
Spying for Nazi Germany
Assassinating a U.S. senator
Passing atomic secrets to the Soviet Union
123
What were the goals of the New Deal?
Tax Cuts, Deregulation, and Privatization
Expansion, Militarization, and Control
Relief, Recovery, and Reform
solation, Neutrality, and Pacifism
124
What factors caused World War I?
Lack of international trade and education
Militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism
Religious conflicts and technological decline
Economic recession, climate change, and immigration
125
What did President Roosevelt introduce to help retirees?
Social Security
Free housing
Medicare
Welfare checks
126
What was the goal of the Bay of Pigs invasion?
To take over Soviet missile sites in Turkey
To rescue American prisoners in Vietnam
To stop drug smuggling from the Caribbean
To overthrow Fidel Castro in Cuba
127
Why did Roosevelt deliver his “Four Freedoms” speech to Congress in January 1941?
To announce his resignation
To persuade Americans to support aid to Britain
To declare war on Germany
To propose a new national holiday
128
What effect did the Cold War have on the American space program?
It shifted focus entirely to deep-sea exploration
It pushed the U.S. to compete with the Soviets in space exploration
It led to a joint U.S.–Soviet moon landing
It halted all funding for NASA
129
What did Booker T. Washington believe?
African Americans shouldget economic independencebefore getting civilrights
African Americans should leave the U.S. and return to Africa
African Americans should use violence to force change
Civil rights would come automatically with time
130
What did the first of the confrontations on the Edmund Pettus Bridge during the march on Selma become known as?
March of Hope
Freedom Friday
Equality Day
Bloody Sunday
131
What was the most successful public-works project begun under President Hoover?
The Hoover Dam
The Golden Gate Bridge
The Tennessee Valley Authority
The Interstate Highway System
132
Why did minority groups receive limited benefits from Progressivism?
Federal laws banned minority involvement
Minorities chose not to participate in reforms
Progressives focused solely on rural populations
Many Progressives held racist or nativist attitudes
133
Why did the Allies adopt a “Europe First” strategy?
Because the Soviet Union demanded U.S. troops in Asia
Because defeating Nazi Germany was considered the top priority
Because Japan had already surrendered
Because Britain refused to fight in the Pacific
134
In what countries did the Cold War have “hot” conflicts where U.S. soldiers fought and died?
Cuba and Canada
Germany and Poland
Korea and Vietnam
Iran and Saudi Arabia
135
What was the unemployment rate among African Americans during the height of the Depression?
Equal to the unemployment rate of white workers
Almost zero because of government job programs
Lower than the national average due to specialized jobs
Much higher than the national average, often above 50%
136
What were the provisions of the Geneva Accords?
France regained full control of Southeast Asia
Vietnam was divided into North and South at the 17th parallel
The U.S. took control of all of Vietnam
Vietnam became a U.N. territory
137
How did farmers contribute to the problems that led to the Dust Bowl?
By over-farming and removing natural grasses that held the soil in place
By using only organic farming methods
By planting too many trees to protect the soil
By irrigating their fields excessively
138
What did Roosevelt and Congress pass the day after FDR’s inauguration?
The Social Security Act
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
The Emergency Banking Act to stabilize banks
The National Industrial Recovery Act
139
What was decided at the Tehran Conference?
The dropping of the atomic bomb
The Allies agreed to open a second front in Western Europe
The division of Germany into occupation zones
The formation of the United Nations
140
What did Kennedy’s military policies create and fund?
A national student military draft
A nuclear army for every state
Special Forces like the Green Berets
An air force of drones and robots
141
What did the Pentagon Papers reveal?
The war had been completely fabricated by the media
U.S. generals had committed treasonv
The Soviet Union was secretly helping the U.S.
The U.S. government had misled the public about the Vietnam War
142
Why did Stalin want Britain and the United States to open a second front in France?
To launch an invasion of Britain
To allow Soviet troops to occupy France
To trap Italy between two armies
To relieve pressure on Soviet forces fighting Germany in the East
143
Who were the “Rough Riders”?
A gang of outlaws from the Old West
A cavalry unit led by Theodore Roosevelt in the Spanish-American War
A band of American journalists in Cuba
A group of Navy sailors in World War I

US 2 History review Flashcards | StudBud