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Duplicate of AP Research Methods Flashcards | StudBud
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Duplicate of AP Research Methods
Duplicate of AP Research Methods
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Review research methods for #psychology.
Flashcards
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Questions
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Answers
1
One of the principal differences between the ethical guidelines for human & animal research is:
Humans can be deceived and animals cannot
Animals subjects can be placed at great risk
Animals can suffer for a clear purpose where humans cannot
Human research is more closely watched than animal research
2
__ is a form of study that observes a subject(s) in their natural environment.
Case Study
Naturalistic Observation
Longitudinal Study
Field Experiment
3
Freud conducted in-depth studies of individual patients. What research method was he using?
Case study
Naturalistic observation
Experimental method
Longitudinal study
4
A Z score is useful for
There is no such thing as a Z score
Determining the distance from the mean for a single score
Determining the probability of error
Measuring relative sample size
5
What are the 5 steps to the scientific method?
Observe, Predict, Study, Gather Results, Report
Predict, Perform a test, Analyze, Report, Publish
Predict, Perform a test, Analyze, Publish, Peer review
Predict, Perform a test, Gather results, Analyze, Publish
6
Less sleep has been linked with getting low grades. What relationship do these variables have?
Standard correlation
Positive correlation
Negative correlation
Null correlation
7
Random assignment is...
Assigning people to either the control or experimental group
Assigning people to stratas to use stratified sampling
Randomly selecting a population to study
Selecting people to represent a population
8
The Milgram Experiment tested the concept of...
Obedience
Shock treatment
Learning
Authority figures
9
The Zimbardo Experiment tested...
How authority figures can influence a person
How people would act as an inmate in a prison setting
Test a person's limits to stress
The power of social roles
10
Neither the subjects nor the experimenter know who is in the experimental and control group.
Descriptive Study
Experimental Study
Double-blind Experiment
Single-blind Experiment
11
Theoretically, random assignment should eliminate...
Sampling error
Concerns over validity
The need for a representative sample
Many confounding variables
12
When two variables change in the same direction, they have a __ correlation.
Standard
Positive
Negative
Null
13
Ensuring your variable(s) were measured in a consistent way every time refers to a study having
Representative sampling
Validity
Falsifiability
Reliability
14
A(n) __ study may be used in place of an experimental/ correlational study for ethical reasons.
Naturalistic
Quasi-experimental
Ex Post Facto
Case Study
15
Psychologists generally prefer the experimental method of research because...
They are more likely to support a hypothesis
They show cause and effect relationships
It is easier to obtain a random sample
It's more likely to garner statistically significant results
16
When a curve has majority of low scores but 1 to 2 high scores, the curve would be considered..
Normal
Unreliable
Negatively skewed
Positively skewed
17
Ethical consideration include all of the following except:
No harm or discomfort may be caused (physical/psychological)
Right to privacy
Allowing coercion as long as debriefing takes place
Participants must sign an informed consent form
18
A bell shaped curve is a(n) __ curve.
Placebo
Negatively Skewed
Normal
Positively Skewed
19
Measures of __ show how spread out the scores of a distribution are.
Frequency Distribution
Variance
Statistics
Standard Deviation
20
In a stratified sample, participants are...
Always assigned to the experimental group
Selected at random
Grouped & selected according to representative demographics
Always assigned to the control group
21
What is the Z score for the following data?
Raw score: 200
Mean:
145 SD: 5
3
9
11
6
22
A correlation gets __ as it gets closer to 0...
Weaker
skewed
zero impact
Stronger
23
In a __, a researcher studies a group of people over a period of years.
Naturalistic Study
Cross-sectional Study
Longitudinal Study
Case Study
24
Researchers use a(n) __ to arrange data so that they know how often an observation occurs.
Bell Curve
Inferential Statistic
Z Score
Frequency Distribution
25
The numerical value that determines the strength of a correlation is called a
Correlational coefficient
Correlational statistic
Correlational value
Correlational relationship
26
A good theory is all of the following except...
Has a testable prediction
Parsimonious
Fit know facts
Produces results that cannot be disproven
27
This measure of central tendency tells us what data value appears most often.
Median
Standard Deviation
Mean
Mode
28
A branch of mathematics that helps researchers organize and evaluate data.
Statistics
Placebo Effect
Frequency Distribution
Central Tendency
29
Which of the following is an example of random assignment?
Making a strata from demographic data and building a sample
Picking names from a hat to assign an experimental condition
Approaching 50 students during 5th period lunch
Having a computer generate a list of 100 student names
30
The Hawthorne Effect is....
Tendency for people to act differently when they are watched
The tendency to be overconfident in our own intuitions
The assumption that everyone is just like us
The tendency to ignore data that conflicts with our beliefs
31
In an experiment, the __ has the participants who were not exposed to the independent variable.
Double-Blind Experiment
Control Group
Single-Blind Experiment
Experimental Group
32
What are the disadvantages to a naturalistic study?
Placebo Effect
Hawthorne Effect
Only describes behavior
Expensive
33
Researchers select a __ which is meant to represent the rest of the population.
Placebo
Sample
Experimental Group
Control Group
34
The Milgram study is a
Naturalistic observation
Case study
Double-blind study
Single-blind study
35
At the end of a study, we use __ to determine if our hypothesis was supported or rejected.
Standard Deviation
Inferential Statistics
Means-End Analysis
Descriptive Statistics
36
All variables need a(n) __ to be measured effectively.
Random Sample
Experimental Group
Control Group
Operational Definition
37
In a __, only the researchers know who is in the experimental and the control group.
Double-Blind Experiment
Case Study
Experimental Study
Single-Blind Experiment
38
The __ is a change in a patient's physical state due to a patient's perceptions of treatment.
Experimental Effect
Variable Effect
Placebo Effect
Hawthorne Effect
39
The Stanford Prison Experiment violated which ethical standards?
No harm or discomfort may be caused (physical/psychological)
Informed consent
Right to anonymity
Researchers may not use any form of threats or intimidation.
40
What is a hypothesis?
A prediction about the relationship between two variables
An observation about the world
An educated guess about the answer to a question
An identification of variables
