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Chapter 2: Examine the role of the healthcare worker in achieving health people 2030 Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 2: Examine the role of the healthcare worker in achieving health people 2030
Chapter 2: Examine the role of the healthcare worker in achieving health people 2030
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1
What is the term for the tendency to seek a stable balance among cognitive elements
Equilibration
Assimilation
Adaptation
2
What is the term for the tendency of certain genetic and environmental influences to reinforce each other
Passive correlations
Active correlations
Genotype-environment correlation
3
Dizygotic twins are genetically identical
False
True
4
Embryonic stage: second stage of gestation, weeks 2 to 8.
True
False
5
Oral ( birth to about 15 months)
Sucking & feeding
Potty training
Socialization
6
Which process involves changes in a cognitive structure to include new information
Equilibration
Adaptation
Accommodation
7
Latency (6 years to puberty)
Sucking & feeding
Potty training
Socialization
8
Which term refers to the genetic makeup of a person, containing both expressed and unexpressed characteristics
Phenotype
Environmental experience
Genotype
9
Which of the following is NOT one of the five major perspectives in human development
Learning
Psychoanalytic
Cognitive
Biological
10
Which process results in each sex cell having only 23 chromosomes
Fertilization
Mutation
Meiosis
11
Which of the following factors can influence a mother’s unborn child’s environment during prenatal development
Nutrition and maternal weight
Knowledge of advanced calculus
Favorite color and music preference
12
Genital ( puberty to adult )
Attachment to parents
Potty training
Mature adult sexuality
13
According to Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, what is the main focus of each stage
A physical milestone that must be achieved for healthy development
major psychological challenge that must be resolved for healthy development
A specific cognitive task that must be mastered for healthy development.
14
What is the name of the stage that period of development between conception and birth.
Embryonic stage
Germinal stage
Gestation
15
which principle states that the upper parts of the body develop before the lower parts of the trunk
Proximodistal principle
Both A and B
Cephalocaudal principle
16
According to Freud’s theory of personality development, which of the following statements is true
The ego represents reason and develops gradually in early life
The id governs newborn behavior and operates on the pleasure principle
All of the above
The superego includes the conscience and develops later in childhood
17
Which model views human development as a series of predictable responses to stimuli
Mechanistic model
Locke’s model
Organismic model
18
What is another term for Social learning theory
Observational learning
Social cognitive theory
Reciprocal determinism
19
Which of the following is the final stage of gestation, from 8 weeks to birth.
Fetal stage
Embryonic stage
Gestation
20
Sex-linked recessive disorders are more common in females.
True
False
21
Which of the following is an example of classical conditioning
A dog salivating at the sound of a bell that is associated with food
A child learning to ride a bike by practicing every day
A student studying for an exam to improve their grades
22
Which type of inheritance occurs when a child receives different alleles and only the dominant one is expressed
Polygenic inheritance
Recessive inheritance
Dominant inheritance
23
Which of the following is NOT factors can contribute to the differences between siblings
Certain events and experiences outside the home
How parents and siblings treat the child
Birth order
The skin and hair for each other
24
Anal ( 12 to 18 months 10 3 years)
Attachment to parents
Socialization
Potty training
25
The growth and motor development where the parts of the body near the center develop before the extremities is
Proximodistal principle
Both A and B
Cephalocaudal principle
26
How hereditary and environment work together
Reactive correlations & Active correlations
Genotype-environment correlation & Passive correlations
All correct
27
What is the term for the union of sperm and ovum to produce a zygote
Zygote
Fertilization
Assisted reproductive technology (ART)
28
Which of the following describes autosomes in humans
22 Chromosome pairs not related to sexual expression
22 Chromosome pair that determines the sex in males
22 Chromosome pair that determines the sex in females
29
Which type of inheritance occurs when a child receives identical recessive alleles the expression of a nondominant trait
Complex inheritance
Dominant inheritance
Recessive inheritance
30
What is the process of incorporating new information into an existing cognitive structure called
Assimilation
Adaptation
Accommodation
31
Which term refers to the combination of genetic and environmental factors to produce certain complex traits
Phenotype
Environmental experience
Multifactorial transmission
32
Monozygotic twins: twins resulting from the division of a single zygote after fertilization.
False
True
33
What is the another name for Monozygotic twins
fraternal twins
identical twins
34
Which of the following best describes a theory
A coherent set of concepts that explain and predict data
A single isolated piece of information
A collection of random facts
35
Which of the following is twins conceived by the union of two different ova with two different sperm cells.
Monozygotic twins
Dizygotic twins
identical twins
36
What are some of the associations with multiple births
higher birth weight, and healthy infants.
premature delivery, lower birth weight, and infant disability or death.
Decreased risk of pregnancy complications
37
During prenatal development, which of the following abilities do fetuses develop
Ability to see and speak
Ability to dance and sing
Ability to taste, smell, hear, and feel
38
In which stages is Characterized by rapid cell division blastocyst formation & implantation in the wall of the uterus
Embryonic stage
Fetal stage
Germinal stage
39
Which of the following statements is true about incomplete dominance
In incomplete dominance, a child receives two identical alleles
In incomplete dominance, a child receives two different alleles
40
According to behaviorism, which of the following is a type of associative learning
Cognitive learning
Insight learning
Classical conditioning
41
What is the term for the one-celled organism resulting from fertilization
Conception
Zygote
Assisted reproductive technology (ART)
42
Who is considered the originator of the psychoanalytic perspective
Jean Piaget
Carl Rogers
Sigmund Freud
43
Germinal stage: first 2 weeks of prenatal development.
True
False
44
Which of the following is a key concept in operant conditioning
Learning based on the involuntary response to a stimulus
Learning based on the association of two stimuli
Learning based on the association of behavior with its consequences
45
Which of the following determines the sex of a baby in humans
The Y chromosome received from the father
The X chromosome received from the mother
The Y chromosome received from the mother
46
Genetic counseling It is especially useful for people who is
Non of them
Have a family history of hereditary illness
Do not had a child with a genetic defect
47
Which of the following is true about the way theorists explain development
They always view development as a continuous process
They never modify their theories based on unexpected data
Their explanations depend on their assumptions about two basic issues
48
Phallic (3 to 6 years)
Mature adult sexuality
Attachment to parents
49
According to the psychoanalytic perspective, which of the following statements is true
Early experiences shape later functioning
All of the above
Sigmund Freud was the originator of the psychoanalytic perspective
Childhood is the precursor to adult behavior
50
what are the organized patterns of thought and behavior used in particular situations called
Organization
Schemes
Adaptation
51
Which term is used to describe learning through watching the behavior of others
Reciprocal determinism
Observational learning
Social cognitive theory
52
What term refers to the observable characteristics of a person
Genotype
Multifactorial transmission
Phenotype
53
Which of the following is NOT one of the stages in Piaget’s theory of cognitive development
Organization stage
Sensorimotor stage
Concrete operational stage
54
In which stages does the Rapid growth and development of major body systems and organs
Gestation
Embryonic stage
Fetal stage
55
What is one of the key aspects of Bandura’s social cognitive theory
The importance of feedback in shaping behavior and developing standards
The role of cognitive processes in observing and learning behavior
All of the above
The development of self-efficacy and the ability to achieve goals
56
Which of the following statements is true about chromosomal abnormalities
Down syndrome is the least common chromosomal abnormality.
Chromosomal abnormalities typically occur due to errors in cell division
Turner syndrome results from having an additional sex chromosome (XXY).
57
According to Locke, a young child is seen as
An internally initiated active organism
A tabula rasa—a blank slate
A noble savage
58
What is the term for the unique environment in which each child grows up
Birth order
Non shared environmental effects
How parents and siblings treat the child
