Diffusion is the net movement of molecules from

an area of high concentration to low concentration.

What is the amino acid sequence for: AUU-CCA-CCC-UGG

Isoleucine-proline-proline-tryptophan

How will water flow through osmosis from a plant cell that contains 1% salt to a solution that contains 6% salt?

water will move out of the cell

When a human body cell divides by mitosis, what will be the result?

two new cells with 46 chromosomes in each

Cell membrane seperates which makes 2 identical daughter cells

Which best describes the technique of genetic engineering?

Adding foreign DNA to organisms to modify the organism’s DNA

What are the phases of mitosis in order?

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Why are checkpoints during the cell cycle so important?

To prevent damaged cells from carrying on to daughter cells

What are missense mutations?

code for an amino acid, but not the correct amino acid

The phospholipid bilayer is made up of

Hydrophilic heads along the outsides bordering water.

is negatively controlled based on if tryptophan is there.

What would result if cytokinesis did not happen after mitosis?

one cell with 2 identical nuclei

Binding of the lac repressor to the promoter of the lac operon

prevents RNA polymerase from initiating transcription

Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?

deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine

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Honors MP 2 Quarterly Review

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Questions 72

Answers

1
Diffusion is the net movement of molecules from
an area of equilibrium to an area of high concentration.
an area of high concentration to low concentration.
an area of low concentration to high concentration.
all of the above.
2
What cellular activity might be affected if the ribosomes of a cell stopped functioning?
cellular respiration
protein synthesis
membrane transport
DNA replication
3
What is the amino acid sequence for: AUU-CCA-CCC-UGG
Isoleucine-proline-lysine-tryptophan
Isoleucine-proline-proline-stop
Isoleucine-proline-proline-kryptonite
Isoleucine-proline-proline-tryptophan
4
the lac repressor keeps the lac operon off in the absence of
fructose
glucose
lactose
galactose
5
The main difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is the presence of
a cell membrane
a nucleus
DNA
ribosomes
6
DNA Replication occurs during which phase of the cell cycle?
Interphase-S
Interphase-G2
Mitosis
Interphase-G1
7
A nonsense mutation is a point mutation that does what?
changes the amino acid to a different amino acid
changes all the codons after the mutation
Does not change the amino acid
changes the amino acid to STOP
8
RNA contains the sugar
ribose
lactose
deoxyribose
glucose
9
Translate the following mRNA strand into amino acids C C A A A G
Proline, Arginine
Proline, Asparagine
Proline, Lysine
Proline, Glutamic Acid
10
What type of mutation inserts/deletes a base & changes the DNA sequence from that point on?
frameshift mutation
deletion mutation
silent mutation
point mutation
11
If mRNA is CUG, the tRNA that would join it is
GUC
GTC
CTG
GAC
12
Apoptosis is
Programmed cell death
A new doughnut at Krispy Kreme
Replication of cells in response to stress
Traumatic death of a cell resulting in inflammation
13
In the trp operon, the amino acid tryptophan functions as a(n)
operator
promoter
inducer
corepressor
14
During gel electrophoresis, which DNA fragments travel further in the gel?
longer fragments
positively charged fragments
medium size fragments
shorter fragments
15
How will water flow through osmosis from a plant cell that contains 1% salt to a solution that contains 6% salt?
water will move in both directions
water will move into the cell
water will not move into or out of the cell
water will move out of the cell
16
Which is the complementary RNA strand for: CTAGATCC
GATCTAGG
CUAGAUCC
CTAGATCC
GAUCUAGG
17
When a human body cell divides by mitosis, what will be the result?
one new cell with 92 chromosomes
two new cells with 46 chromosomes in each
two new cells with 23 chromosomes each
one new cell with 23 chromosomes
18
The anticodon of tRNA is important for protein synthesis because it...
Brings amino acids
Glues RNA together
Forms hydrogen bonds
Provides energy for synthesis
19
Cytokinesis is
Telekinesis
The final stage to the Cell cycle
Magical stage
Cell membrane seperates which makes 2 identical daughter cells
20
3 nitrogenous bases on tRNA are called this:
anti-codon
stop codon
triple threat
polycodon
21
Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments based on:
Shape
Phosphate backbone
Size
Charge
22
Which best describes the technique of genetic engineering?
Adding foreign DNA to organisms to modify the organism’s DNA
Cutting segments of DNA of an organism under a microscope
Exposing DNA of an organism to radioactivity for mutations
Manufacturing synthetic DNA in the laboratory from chemicals
23
The start codon in DNA is __ __ __ .
there is no start codon
AUG
CAT
AUC
24
What are the phases of mitosis in order?
Anaphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Telophase
Telophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
Prophase, Telophase, Metaphase, Anaphase
25
Genes contain instructions for assembling
purines.
proteins.
pyrimidines.
nucleosomes.
26
What is the amino acid that corresponds to codon AUG?
Leucine
Tryptophan
Glycine
Methionone
27
During which phase of the cell cycle does the cytoplasm of the cell divide?
interphase
interphase
cytokinesis
28
What enzyme transcribes DNA into mRNA?
RNA Helicase
RNA Ligase
DNA Polymerase
RNA Polymerase
29
Why are checkpoints during the cell cycle so important?
Its a cellular conspiracy
To prevent the cell from dividing
To prevent damaged cells from carrying on to daughter cells
To keep the overall well being of an organism poor
30
What are missense mutations?
alter the reading frame of the genetic message
change an amino acid codon into a stop codon
code for an amino acid, but not the correct amino acid
no effect on the amino acid produced by a codon
31
The phospholipid bilayer is made up of
Hydrophilic heads along the outsides bordering water.
In a straight line, head-to-tail-to-head-to-tail
Alternating head up, then head down, then head up, then head down.
Hydrophobic heads on the inside, pointed at each other.
32
What are the benefits of GMO's?
All of the above
Products are resistant to droughts
Products last longer
Products are bigger
33
Mutations can be?
Beneficial
Harmful
Neutral
All three
34
When lactose is absent from the environment, the lac operon switched is__________.
destroyed
on
off
regulated
35
The Trp Operon...
is negatively controlled based on if tryptophan is there.
has 3 genes that get rid of tryptophan.
has 5 genes that get rid of tryptophan.
is positively controlled based on if tryptophan is there.
36
How many nucleotides make up one codon?
4
1
3
2
37
Unlike DNA, RNA contains
adenine
uracil
phosphate groups
thymine
38
This is the site of translation in protein synthesis.
mitochondria
ribosome
nucleus
uracil
39
What are possible risks of GMOs?
harm to wild life
new allergens
increase in insects resistance to the new GMOs
All of the above
40
The lac operon is inducible because:
it is turned on by lactose
it can be turned off by lactose
it is always on
it is always off
41
Protein synthesis has two steps: transcription and translation. Where does translation occur.
nucleus
mitochondria
cytoplasm at the ribosome
chloroplast
42
During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the bases
GATCCA
AGCTTG
TCGAAC
GAUCCA
43
The mRNA codon GCU would code for
Serine
Threonine
Alanine
Valine
44
What would result if cytokinesis did not happen after mitosis?
two cells, each having one nucleus
one cell with 2 identical nuclei
one cell without a nucleus
two cells, each without a nucleus
45
What is the complementary DNA strand of AATTGCAC?
TTAAGCTG
TTAACGTG
AAUUCGUG
AATTCGGT
46
Binding of the lac repressor to the promoter of the lac operon
prevents RNA polymerase from initiating transcription
prevents RNA polymerase from being made in the first place
removes the promoter from DNA and transcription is blocked
speeds up transcription of lac genes
47
Order from largest to smallest: DNA, gene, chromosome
Chromosome, gene, DNA
DNA, gene, chromosome
Gene, chromosome, DNA
Chromosome, DNA, gene
48
Which is the mRNA?
1
4
2
3
49
DNA is copied during a process called
replication
transcription
transformation
translation
50
Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
ribose + phosphate group + thymine
deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil
deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
ribose + phosphate group + uracil
51
Which process would be directly influenced by mutations that affect how a cell reproduces?
mitotic cell division
differentiation of cells in an embryo
meiotic cell division
division of sperm and egg cells
52
During transcription, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the bases
TCGAAC
GAUCCA
GATCCA
AGCTTG
53
The Trp Operon...
is negatively controlled based on if tryptophan is there.
has 5 genes that get rid of tryptophan.
has 3 genes that get rid of tryptophan.
is positively controlled based on if tryptophan is there.
54
What represses the trp operon?
A repressor + trp
trp
It is induced, not repressed.
An inactive repressor
55
An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because osmosis causes
water to move into the cell.
solutes to move out of the cell.
water to move out of the cell.
solutes to move into the cell.
56
Why are frameshift mutations more serious than substitution mutations?
They change every codon after the mutation
They always cause cancer
They cause recessive traits to become dominant traits
They are passed on to offspring
57
Deletion mutations are mutations that _____
Removes the entire protein
Preemptively place an AUG codon
Causes a STOP amino acid to arrive
Removes a number of certain amino acids
58
Which of the following is an example of a transgenic organism that has been developed?
Cabbage that produces scorpion venom
All of these
Tomatoes engineered to stay fresh longer
Goats that produce spider silk in their milk
59
Which is the tRNA?
5
4
2
3
60
When the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is the same, the molecules will
.only move across the membrane to the inside of the cell.
move across the membrane in both directions.
only move across the membrane to the outside of the cell.
stop moving across the membrane.
61
The codon CUA codes for which amino acid?
Leucine
Glutamine
Lysine
Arginine
62
What is the complementary mRNA code for: TTAAGCGC
AAUUCGCG
AATTGCGC
TTCCAUAU
TTGGTAAT
63
The passive transport of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
facilitated diffusion.
osmotic pressure.
active transport.
osmosis.
64
The trp operon is considered a repressible operon because
tryptophan stops the operon from working so trp production stops
the operon is usually on unless the repressor is inactive
tryptophan stimulates the operon to turn on
tryptophan digests an enzyme that produces tryptophan
65
Protein synthesis has two steps: transcription and translation. Where does transcription occur.
cytoplasm at the ribosome
mitochondria
chloroplast
nucleus
66
What is cancer?
Unhealthy cells that die
Uncontrolled viral growth
When cells do not divide
Uncontrolled cell growth
67
Which means of particle transport requires input of energy from the cell?
facilitated diffusion
active transport
diffusion
osmosis
68
What represses the trp operon?
It is induced, not repressed.
trp
A repressor + trp
An inactive repressor
69
Describe the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology.
Meiosis
Mitosis -(Translation)-> Meiosis -(Transcription)-> Protein
DNA -(transcription)-> RNA -(translation)-> Protein
Protein -(translation)-> RNA -(transcription)-> DNA
70
Which molecule is paired with its correct role in protein synthesis?
tRNA- transfers amino acids
mRNA- joins amino acids
ribosome- carries DNA instructions
nucleus- forms peptide bonds
71
Use the Codon chart to find the amino acids this mRNA codes for. AUG-CAC-GCU
MET-PRO-ALA
MET-HIS-ALA
MET-ISO-GLY
MET-GLU-VAL
72
Which of the following are found in both DNA and RNA?
ribose, phosphate groups, and adenine
phosphate groups, guanine, and cytosine
phosphate groups, guanine, and thymine
deoxyribose, phosphate groups, and guanine

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