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Biology Review For Spring Final
Biology Review For Spring Final
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1
What is a germ cell that is able to unite with the opposite gender to reproduce called?
Germette Cell
Sperm
Gamete
Egg
2
Who believed that all four-legged animals evolved from the same embryo?
Carolus Linnaeus
Erasmus Darwin
Georges Buffon
Jean Baptiste Lamark
3
What is founders effect?
The movement of alleles across a population
The loss of genetic diversity
Change in species that causes them to differ from ancestors
When a species colonizes a new area
4
What two things affect genetic diversity?
Mutation and recombination
Gene pool and mutation
Allele frequency and recombination
Gene pool and allele frequency
5
mRNA is made to carry info to ribosomes and ribosomes make RNA in what?
Replication
Transcription
Translation
Mitosis
6
How does crossing over create genetic diversity?
It creates a new species
It creates a new strand of DNA inside of an organism
It creates a new allele
It creates new physical traits
7
What is directional selection?
The individuals most populated are the ones without extremes
The extremes become the average
One extreme is favored
Both extremes are favored
8
Which have three hydrogen bonds?
Adenine and guanine
Adenine and thymine
Cytosine and thymine
Cytosine and guanine
9
What is the complimentary base to thymine?
Cytosine
Uracil
Guanine
Adenine
10
What is someone who shows a dominant trait but carries a dominant and recessive allele?
Dominant
Recessive
Carrier
Offspring
11
How do producers make energy?
Using chemicals from around them
Using sunlight in photosynthesis
Eating other levels of nourishment
Using other methods of gaining energy
12
What is included in the Law Of Segregation?
Genes that control one trait are separate from another trait
An offspring inherits one gene each from each parent
The genes inherited are random
One gene inherited is dominant over the other
13
Which of these is
not
an abiotic factor?
Wind
Baobab Tree
Heat
Soil
14
What is the complimentary base to guanine?
Uracil
Cytosine
Adenine
Thymine
15
What is evolution?
The biological change in a species
An essential part of Pokemon
The random process in which an organism gets an advantage
The way something becomes different from ancestors
16
What is an example of embryology and development between land mammals and cetaceans?
Both dolphins and humans have leg and arm buds and nostrils
Whales' DNA is closest to hippos
Whales and land mammals both feed milk to youth
Land mammals and whales have finger, wrist, and arm bones
17
What is the first trophic level?
Producer
Secondary consumer
Primary consumer
Tertiary consumer
18
Making copies of DNA strands is the process called...
Copying
Duplication
Replication
Multiplication
19
What do herbivores eat?
Plants
Things that have already been broken down
Both plants and meat
Meat
20
What is meiosis?
The duplication of DNA
Cell duplication that results in two diploid cells
The resting period between cell duplication
Cell duplication that results in four haploid cells
21
What is mitosis?
Cell duplication that results in four haploid cells
The duplication of DNA
The resting phase between cell duplication
Cell duplication that results in two diploid cells
22
What is the importance of DNA to cellular function?
It makes proteins
It deletes genetic information
It has no purpose
It holds the genetic information of the cell
23
What is the complimentary base to adenine (in DNA)?
Thymine
Guanine
Uracil
Cytosine
24
What are chemotrophs?
Producers
Consumers
Bacteria
25
Which of these
isn't
an example of comparative anatomy between land mammals and cetaceans?
Land mammals and whales have finger, wrist, and hand bones
Both land mammals and whales have placenta
Both land mammals and whales have 2 lungs and warm-blood
Both land mammals and whales feed milk to youth
26
What is the fifth trophic level?
Tertiary consumer
Primary consumer
Secondary consumer
Quaternary consumer
27
Who figured out that DNA was a double helix and that the bases were on the inside?
Rosalind Franklin
Francis Crick
Linus Pauling
James Watson
28
How can all six feet of DNA fit into the infinitesimal nucleus of a cell?
The other parts of the DNA are put into the ribosomes
The DNA is split apart into multiple parts
Only a very small portion of the DNA is actually in it
The DNA is coiled thousands of times to fit
29
What places the starting places for DNA to be set?
RNA
DNA polymerase
Helicase
DNA ligase
30
Which is more accurate, a food chain or a food web?
Food Web
Neither are accurate enough to determine correct information
Food Chain
31
What is the second trophic level?
Quaternary consumer
Primary consumer
Tertiary consumer
Secondary consumer
32
What does a food web show?
A singular set of species who eat each other
Three food chains that connect
Multiple food chains interconnecting providing accurate info
Three separate food chains who do not connect
33
What does a square represent on a pedigree chart?
Male
Parent
Offspring
Female
34
What is phosphorus used for?
Cellular respiration
Light independent cycle
ATP
Photosynthesis
35
What holds together DNA?
Hydrogen bonds
Phosphates
Cold fusion
Glue
36
Which of these describes DNA?
Triple-helix structure
Double-helix structure
Single-helix structure
37
What is disruptive selection?
One extreme is favored
The individuals most populated are the ones without extremes
Both extremes are favored
The extremes become the average
38
What is an example of a parasitic relationship?
Clown fish to sea anemones
Ticks to humans
Mites to humans/human eyelashes
39
Who was the rival to Watson and Crick and the best physical chemist in the world?
Linus Pauling
Oswald Avery
Terry Downs
Erwin Chargaff
40
What is microevolution?
Evolution that happens within one community
Evolution happening within one population
Evolution that is much faster than ordinary evolution
Evolution happening at a smaller rate that can be measured
41
What do carnivores eat?
Meat
Both plants and meat
The dead
Plants
42
Why will founders effects lead to genetic drift?
All of the females will leave and males can't repopulate
Colonized species die off
Species split and have less diversity to interbreed with
All of the males will leave and females can't repopulate
43
What does a food chain show?
A singular series of organisms eating each other
Three food webs that do connect
Three separate food webs that do not connect
Multiple food webs interconnecting to provide accurate info
44
What is co-dominance?
Only one trait is expressed
Every possible trait is, in some way, expressed
Both traits are expressed fully at the same time
Both traits try to be expressed, but blend together
45
Who thought that DNA was a triple helix?
Erwin Chargaff
Rosalind Franklin
Oswald Avery
Linus Pauling
46
What happens in telophase?
DNA strands uncoil and nuclear membrane disappears
Nuclear membrane comes back and two diploid cells are made
DNA strands are pulled to opposite ends
DNA strands line up in the middle
47
What is intrasexual selection?
Males compete for the female
Males and females reproduce
48
What does the term gene pool mean?
A random change in DNA that causes a new allele to be formed
A new allele is formed during crossing over in meiosis
All of the combined alleles in a population
The rate of how often a trait appears in a population
49
What happens in interphase?
The process of mitosis
The nuclear membrane disappears
Nothing, cells do not reproduce
The process of meiosis
50
Which of these would
not
different biomes from each other?
Location
Climate
Name
Organisms
51
Who used x-ray crystallography and had photo 51 that showed DNA was a double helix?
Oswald Avery
Rosalind Franklin
Erwin Chargaff
Linus Pauling
52
Something an animal does to survive in an environment is...
A niche
DNA replication
Photosynthesis
A clique
53
What happens in synthesis?
Cells grow
Cells are checked for any mistakes that need to be repaired
DNA is replicated
Cytoplasm is replicated
54
What is overpopulation?
All in a species will inherit the trait that is an advantage
An individual inherits a trait that helps it survive
The different phenotypes in a population
Some organisms can't survive due to competition
55
What is biomass?
Everything outside of the biosphere
All the wet things
All the dry things on land
Everything in an ecosystem
56
If a trait controls hair, and the hair is somehow purple from birth, then it is a...
Phenotype
Genotype
57
Who found out that the amount of adenine-thymine was the same as well as guanine-cytosine?
Oswald Avery
Linus Pauling
Rosalind Franklin
Erwin Chargaff
58
What is mutation?
A new allele is formed during crossing over in meiosis
A random change in DNA that causes a new allele to be formed
The rate of how often a trait appears within a population
All of the combined alleles of a population
59
Mutualism is when...
Both species benefit
One species benefits, one is harmed
One species benefits, one remains unaffected
Both species are harmed
60
Although ecology literally translates to "study of the house," what does ecology actually mean?
Study of interactions of biotic factors
Study of interactions of biotic and abiotic factors
Study of interactions of abiotic factors
Study of interactions between robotic factors
61
What zips DNA strands together?
RNA
DNA polymerase
DNA ligase
Helicase
62
A physical place where something lives that provides all the essentials is...
A biome
A house/"oikos"
A habitat
An ecosystem
63
What is the monomer (or backbone) of DNA?
Nucleotides
RNA
Ribosomes
Amino Acids
64
What is bottleneck effect?
Catastrophic event that leads to extinction of an ecosystem
Catastrophic event that can lead to extinction of a species
A beneficial event that leads to birth of a new species
Catastrophic event that leads to death of a food chain
65
Why is water recycled?
There is only a finite number
So processes like photosynthesis can benefit from it
So the clouds can benefit from it
So organisms in the air can have it
66
What is the complimentary base to cytosine?
Thymine
Uracil
Guanine
Adenine
67
Who came up with the theory of evolution?
Georges Buffon
Charles Darwin
Jean Baptise Lamarck
Erasmus Darwin
68
What is interphase?
The replication of DNA
Cell duplication that results in two diploid cells
Cell duplication that results in four haploid cells
The resting period between mitosis and meiosis
69
How are DNA strands separated?
DNA polymerase unzips it
RNA splits it
It experiences translation beforehand
Helicase unzips it
70
When something is half-shaded on a pedigree chart, what does that represent?
The organism has died
The organism has the disease
The organism does not have the disease
The organism carries the disease, but is not affected by it
71
How do bacteria make their own energy?
They have other methods of gaining energy
They make it from using sunlight from photosynthesis
They eat other levels of nourishment
They make it from chemicals around them
72
Mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism are examples of what?
Biogeochemical cycles
Processes of photosynthesis
Trophic levels
Symbiotic relationships
73
Which of these would be an example of a biotic factor?
Dog (named Carl)
Sun
Rain
Toothpaste
74
What is a two-ring base structure called?
Pyrimidine
Purine
75
What describes how deoxyribose are on phosphate?
3' by 5' strand
5' by 3' strand
76
What is the importance of RNA to cellular function?
It has no purpose
It holds the genetic information of the cell
It deletes proteins
It makes proteins
77
What is the Law Of Independent Assortment?
The genes inherited are random
Genes that control one trait are separate from another trait
One gene inherited is dominant over the other
An offspring inherits one gene each from parents
78
Which of these is a base?
Adenine
Cytosine
Thymine
Guanine
79
Which one of these pairs forms hydrogen bonds?
adenine-guanine
Cytosine-guanine
thymine-cytosine
Adenine-thymine
80
Something made up from a community with abiotic factors affecting it is...
A population
An ecosystem
An organism
A biosphere
81
What is the random process where an individual inherits a trait that benefits them?
Natural Selection
Genetic Variation
Evolution
Mutation
82
What position are the homologous chromosomes in during crossing over?
Standing next to each other
Their tips are touching
One is on top of the other
Distant and then crash into each other
83
What do decomposers eat?
Both plants and meat
Plants
The dead
Meat
84
What is an alternative form of a gene?
Phenotype
Allele
Genotype
Trait
85
Which of these is a chromatin not made from?
DNA
Protein
RNA
Bacteria
86
What is an example of fossil record?
Squids have tentacles and humans have arms and legs
Whales and land mammals have placenta
Dolphins and humans both have leg and arm buds and nostrils
Basilosaurid have leg, ankle, and toe bones like humans
87
What happens in Growth 0?
The cells are checked incase there are any mistakes
Cells grow
Cells die off
DNA is replicated
88
What is the process called when a cell goes in a process to make two daughter cells?
Reproduction
Interphase
Cell Cycle
Mitosis
89
What is prophase?
The DNA strands get pulled apart
The DNA strands uncoil and the nuclear membrane disappears
Nuclear membrane comes back and there are two diploid cells
The DNA strands line up in the middle of the cell
90
What is incomplete dominance?
None of the traits are expressed and it is just blue
Both traits try to get expressed but blend together
Both traits are expressed fully at the same time
Only one trait is expressed
91
What is crossing over?
When you pass over an underpass
2 homologous chromosomes pass each other, not interacting
2 homologous chromosomes exchange functions
2 homologous chromosomes exchange parts of their DNA
92
Which two are pyrimidines?
Adenine, guanine
Cytosine, guanine
Adenine, thymine
Cytosine, thymine
93
Which biogeochemical does not use the atmosphere?
Phosphorus
Nitrogen
Water
Carbon and oxygen
94
What is floods, volcanoes, and earthquakes that massively wipe out the environment?
Gradualism
Uniformitarian
Catastrophism
95
If more males are affected on a pedigree chart, then the trait is...
Dominant
Autosomal
Sex-linked
Recessive
96
What is water used for?
It is recycled in processes so organisms have it to live
ATP
Photosynthesis
Cellular respiration
97
Which of these is not in a nucleotide?
Amino acid
Deoxyribose sugar
Base
Phosphate
98
A large community in a major habitat is...
A population
A biosphere
A biome
An ecosystem
99
What is decent with modification?
The different phenotypes within a population
An individual inherits a trait that benefits it
Some organisms can't survive due to competition
All in a species will inherit the trait that is an advantage
100
Levels of organization from smallest to largest:
Population, community, ecosystem
Organism, population, community, biome
Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere
Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
101
What is an example of a mutualistic relationship?
Ticks to humans
Mites to humans/human eyelashes
Clown fish to sea anemones
102
What is Growth 2?
Cells grow
Cells die off
Growth 1 but better
Cells are checked for mistakes that need to be repaired
103
How does mutation "drive" evolution?
The random change can cause a new species to be formed
It causes all of the individuals to look the same
It causes the species affected to immediately die off
It can instantly cause another species to die off
104
Commensalism is when...
Both species are harmed
One species benefits, one remains unaffected
One species benefits, one is harmed
Both species benefit
105
What is adaptation?
Some organisms won't survive due to competition
All in a species will inherit the trait that is an advantage
The different phenotypes within a population
An individual inherits a trait that benefits it
106
What is an example of DNA comparison?
Whales' DNA is closest to hippos
Saliva is the same substance in dogs and humans
Dolphins and humans have limb buds
Whales and humans have finger, arm, and hand bones
107
What is normal distribution?
The individuals most populated are the ones without extremes
The extreme phenotype becomes the average phenotype
Both extremes are favored
One extreme is favored
108
The biological change in a species that causes them to be different from their ancestors is...
Evolution
Crossing Over
Gene Flow
Natural Selection
109
Which of these is not one of Gregor Mendel's three conclusions?
An offspring inherits one trait from each parent
One of the inherited genes is dominant over the other
The traits inherited are random
Genes that control one trait are separate from another trait
110
A group of the same species living together is...
A population
An ecosystem
A community
An organism
111
An offspring bred from parents with the same genes completely dominant or recessive is...
Recessive
Autosomal
Purebred
Dominant
112
Which of these is a portion of Interphase?
Cytokinesis
Growth 2
Growth 1
Synthesis
113
What are heterotrophs?
Consumers
Bacteria
Producers
114
What is genetic variation?
The loss of diversity in a population
All of the combined alleles of a population
The rate of how often a trait appears in a population
The difference of genetic variety within a species
115
What does DNA stand for?
Ribose Acid
Deoxyribose nucleic acid
Deoxyribosomal Nucleic Acid
Dangerously nefarious acid
116
Which of these is
not
shown to decrease in a pyramid?
Population
Water
Energy
Biomass
117
What is gene flow?
When a species colonizes a new area
Change in species that causes them to differ from ancestors
The movement of alleles across a population
The loss of genetic diversity
118
What happens in anaphase?
Nuclear membrane comes back and two diploid cells are made
DNA strands are pulled apart
DNA strands line up in the middle
The nuclear membrane disappears and DNA strands uncoil
119
What genes take longer to complete during crossing over?
Longer chromosomes
Genes at the end
Genes in the middle
Shorter chromosomes
120
If something controls a trait and looks like "Tt" then it is a...
Genotype
Phenotype
121
What describes events that shape the Earth that happened in the past and currently happen?
Uniformitarian
Gradualism
Catastrophism
122
What is an autosome?
A chromosome that is dominant
A sex chromosome
A chromosome that is recessive
Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
123
Why do females have two different chances to inherit a trait?
They have two X chromosomes
Females have four X chromosomes
Females have a trait that allows them to have more diversity
Males only have one X chromosome
124
tRNA carries amino acids and makes an amino acid chain in what?
Replication
Mitosis
Translation
Transcription
125
Why are pedigree charts important?
Punnet squares take years to learn
Pedigree charts are more visual and able to show families
126
When something is shaded on a pedigree chart, what does it usually represent?
The organism has died
The organism does not have the disease
The organism has the disease
c
127
What happens in metaphase?
The DNA strands line up in the middle of the cell
The DNA strands uncoil and the nuclear membrane disappears
Nuclear membrane comes back and two diploid cells are made
The DNA strands get pulled apart
128
How does genetic drift drive evolution?
It inevitably ends in the extinction of a species
It creates a new species
All individuals will look the same and are not able to adapt
It forces species to move to different habitats
129
What is a keystone species?
A species that relies on multiple other species in food web
A species that others rely on to survive
A species that relies on another species to always survive
A species in Keystone National Park
130
Recessiveness is...
An allele that is never expressed
An allele that is expressed the majority of the time
An allele that is expressed 50% of the time
An allele that is rarely expressed, but can still be so
131
Parasitism is when...
One species benefits, one is harmed
Both species benefit
Both species are harmed
One species benefits, one remains unaffected
132
What is nitrogen used for?
ATP
It helps DNA, proteins, and amino acids
Bacteria relies on it
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration
133
What shape is DNA?
Double-spherical
Double helix
Single helix
Singular and spherical
134
What are carbon and oxygen used for?
Just photosynthesis
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Just cellular respiration
None of the other answers are correct
135
How do consumers get energy?
By using chemicals from around them
By eating other levels of nourishment
By using sunlight from photosynthesis
By using other methods of getting energy
136
What adds nucleotides to make complementary strands?
DNA polymerase
RNA
DNA ligase
Helicase
137
How did Gregor Mendel cross two purebred pea plants?
He planted them into a garden and waited a long time
He planted them in the same pot of soil
He didn't. He was a fraud and stole everyone else's results
He put the pollen from one pea plant to the other
138
What is recombination?
A random change in DNA that causes a new allele to be formed
A new allele is formed during recombination
The rate of how often a trait appears in a population
All the combined alleles within a population
139
What is an example of stabilizing selection?
Brown-blue headed buntings seen as threat, solid colors live
Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics
Big/small gall wasp eggs eaten and only medium-sized survive
140
How does sexual selection drive evolution?
It doesn't
Males get more aggressive by constantly asserting dominance
Females reproduce more
Interbreeding can create new traits
141
What is cytokinesis?
Cytoplasm is replicated
Cells grow
DNA is replicated
Cells die off
142
True or false: all the bases are placed on the DNA strands at the same time.
True
False
143
What does "Oikos" translate to?
Shelter
Living
House
Residence
144
A group of different species living together is...
A population
A community
An ecosystem
An organism
145
When there is something homozygous, then...
Two alleles are identical for a specific trait
Two alleles are different for a specific trait
146
Dominance is...
An allele that is rarely expressed, but can still be so
An allele that is not ever expressed
An allele that is expressed the majority of the time
An allele from an offspring that is purebred
147
What is intersexual selection?
Males and females reproduce
Males compete to impress the female
148
Variation, overpopulation, adaptation, and decent with modification are examples of what?
Relationships between land mammals and cetaceans
Evolution
Distribution
Natural Selection
149
What were the names of the traits that the pea plants had?
Shared traits
Yes-no traits
One-or-the-other traits
Either-or traits
150
What is a trait that's carried on a sex chromosome?
Dominant
Autosomal
Recessive
Sex-linked trait
151
What is stabilizing selection?
The individuals most populated are the ones without extremes
Both extremes are favored
The extremes become the average
One extreme is favored
152
What does a detrivore eat?
Meat
Things that have already been broken down
Detritus
The dead
153
What is variation?
An individual inherits a trait that helps it survive
Some organisms can't survive due to competition
All in a species will inherit the trait that is an advantage
The different phenotypes in a population
154
Who believed that the Earth couldn't be 6000 years old?
Georges Buffon
Carolus Linnaeus
Erasmus Darwin
Jean Baptise Lamarck
155
What are abiotic factors?
Non-living things that affect living things
Non-living things that sometimes affect living things
Non-living things that don't affect living things
Living things
156
What are sex-linked traits attached to?
Homologous chromosomes
Only X chromosomes
X and Y chromosomes
Only Y chromosomes
157
What is the third trophic level?
Tertiary consumer
Primary consumer
Quaternary consumer
Secondary consumer
158
A maternal and paternal chromosome paired together during meiosis is called what?
Hereterozygous chromosomes
Homozygous chromosomes
Homologous chromosomes
159
What two things don't affect genetic diversity, but still plays into the phenomenon?
Gene pool and allele frequency
Gene pool and mutation
Mutation and recombination
Allele frequency and recombination
160
What is a trophic level?
The level that shows where biomass decreases
Different stage showing where an organism eats one before it
A level of nourishment
The canopy
161
What is genetic drift?
Change in species that causes them to differ from ancestors
The loss of genetic diversity
When a species colonizes a new area
The movement of alleles across a population
162
What is the events of laying down soil or landforms in a slow process over time?
Uniformitarian
Catastrophism
Gradualism
163
What is the complimentary base to adenine (in RNA)?
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine
Uracil
164
Who believed that all warm-blooded animals evolved from the same embryo?
Georges Buffon
Erasmus Darwin
Carolus Linnaeus
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
165
What condenses to form chromosomes in eukaryotic cell division?
Strands of DNA
DNA
Chromatin
RNA
166
Which two are purines?
Adenine, guanine
Adenine, thymine
Thymine, cytosine
Cytosine, guanine
167
What describes the variety of life in a habitat or species?
Genetic variety
Biodiversity
Biosphere
Biome
168
Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and water are what?
Biotic factors
Biogeochemical cycles
Ordinary abiotic factors
Biospheric cycles
169
What is an example of a relationship defined by commensalism?
Clown fish to sea anemones
Ticks to humans
Ticks to humans/human eyelashes
170
What is the sixth trophic level?
Quintery Consumer
Sixtary Consumer
Apex predator
Producer
171
What is an example of directional selection?
Brown-blue headed buntings seen as threat, solid colors live
Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics
Big/small gall wasp eggs eaten and only medium-sized survive
172
Which of these is one of the four factors that drive evolution without natural selection?
Genetic drift
Sexual selection
Gene flow
Mutation
173
What is symbiosis?
A relationship where one or more species benefit(s)
A relationship where more than one species benefits
A relationship where one species benefits
A relationship where one species is harmed
174
What does RNA stand for?
Radical new aminos
Ribonucleic acid
Deoxyribose nucleic acid
Really nefarious acid
175
Why was Gregor Mendel lucky when coming to crossing pea plants?
They were all purebred
They only had either-or traits
They were actually four-leaf clovers
Each gene controlled only one trait
176
Who first thought DNA was a single helix and used math to figure out DNA was a double helix?
James Watson
Francis Crick
Linus Pauling
Rosalind Franklin
177
What kind of pea plants did Gregor Mendel cross?
Purebred
Heterozygous
178
What is an one-base structure called?
Pyrimidine
Purine
179
What is it when women have more of a role in sexual selection due to choosing who to mate with?
Founders Effect
Bottleneck Effect
Sexual Selection
Genetic Drift
180
What do omnivores eat?
Plants
Both plants and meat
Meat
Detritus
181
When something is heterozygous, then...
Two alleles are different for a specific trait
Two alleles are identical for a specific trait
182
What is the fourth trophic level?
Secondary consumer
Quaternary consumer
Primary consumer
Tertiary consumer
183
What are biotic factors?
Non-living things that affect living things
Non-living things that don't affect living things
Non-living things that can sometimes affect living things
Living things
184
What is the root for ecology?
Oikos
Glucose
Zeekos
Eastcoast
185
Why do 5' by 3' strands look upside-down?
It's not actually upside-down, but we see it that way
The bases on this side are heavier so it flips it
It's the only way phosphates can bond
It was a mutation that was never changed in later offspring
186
What happens in Growth 1?
Cells grow
Cells are checked for any mistakes that need to be repaired
The cytoplasm is duplicated
Cells die
187
What is the Law Of Segregation?
Gregor Mendel's data from when he crossed pea plants
Gregor Mendel's singular, ultimate conclusion
Gregor Mendel's three conclusions
Genes that control one trait are separate from another trait
188
Which have two hydrogen bonds?
Cytosine and guanine
Cytosine and thymine
Adenine and guanine
Adenine and thymine
189
If a generation is skipped on a pedigree chart, then the disease is...
Autosomal
Dominant
Sex-linked
Recessive
190
True or false: A trait inherited through natural selection can be passed onto offspring.
False
True
191
What are autotrophs?
Consumers
Producers
Bacteria
192
What does a circle represent on a pedigree chart?
Female
Male
Parent
Offspring
193
Who figured out that DNA carries the inheritable trait by using bacteria?
Erwin Chargaff
Rosalind Franklin
Oswald Avery
Linus Pauling
194
Who believed that all species were put onto an island by a higher being and had to interbreed?
Carolus Linnaeus
Jean Baptise Lamarck
Georges Buffon
Erasmus Darwin
195
The part of Earth where life is, from the highest part of air to lowest point of ocean, is...
An ecosystem
A biosphere
A biome
A community
196
What is an example of disruptive selection?
Brown-blue headed buntings seen as threat, solid colors live
Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotic
Big/small gall wasp eggs eaten and only medium-sized survive
197
When does crossing over take place?
Mitosis
Prophase 1
Prophase
Prophase 2
198
Who believed that offspring inherited the trait their parent(s) used most?
Carolus Linnaeus
Georges Buffon
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
Erasmus Darwin
199
What is allele frequency?
A new allele is formed during crossing over in meiosis
All of the combined alleles in a population
The rate of how often a trait appears in a population
A random change in DNA that causes a new allele to be formed
200
An individual living creature is...
A community
A population
An ecosystem
An organism
201
Why are the DNA strands separated and exposed?
It is much easier to process than if they were together
RNA would not be formed if it was not
To expose bases and nucleotides
The process would automatically fail otherwise
202
What does nitrogen rely on?
Bacteria
Amino acids
DNA
Proteins
