An athlete with asthma experiences wheezing & shortness of breath running in cold weather. Which is best for prevention?

Take a short-acting beta-agonist inhaler before activity

Which exercises would be most appropriate for a patient recovering from ACL surgery in the late-stage rehab phase?

Balance training on an unstable surface

Which of the following is required in order to maintain BOC certification?

Maintain CPR and emergency cardiac care certifications

A volleyball player is 3 weeks post-ACL reconstruction. Which exercise is most appropriate at this stage?

Mini-squats and closed-chain strengthening

A baseball player is struck in the chest & collapses. You suspect commotio cordis. What is your first course of action?

Assess for a pulse and initiate CPR if necessary

Which of the following is the primary concern when managing an open femur fracture on the field?

Controlling hemorrhage and stabilizing the fracture

What is the best way to reduce injury risk in a high school football pre-season strength & conditioning program?

Ensure proper supervision and gradual progression

An athlete with a suspected eating disorder is resistant to seeking help. What is the best course of action?

Encourage athlete to discuss their concerns with mental health professional

An athlete dislocates their hip during a football game. What is the first step in on-field management?

Immobilize the leg in the position found and activate EMS

Which of the following individuals is at greatest risk for a stress fracture?

A gymnast with a history of disordered eating

When assessing an athlete with suspected exertional compartment syndrome, which is most indicative of this condition?

Persistent pain that worsens with exercise and subsides at rest

Athlete recovering from an Achilles tendon rupture is progressing to functional activities. Which is most appropriate?

Standing calf raises with resistance

An athletic trainer wants to improve documentation. Which system is most appropriate for tracking patient progress?

Electronic health records (EHR)

Which is the best way to ensure compliance with HIPAA regulations when discussing an athlete's injury?

Obtain written consent before releasing health information

An athletic trainer is working an away game where they are not familiar. What is best to ensure emergency preparedness?

Review the venue’s emergency action plan (EAP) before the event

A baseball pitcher is struck in the face with a ball sustains a Le Fort III fracture. Which finding is most indicative?

Numbness along the maxillary region and malocclusion

A new-hire athletic trainer is creating pre-participation physical exam protocols. What is the primary purpose of PPE?

To identify any preexisting conditions that may limit participation

Which of the following factors places an athlete at greatest risk for developing exertional hyponatremia?

Drinking large amounts of water without electrolyte replacement

A football player has been diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. Which dietary recommendation is most appropriate?

Consume more red meat, dark leafy greens, and vitamin C-rich foods

Which is most effective during the early rehabilitation phase for a tennis player diagnosed with medial epicondylitis?

Using a counterforce brace and modifying technique

What type of medical documentation system organizes notes by specific body parts or injury categories?

Problem-oriented medical record (POMR)

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Athletic Training BOC Review

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Questions 80

Answers

1
A football player reports burning pain and numbness down the lateral arm after a collision. What is most likely injured?
Axillary Nerve
Brachial Plexus
Radial Nerve
Suprascapular Nerve
2
Which therapeutic modality is most effective for managing acute pain and inflammation in an acute ankle sprain?
Moist heat packs
Electrical stimulation
Ultrasound
Cryotherapy
3
Wrestler reports shortness of breath & chest pain after taking a blow to the chest. Which is the most likely condition?
Pulmonary contusion
Rib fracture
Pneumothorax
Cardiac tamponade
4
An athlete with asthma experiences wheezing & shortness of breath running in cold weather. Which is best for prevention?
Increase carbohydrate intake before workouts
Take a short-acting beta-agonist inhaler before activity
Avoid all outdoor activity in cold environments
Perform an extended cool-down after exercise
5
Which exercises would be most appropriate for a patient recovering from ACL surgery in the late-stage rehab phase?
Balance training on an unstable surface
Deep squats with high resistance
Seated knee extension with resistance
Isometric quadriceps contractions
6
Which of the following modalities is contraindicated for a patient with Raynaud’s phenomenon?
Cryotherapy
Electrical stimulation
Hydrotherapy
Ultrasound
7
Which is the most reliable method for assessing core body temperature in a collapsed athlete with suspected heat stroke?
Oral thermometer
Rectal thermometer
Tympanic thermometer
Axillary thermometer
8
How many total pairs of spinal nerve roots are there?
20
25
16
31
9
A Bankart lesion occurs at which structure?
Humeral head
Biceps tendon
Glenoid fossa
Glenoid labrum
10
Which of the following is required in order to maintain BOC certification?
Obtain a minimum of 100 CEU's per year
Maintain CPR and emergency cardiac care certifications
Retake the BOC exam every 5 years
Work in an accredited sports medicine clinic
11
A volleyball player is 3 weeks post-ACL reconstruction. Which exercise is most appropriate at this stage?
Unilateral hops
Mini-squats and closed-chain strengthening
Deep squats with resistance
Sprinting drills
12
A baseball player is struck in the chest & collapses. You suspect commotio cordis. What is your first course of action?
Administer supplemental oxygen
Apply an AED and deliver a shock if indicated
Transport the athlete to the ER immediately
Assess for a pulse and initiate CPR if necessary
13
The anterior band of the UCL is taut during:
Full extension
Between 90 and full flexion
Full flexion and extension
Full flexion
14
Cubital valgus is defined as having a carrying angle greater than:
15 degrees
8 degrees
10 degrees
20 degrees
15
Which of the following is the primary concern when managing an open femur fracture on the field?
Assessing distal pulse and sensation
Controlling hemorrhage and stabilizing the fracture
Preventing infection
Reducing the fracture immediately
16
What is the best way to reduce injury risk in a high school football pre-season strength & conditioning program?
Ensure proper supervision and gradual progression
Require daily 2-hour lifting sessions
Train only on artificial turf to mimic game conditions
Focus on high-intensity exercises immediately
17
An athlete with a suspected eating disorder is resistant to seeking help. What is the best course of action?
Encourage athlete to discuss their concerns with mental health professional
Inform the coaching staff so they can monitor the athlete’s behavior
Restrict the athlete from competition until their weight normalizes
Require the athlete to undergo counseling before returning to play
18
What is a possible complication to a scapular injury?
Point tenderness
Dislocated humerus
Lung injury
Contusion
19
An athlete hit in the right upper quadrant complains of dizziness/nausea/radiating pain. Which is most likely injured?
Pancreas
Kidney
Liver
Spleen
20
An athlete dislocates their hip during a football game. What is the first step in on-field management?
Attempt to reduce the dislocation
Immobilize the leg in the position found and activate EMS
Apply an ice pack and compression wrap
Assist the athlete into a standing position
21
Which of the following individuals is at greatest risk for a stress fracture?
A gymnast with a history of disordered eating
A soccer player with strong lower body musculature
A swimmer training for a long-distance event
A football lineman performing heavy weight training
22
When assessing an athlete with suspected exertional compartment syndrome, which is most indicative of this condition?
Immediate onset of swelling and bruising
A positive Thompson Test
Decreased capillary refill and absent distal pulses
Persistent pain that worsens with exercise and subsides at rest
23
Athlete recovering from an Achilles tendon rupture is progressing to functional activities. Which is most appropriate?
Isometric calf contractions
Standing calf raises with resistance
Single-leg balance on an unstable surface
Passive stretching into dorsiflexion
24
An athletic trainer wants to improve documentation. Which system is most appropriate for tracking patient progress?
Incident report forms
Patient satisfaction surveys
Electronic health records (EHR)
SOAP note system
25
Which is the best way to ensure compliance with HIPAA regulations when discussing an athlete's injury?
Discuss the injury openly if the athlete is present
Post injury updates on the team's website for transparency
Obtain written consent before releasing health information
Share only necessary details with the coaching staff
26
Which direction of mobilization is most beneficial to improve shoulder abduction in a swimmer with shoulder impingement?
Inferior glide
Posterior glide
Anterior glide
Lateral glide
27
Which of the following airway management techniques is contraindicated in a suspected cervical spine injury?
Nasopharyngeal airway insertion
Oropharyngeal airway insertion
Jaw-thrust maneuver
Head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver
28
An AT suspects a Jones fracture in an athlete with lateral foot pain. What anatomical structure is involved?
Cuboid
Medial cuneiform
Navicular bone
Base of the 5th metatarsal
29
Which special test involves the patient holding a horizontal abduction/adduction isometric contraction?
SC Glide
AC Compression
AC Arthrosis
AC Traction
30
Which phase of overhead pitching is most likely to place increased stress on the elbow?
Arm cocking
Follow-through
Wind up
Acceleration
31
When rehabilitating a Grade II lateral ankle sprain, which of the following should be emphasized first?
Proprioceptive training
Strengthening exercises
Pain-free range of motion
Plyometrics
32
A basketball player reports anterior shoulder pain during overhead movement. Which would be best to confirm impingement?
Speeds Test
Yergason’s Test
Hawkins-Kennedy Test
O’Brien’s Test
33
Complaints of burning, numbness, & tingling down the forearm and 4th/5th fingers indicates pathology in which nerve?
Radial nerve
Median nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve
Ulnar nerve
34
Which of the following structures passes through the transverse foramen?
Vertebral vein
Brachial plexus
Vertebral artery
Vertebral nerve
35
All of the following belong to the pectoral girdle except:
Manubrium
Clavicle
Pectoralis Major
Scapula
36
All of the following are contents of the cubital fossa except:
Musculocutaneus nerve
Ulnar nerve
Brachial artery
Median nerve
37
During a concussion evaluation, an athlete has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 10. What does this indicate?
Severe head injury
No concussion symptoms
Moderate head injury
Mild head injury
38
Which pathology is also known as frozen shoulder?
Adhesive capsulitis
Impingement
Apprehension
AC joint sprain
39
An athletic trainer is working an away game where they are not familiar. What is best to ensure emergency preparedness?
Confirm with the host athletic trainer that EMS is available
Review the venue’s emergency action plan (EAP) before the event
Designate a team member to call 911 in an emergency
Bring a fully stocked emergency medical bag
40
A baseball pitcher is struck in the face with a ball sustains a Le Fort III fracture. Which finding is most indicative?
Numbness along the maxillary region and malocclusion
Deviation of the tongue when sticking it out
Swelling and bruising around the eyes with difficulty breathing
Severe pain and crepitus along the nasal septum
41
A new-hire athletic trainer is creating pre-participation physical exam protocols. What is the primary purpose of PPE?
To ensure athletes meet team fitness standards
To establish a baseline of strength and conditioning
To identify any preexisting conditions that may limit participation
To verify insurance coverage
42
An athlete experiences persistent pain in the anatomical snuffbox after FOOSH. Which injury should be suspected?
Scaphoid fracture
Bennett's fracture
Colles' fracture
Lunate dislocation
43
Which of the following factors places an athlete at greatest risk for developing exertional hyponatremia?
Drinking large amounts of water without electrolyte replacement
Excessive sodium intake before exercise
Using carbohydrate-rich sports drinks
Exercising in dry, hot conditions without adequate hydration
44
A football player has been diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. Which dietary recommendation is most appropriate?
Increase fiber intake to improve digestion
Increase consumption of dairy products
Avoid vitamin C, as it inhibits iron absorption
Consume more red meat, dark leafy greens, and vitamin C-rich foods
45
Which is most effective during the early rehabilitation phase for a tennis player diagnosed with medial epicondylitis?
Performing wrist flexion exercises with free weights
Using a counterforce brace and modifying technique
Applying moist heat before activity
Strengthening the wrist flexors with resistance bands
46
When assessing joint play at the proximal radioulnar joint, which bone do you mobilize?
Humerus
None of the above
Radius
Ulna
47
All of the following muscles originate from the lateral epicondyle via the common extensor tendon, except:
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor digitorum communis
48
All of the following make up the suboccipital triangle except:
Oblique capitis inferior
Rectus capitis posterior minor
Oblique capitis superior
Rectus capitis posterior major
49
Pain with active wrist flexion and passive wrist extension would indicate which of the following conditions?
Medial epicondylitis
Radial head fracture
Lateral epicondylitis
UCL sprain
50
What type of medical documentation system organizes notes by specific body parts or injury categories?
Problem-oriented medical record (POMR)
Electronic health record (EHR)
SOAP note system
Narrative charting
51
When designing a functional movement screening for a soccer player, which of the following is most important to assess?
Shoulder external rotation
Deep squatting ability
Bench press mechanics
Seated hamstring flexibility
52
Axial loading combined with flexion may cause a dislocation of a vertebrae in what direction?
Laterally
Medially
Posteriorly
Anteriorly
53
Which condition is termed little league elbow?
Lateral epicondylitis
Valgus extension overload
Medial epicondylitis
Cubital tunnel syndrome
54
A football team is training in hot, humid conditions. Which is the best method to prevent exertional heat illness?
Require athletes to drink a minimum of 500 mL of water every 30 minutes
Adjust practice intensity based on wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT)
Limit practice duration to under 2 hours
Schedule practices during mid-afternoon to acclimate athletes
55
An athlete has with pain at the elbow lateral epicondyle, worsening with wrist extension. Which injury is most likely?
Lateral epicondylitis
Ulnar nerve entrapment
Olecranon bursitis
Medial epicondylitis
56
An athlete hears a “pop” in their knee & present with swelling, pain, & instability. Which test is most appropriate?
Lachman's test
Thessaly's test
Apley's compression test
McMurray's test
57
The humeroradial articulation at the elbow joint occurs between:
Head of radius to capitulum
Trochlea and trochlear notch
Trochlea and coronoid process
Head of radius to trochlea
58
Which modality is most appropriate for reducing pain and muscle spasm in a patient with chronic low back pain?
Cryotherapy
Iontophoresis
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
Continuous ultrasound
59
A cross-country athlete has recently increased training and complains of shin pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Peroneal tendonitis
Anterior compartment syndrome
Medial tibial stress syndrome
Tibial fracture
60
In accordance with HIPAA, which situation permits the release of an athlete’s medical records without written consent?
The athlete’s coach asks for the records to adjust practice drills
A physician involved in the athlete’s treatment requests information
The athletic director wants confirmation of an athlete’s injury status
The athlete’s parent requests their records
61
A 2-week post-op ACL patient is performing weight-bearing exercises. What is the primary goal of this phase of rehab?
Achieving full range of motion
Returning to sport-specific activities
Developing full quadriceps strength
Reducing swelling and improving neuromuscular control
62
Which muscle resists varus stress of the elbow?
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Supinator
Anconeus
Pronator Teres
63
Athlete has morning Achilles pain that improves with activity & worsens after prolonged exercise. Which is most likely?
Retrocalcaneal bursitis
Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction
Achilles tendinopathy
Achilles tendon rupture
64
Athlete collapses during practice- unresponsive, not breathing, & pulseless. What is the first step in emergency care?
Perform abdominal thrusts
Call 911 and begin chest compressions
Wait for EMS before starting CPR
Check blood pressure and administer oxygen
65
Which of the following is required to maintain BOC certification as an athletic trainer?
Retaking the BOC exam every 10 years
Being employed full-time in an athletic training position
Submitting a case study to the BOC every five years
Completing a minimum number of continuing education units (CEUs)
66
Which of the following is the best method for managing a suspected cervical spine injury?
Log-roll the athlete onto a stretcher without a spine board
Apply a rigid cervical collar and transport immediately
Instruct the athlete to sit up slowly to assess symptoms
Maintain cervical stabilization and monitor airway until EMS arrives
67
The elbow flexion test is assessing for which of the following pathologies?
Median nerve compression
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Ulnar nerve compression
Radial nerve compression
68
Which bony landmark does the biceps brachii insert into?
Radial tuberosity
Styloid process
Radial head
Ulnar tuberosity
69
What muscles are immediately deep to the sternocleidomastoid (SCM)?
Scalenes
Trapezius
Spinalis
Longissmus
70
Which muscle performs elbow flexion while in a pronated position?
Biceps brachii
Brachioradialis
Brachialis
Supinator
71
During a concussion evaluation, an athlete exhibits anterograde amnesia. Which is consistent with this finding?
The athlete experiences photophobia
The athlete cannot recall events after the injury
The athlete has difficulty maintaining balance
The athlete cannot recall events before the injury
72
An athletic trainer working at a high school wants to implement emergency action plans. Which must be included?
The names of all certified athletic trainers in the area
The locations of AEDs and emergency equipment
The head coach’s contact information
A list of athletes with preexisting conditions
73
Most clavicular fractures occur in which area?
Medial 1/3
Lateral 1/3
Distal 1/3
Middle 1/3 to 2/3
74
When assessing an anterior shoulder dislocation, which of the following special tests is most appropriate?
Hawkins-Kennedy Test
Speed's Test
Apprehension Test
Yergason's Test
75
When performing horizontal abduction at the shoulder joint, what movement is the scapula performing?
Downward Rotation
Abduction/Protraction
Adduction/Retraction
Depression
76
An athlete collapses & is disoriented, has hot dry skin, & core temperature of 105°F. What is the best immediate action?
Activate EMS and cold water immersion until body temperature drops to 101°F
Wrap the athlete in a wet towel and fan them while waiting for EMS
Provide small amounts of cool water and apply ice packs to the neck & groin
Move the athlete into an air-conditioned environment and monitor vitals
77
Which of the following conditions is most commonly associated with a sudden increase in training volume?
Achilles tendon rupture
Fibular stress fracture
Patellar dislocation
Medial tibial stress syndrome
78
A soccer player reports clicking & locking in their knee along with pain with deep squats. Which is most likely injured?
Patellar tendon
Medial meniscus
Anterior cruciate ligament
Iliotibial band
79
Which of the following is the most effective strategy to prevent heat illness in athletes?
Consuming high-protein meals before exercise
Encouraging athletes to train at peak intensity regardless of weather
Increasing fluid intake before, during, and after activity
Wearing cotton-based clothing
80
Which therapeutic modality is most appropriate to use immediately after an acute ankle sprain?
Cryotherapy
Moist heat pack
Electrical stimulation for muscle re-education
Continuous ultrasound

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