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Review - Gilded Age Flashcards | StudBud
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Review - Gilded Age
Review - Gilded Age
58 terms
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A review of American Industrialization, and the Gilded Age
Flashcards
58 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
During the late 19th century, factory owners often hired child workers because children -
required little supervision
were able to work after school
could be paid low wages
had received job training at school
2
Which of the following occurred as a result of the Sherman Antitrust Act
Workers secured a greater share of company profits
the influence of labor unions on factory owners was reduced
the federal government could dissolve business monopolies
Businesses overseas had to pay fees to open markets overseas
3
The Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor developed in response to the -
increased demand for skilled workers
increased need to protect worker interests
decreased power of political machines
decreased profitability of the agricultural sector
4
Which benefit resulted from the introduction of the Bessemer steel process?
Mechanical reapers to replace horse-drawn reapers.
Stronger and cheaper material for railroads and bridges.
Transistors for radios
Electric lightbulb
5
Based on the picture, which is an accurate statement?
Immigrants were encouraged to learn to speak English
the people in the poster were native-born Americans
Granite City had laws forbidding immigrants move there
Granite City encouraged diversity in its population
6
Ethnic neighborhoods where immigrants spoke native language and shared customs are called -
Tenements
Agrarian societies
Settlement Houses
Ghettos
7
The expansion of America's railroad network in the late 1800s changed the standard of living by -
increasing the availability and variety of consumer goods
discouraged economic competition with foreign countries
creating employment opportunities for women and children
establishing an example for ethical business practices
8
During the Gilded Age there was a notable increase in federal support for -
the acquisition of foreign territories
the growth of big business
involvement in foreign wars
increased temperance regulations
9
During the nineteenth century, one way political bosses gained voters support was by -
providing public assistance for former slaves
campaigning for women's suffrage
advocating the use of poll taxes
making improvements in urban infrastructure
10
During the late 1800s, what was a major effect of industrialization on American workers?
workers migrated to rural regions
most factor jobs became service industry jobs
membership in labor unions declined
skilled craftsmen were replaced by machine operators
11
This granted citizens 160 acres of government land if improved and lived on for 5 years
Interstate Commerce Act
The Homestead Act
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
The Dawes Act
12
The leading voice in the social reform movement that organized a national anti-lynching crusade.
Booker T. Washington
Ida B. Wells
Jane Addams
W.E.B. Dubois
13
Which factor directly contributed to the growth of the American steel industry?
new production techniques
the formation of labor unions
employee ownership
government regulation
14
During Industialization, critics of big business said that monopolies armed the U.S. economy by
preventing technological innovation
unfairly limiting competition
failing to keep pace with European industries
decreasing the urban growth rate
15
Industrialization during the later 1800s contributed to the development of organized labor because it -
allowed individuals to accumulate huge fortunes
created low-waged, low-skill jobs that made employees easy to replace
contributed to the growth of college business programs
reduced the demand for hourly wage earners
16
Which of the following is a PUSH factor?
Economic Opportunity
Freedom
Religious/Ethnic Persecution
Cultural Ties
17
Why did the Populist Party want free coinage of silver?
to raise campaign contribution limits
to increase the amount of moneey in circulation
to reduce economic inflation
to decrease the bargaining power of labor unions
18
The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was primarily a response to -
China's actions during the Boxer Rebellion
competition for jobs on the West Coast
rapid population growth in the Northeast
increased U.S. presence in China
19
What was the main purpose of the antitrust legislation passed by Congress?
to promote corporate consolidation
to restrict foreign access to American markets
to protect competition between private businesses
to reduce the average size of business
20
Why did industrial workers form labor unions?
unsafe working conditions
All answers are correct
long hours and low pay
child labor
21
Jacob Riis' book,
How the Other Half Lives
, reveled what major issue?
Harsh conditions of tenement housing in U.S. cities
Discrimination against African Americans in U.S. cities
Growing conflict between rural regions and U.S. cities
Increasing efforts to reduce Chinese immigration to U.S. cities
22
During the late 1800s and early 1900s, prejudice against "New Immigrants" grew because they -
tried to replace democracy with other forms of government
had job skills superior to those of most American workers
came from cultural backgrounds different than most Americans
formed their own labor unions in order to get higher wages
23
Which philanthropist formed a monopoly in the steel industry?
John D. Rockefeller
Samuel Gompers
Jane Addams
Andrew Carnegie
24
As a result of technological innovations in the late 1800s and early 1900s, industrialized nations -
raised their standard of living
increased immigration restrictions
eliminated periods of economic depression
lowered protective tariffs
25
In the late nineteenth century, "bosses" of urban political machines often -
discriminated against migrant workers
denied voting rights to the poor
accepted bribes in return for favors
wasted money on military spending
26
This Act sought to speed up the Americanization of Native Americans and abolished all tribes
The Homestead Act
The American Indian Citizenship Act
The Dawes Act
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act
27
The Interstate Commerce Act (1887) and the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) were efforts by the federal government to -
move toward government ownership of key industries
expand the positive features of the trust
favor big businesses over small companies
regulate aspects of business
28
Boss Tweed is an example of
None of the above
Muckraker
Political Boss
Political Machine
29
Often immigrants lived in crowded one-room apartments with no running water or heat called -
Settlement House
Tenement
Hull House
Ethnic Ghetto
30
With the passing of Amendments 13th, 14th, & 15th, many states passed Jim Crow laws. The purpose of these laws was to -
encourage intergration
enforce segregation
outlaw Black Codes
protected voting rights
31
How did the discovery of mineral deposits of gold, silver, lead, and copper affect demographic patterns in the West?
The overall western population became younger due to an influx of families
Population in the West dropped as people moved to mining towns in the North
Urban populations declined as more people moved to rural areas.
Western populations increased as more people moved west hoping to get rich.
32
The most significant improvement to U.S. transportation in the late 1800s was the -
completion of the Erie Canal
invention of the steamboat
expansion of railroads
extension of the turnpike system
33
What best describes a positive contribution of Andrew Carnegie?
Carnegie helped workers obtain better conditions in his factories.
He obtained secret rebates from railroad companies shipping his products.
Carnegie obtained near monopoly control of one part of a national industry.
He had large productions and used profits in philanthropic activities.
34
Which technological innovation directly enabled the construction of skyscrapers in U.S. cities in the late 1800s?
Whitney's interchangeable parts
Bessemer's steel process
Taylor's scientific management
Fulton's steam engine
35
The Interstate commerce act and Sherman Anti-trust acts were efforts by the government to -
move toward government ownership of key industries
regulate aspects of business
expand the positive features of the trusts
favor big business over small companies
36
Nativists in California in the 1800s would most likely have supported the -
creation of settlement houses to aid new immigrants
assimilation of Native American Indians into mainstream USA
Continuation of the contract labor system
passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act
37
The creation of initiative, referendum, and recall during the Progressive Era resulted in -
the expansion of citizen's direct participation in gov't
a redistribution of the tax burden among citizens
a system of separate schools for new immigrants
more sources of revenue for state governments
38
Which was an important benefit of the laissez-fair polities of the federal government in the late nineteenth century?
American workers felt secure about the safety of conditions in factories.
American workers found it easy to organize into labor unions
Businesses were able to avoid the ups & downs of the business cycle.
Entrepreneurs invest in their businesses w/ little government interference
39
Which is an important benefit of
laissez-fair
policies of the US government in the late 1800s?
American workers easily formed labor unions
Entrepreneurs were able to invest in their businesses
Businesses avoided the up and downs of the business cycle
Workers felt secure about their safety in American factories
40
Why were immigrants hopeful about their future in America?
The U.S. social security system provided financial and medical benefits
American cities had large and comfortable tenement apartment buildings.
There were many jobs and business opportunities in America
Nativism and Social Darwinism were expanding in American cities
41
Tammany Hall is an example of a
Political Boss
Political Machine
Social Darwinsim
Muckraker
42
What is the Bessemer Process?
a new method of refining crude oil developed in the 1800s
how women voted in Industrial America
A new method of producing steel in the late 1800s
The method of shipping across the nation
43
Which was a successful example of "Americanization"?
The Homestead Act made federal land available to settlers
The Dawes Act led Native Americans to sell their lands
Congress prohibited the immigration of Chinese workers
The children of New Immigrants learned English in public schools
44
This act granted US citizenship to all Native Americans born in the United States
The Dawes Act
The American Indian Citizenship Act
Sherman Anti-trust Act
The Homestead Act
45
The demographic structure of the United States changed in the late nineteenth century with the arrival of -
German immigrants fleeing Europe prior to the outbreak of WWI
political refugees coming to the U.S. from the former Spanish colonies
migrants from Mexico seeking agricultural jobs during a depression
immigrants from southern and eastern Europe seeking industrial jobs
46
How did Andrew Carnegie contribute to civic and social life in the United States?
By supporting conservative ideals in federal legislation and foreign policy
By creating philanthropic organizations dedicated to education and the arts
By creating a charitable foundation to end hunger
By promoting spiritual and moral values in public schools
47
Which 19th century philanthropist started Standard Oil?
John D. Rockefeller
Jane Addams
Samuel Gompers
Andrew Carnegie
48
The movement of people from the countryside to towns and cities
overcrowding
Urbanization
Rural migration
municipal tenements
49
Which one of the following was an effect of the Great Migration?
Many industrial cities like Chicago and Cincinnati lost laborers
Many Americans began migrating south to find business opportunities
Many Europeans immigrants began moving across the Great Plains
Many Black Americans transitioned from farmers to urban industrial workers
50
Which is NOT true about the free enterprise economic system?
Individuals were free to produce and sell what they wished
prices were set by supply and demand
inefficient companies were regulated by the government
people could go into business to make a profit
51
Which of the following occurred between 1865 and 1900 as a result of the rapid industrialization of the United States?
Union membership increased as workers sought better pay and conditions
Social and economic class divisions began to disappear
Concerns about air pollution led to stricter environmental regulations
Factory owners introduced wage-equity policies for women in the workplace
52
A chief characteristic of the Gilded Age includes -
expansion of rights for women and minorities
an artistic revival in literature and art
reform efforts to address the effects of urbanization
growth of big business and western expansion
53
What was on reason for the expansion of machine politics in the late 19th century?
Local gov't couldn't provide basic services for immigrants
restrictions prevented voters from influencing local gov't
settlement houses failed to help immigrants adjust to city
the economy was too tightly regulated to allow urban growth
54
What is one result of factory jobs increasing to meet production demands?
Increased life expectancies in urban areas
Increased birth rates in rural areas
Increased migration to urban areas
Increased property values in rural areas
55
Which of the following is a PULL factor?
Freedom
Oppression
Poverty
War
56
The primary objective of the Dawes Act was to -
end warfare between American Indians and the U.S. Military
promote cultural assimilation of American Indians
turn American Indian reservations into corporate farmland
promote American Indian investment in private industry
57
After 1880, where did the majority of "New Immigrants" to the U.S. come from?
Northern and Western Europe
Canada and Latin America
Southern and Eastern Europe
China and Southeast Asia
58
The federal government gave land grants to railroads in order to -
prevent the growth of labor unions in U.S. industries
promote government ownership of factories
support the economic development of the West
prevent European investors from controlling U.S. industry