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Duplicate of Population Dynamics Review
Duplicate of Population Dynamics Review
61 terms
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Population Dynamics (ecology and human growth) Review
Flashcards
61 cards
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Questions
61
Answers
1
In which demographic transition stage do birth rates remain high & death rates decline?
Industrial
Post-Industrial
Pre-Industrial
Transitional
2
What sets humans apart from the other animals in terms of population growth?
Humans control population growth by only replacing males
human population follows typical predator-prey oscillations
Avoid pop crashes from lim res by tech advances to feed pop
Human populations are in steady state
3
The estimate of the amount of land & ocean required to provide resources & absorb wastes
ecological footprint
carrying capacity
stewardship
demography
4
According to the data in the table below, which country has the highest fertility rate?
D
A
B
C
5
What is the age of highest percentage of males in the US in 2014?
50-54
25-29
30-34
20-24
6
What shape age-structure diagram is typical of underdeveloped or developing countries?
diamond
pyramid
coke bottle
barrel (rectangular)
7
The diagram to the left best illustrates the population profile of
USA
Kenya
Japan
Italy
8
What form of population dispersal is usually seen in territorial organisms?
uniform
clumped
competitive
random
9
In which of the following countries would individuals have the largest ecological footprints?
China
Canada
India
Malaysia
10
Current world pop is about __ billion; current pop of the U.S. is __ million
7.4 and 3.2
6.7 and 4.2
7.8 and 2.5
7.2 and 1.3
11
Progress through the phases of the demographic transition accompanies _________
increased economic and industrial development
economic recession, civil wars, and revolutions
political unrest and civil strife
deterioration of living standards
12
What kind of information does a survivorship curve show?
the age at which an organism reproduces
the # of surviving members in a population over time
the life history of an individual organism
the age at which each offspring dies
13
Canada's growth rate in early 1990s was 1.38 %/year. How long would it take to double pop?
96.6 years
35 years
50.7 years
19.7 years
14
The richest one fifth of the world's people uses about what percent of the world's resources?
5
85
20
50
15
What happens to the Birth Rate in a demographic transition stage 3 country?
increases rapidly
Reduces slowly
Falls rapidly
Stays the same
16
What could be inferred about an area that has an age structure diagram with a “barrel” shape?
There is high population growth
The population is likely to increase in the future
There is a high proportion of young people to older people
There is low population growth
17
Which continent has the highest fertility rates?
Asia
Australia
Africa
North America
18
Every _ day(s), global human pop inc. by about a million: 1.8 mil infants born, 800,000 die.
5
12
4
1
19
Which country's population likely has a negative growth rate and will shrink in the future?
Nigeria
Germany
Spain
Australia
20
Which shape of an age structure diagram predicts a declining growth rate?
none of the above
inverted pyramid
pyramid
column
21
As the level of education and family income increases, the number of children in a family:
increases
decreases
none of the above
stays the same
22
Which is not likely a result of uncontrolled human population growth?
Pollution of the environment
Increased wind speed
Spread of disease
Food/water shortages
23
The study of human populations and population trends is called:
gross domestic product
population pyramid
demography
family planning
24
Which of the following statements about human carrying capacity is the most likely true?
earth can support 40-50 bil people on a vegetarian diet
In all likelihood, human do not have a carrying capacity
Human technology has been responsible for increasing it
exceeded our carrying capacity exemplified by world hunger
25
Which survivorship curve shows a species that has a high infant mortality rate?
type III
none of the curves represent that species
type I
type II
26
What is an advantage of clumped dispersion for an organism?
decreased competition for mates
increased living space
protection from predators
increased food
27
A disease outbreak would be an example of what type of limiting factor?
secondary
density-independent
density-dependent
primary
28
Frequent hurricanes would be an example of what type of limiting factor?se
density-dependent
secondary
density-independent
primary
29
As country moves from lesser economy, industrialization & inc wealth, cause shift in pop growth
urban areas
demographer
age structure diagrams
theory of demographic transition
30
An organism's maximum ability to produce offspring in ideal conditions would be...
biotic potential
density-dependent factor
fertility rate
growthrate
31
Which country has a population that is growing exponentially?
United States
Mexico
32
Which of the following choices best describes the distribution of human population worldwide?
Clustered across the globe and uniform within countries
Randomly distributed across the globe and within countries
Uniformly distributed across globe, clustered w/in countries
Clustered across the globe and clustered within countries
33
Few offspring, large investment of time and energy in the offspring, survivorship is high.
r-strategist
K-strategist
monogamy
courtship
34
Which factor(s) help increase total fertility rates?
government programs supporting older adults
one-child policies
needing extra help on farms
more children surviving childhood
35
What factors are important to consider when estimating the carrying capacity of the earth?
affluence, population and technology use
affluence and population only
population and technology use only
number of females of child-bearing age
36
Find the population density of 46 flamingos living in 8 square meters.
0.17 flamingos/m2
6flamingos/m2
5.75 flamingos/m2
10flamingos/m2
37
What is the equation to determine population density?
the square root of number of individuals
number of individuals + unit area
Unit Area2 x number of individuals
number of individuals / unit area
38
Canada, Western Europe and Japan are all examples of __________.
middle-income nations
third world nations
high-income, industrialized nations
low-income, developing nations
39
Population sizes change due to ____________
births and deaths
all of the answers
emigration
immigration
40
Avg # of years baby born in a yr in a country can live, w/ current avg life span & death rate
life expectancy
total fertility
affluence
immigration
41
What are the two ways a population decreases in size?
deathrate / immigration
Death rate / emigration
fertility rate / birth rate
Birthrate / immigration
42
Which type of reproductive strategist is a White-tailed deer?
cannot be determined
r Strategist
K strategist
neither
43
Examine the demographic transition graph below and identify the statement below that is TRUE:
PreIndustrial phase, death rates drop, birth rates stay high
Post-Industrial phase, there is negative population growth
Transitional, birth & death rates are high & pop grows rapid
Industrial phase, death rates increase & reach birth rates
44
Large numbers of eggs, little investment of energy in the offspring, low survivorship.
K-strategist
monogamy
courtship
r-strategist
45
The United Nations predicts the total human population will exceed 9.1 billion by 2050 if _
fertility rates stay the same or increase
fertility rates stay the same
fertility rates drop
fertility rates increase
46
In the demographic transition, a stage 1 country’s Birth & DeathRate would be......
Low Birth Low Death
High Birth High Death
High Birth Low Death
Low Birth High Death
47
Dispersion pattern that results from the unequal distribution of resources:
clumped
random
uniform
quasi-random
48
Organisms exiting an ecosystem is called ___________.
death
emigration
immigration
extirpation
49
What is the most common way a population grows?
deaths
births
immigration
emigration
50
Which area would have the lowest population density?
suburb in USA
river in China
tundra in Russia
seacoast in Europe
51
This shows ___ growth
exponential
linear
inverse
logistic
52
If the _____ of a population is exceeded, the population will decrease to a sustainable level..
demographic transition
Population cap
logistic growth
carrying capacity
53
How is human population growth calculated?
Use Census Data
fertility rate - mortality rate, + or - netmigration
Use previous year add all new births
Take a sample & run statistical tests to measure growth
54
In the early 1800s population growth was limited because ________
high mortality rates due to infectious diseases
low mortality rates due to the use of vaccines
high birth rates due to lack of birth control
low birth rates due to women going to school and work
55
In which stage of the demographic transition do birthrates fall, closing gap with death rates?
Industrial
Transitional
Post-Industrial
Pre-Industrial
56
Of the 10 largest cities in the world, those whose pop have grown fastest since 1970 are in
Argentina
China
the United States
India
57
This shows ___ growth:
exponential
linear
logistic
inverse
58
What does the replacement fertility rate depend on the most?
population growth
death rate
total fertility rate
demography
59
Countries with a _____ standard of living tend to have ______ populations.
high, increasing
low, stable
low, decreasing
high, low
60
It is not possible for a population to exceed carrying capacity?
false
true
cannot be determined
61
If the total fertility rate of a nation is less than 2.0 the population is
increasing
Increasing but will level off in about 60-70 years
decreasing
staying the same
