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Covers Standard 1 objective 1 in the Utah State science core for Earth Systems Science
Flashcards
35 cards
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Practice quiz
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Host live
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Questions
35
Answers
1
How did the inner planets gain matter?
Through the accretion or accumlation of matter from space
When heat in their cores expanded them.
As atoms in the crusts unde rwent nuclear fusion.
From the collision of one planet with another
2
People once thought the Earth was the center of the universe. Why did they think this was true
they were not good at making observations
the universe has changed since the early days
the sun and moon appear to go around Earth
the planets were not visible to people then
3
Which of the following would be the best model of the “Big Bang” theory?
launching a rocket engine
lighting a firecracker
throwing a ball
dropping a bag of oranges off of a tall building
4
How would the spectrum of the unknown element on the distant star be described?
offset
reflected
blue shifted
redshifted
5
A small star with a short lifespan will produce what types of elements?
elements that have large atomic weights
elements with smaller atomic weights
elements that are found on small planets
elements that are mostly gases
6
All the elements found on Earth were
formed
where?
in ancient stars
in the gas cloud that formed Earth
in the Sun
in Earth’s core
7
What evidence does this star provide that supports the Big Bang theory?
it is moving towards other objects in the universe.
it is giving off light and heat.
It fuses hydrogen and helium in the core to give off energy.
it is moving away from other objects in the universe.
8
What does a star produce when it undergoes a “nova” or “supernova” explosion?
Mostly uranium and other radioactive elements
Extremely small, energetic particles
All the heavier atoms found in the universe
Huge quantities of hydrogen
9
Bright new stars observed in the remains of exploded star systems are made from what?
from the energy of the exploded stars that has become matter
from the elements produced by the exploded stars
from the elements still remaining from the bigbang explosion
from empty space
10
Which is evidence supporting scientific explanation for heavy element formation?
supernova explosions that have been analyzed by scientists
tracing elements to see where they're from
samples of the matter in our Sun show what it's made of
traveling outside Earth shows stars look the same from space
11
Cultures can explain the origin of the universe.The scientific explanation is different because
Relies on evidence from starlight and other radiation
All scientists agree on it and no further research is needed
It cannot be changed unlike most other explanations
It is widely accepted through stories by all cultures.
12
How would the lightof the star be described by the observer at X?
brighter
faster
red shifted
shape shifter
13
Which stars have the greatest red shift?
Stars in the nearest galaxy that are spinning
Stars closest to Earth where we can see them better.
Stars nearest the Sun where light is more plentiful.
Stars farthest from Earth with the greatest speed.
14
What will the fusion of two hydrogen (H) atoms produce?
one lithium (Li) atom
two helium atoms
one helium atom
one half of a helium (He)atom
15
Which factor allowed the inner terrestrial planets to be formed from denser, rockier material?
Less available matter
Higher temperatures
More gravity
Greater speed
16
Where did the heavy elements that make up Earth come from?
other planets
evaporating comets
colliding asteroids
super novas
17
Which elements were formed in the big bang?
nitrogen, carbon dioxide
hydrogen, helium
carbon, oxygen
chlorine, argon
18
What does much of the evidence for the Big Bang theory depend on?
observations of the big bang occurring in other galaxies.
reading and understanding past discoveries
understanding the data gathered with technology
accepting ideas you cannot understand
19
Which of the following is supported by evidence from red-shifted starlight?
Objects in space are moving toward each other.
Objects in the universe are not moving.
Objects in space do not give off blue wavelengths.
Objects in space are moving away from each other.
20
What evidence supports the nebular theory of solar system formation?
recent formation of new planets inside our solar system
direct observation ofcollapsing stars and matter around them
Measurements of the speed and brightness of distant stars.
geologic evidence from the outer planets,Jupiter and Neptune
21
What happens to the atoms of a star each time it goes through a life stage?
more atoms are formed
the weight of atoms decreases
the atoms become heavier
the atoms change places
22
How do stars produce larger and heavier atoms during their lifespan?
The atoms fuse as the star goes through its life stages.
The atoms bond together in chemical reactions.
The atoms expand because they get hotter.
The atoms are attracted to each other electrically
23
Which statement best describes how technology has helped us understand the solar system?
Technology allows new types of data to be collected quickly.
New technology allows scientists to travel to other planets.
Technology makes scientists limit their observations.
New technology allows the laws of the universe to change
24
What does this story show about the development of scientific theory?
Scientists compete with one another and rarely cooperate
New technology can lead to new discoveries.
Accidents almost always happen in science
Scientific discoveries are rarely rewarded
25
What will the fusion of two helium atoms produce?
a carbon (C ) atom
a berillium (Be) atom
a lithium atom
a boron (B) atom
26
Galileo went to jail for publishing evidence that supported the Heliocentric theory. Why?
His ideas opposed the cultural and religious practices.
It appeared he had illegally stolen the work of others.
Did not follow the correct steps to have his work approved
Scientists have often been sent to jail for new ideas.
27
How did the Big Bang start?
From a tiny point of pure energy.
Several galaxies collided and exploded.
The universe appeared in its current location
Light waves condensed in a single area and matter formed.
28
What has been happening to the matter in the universe since the Big Bang occurred?
Matter is contracting and coming back together again.
Matter has moved outward and collected into galaxies.
Matter has moved from one end of the universe to another.
Matter has been stable and unmoving ever since.
29
How did technology help Hubble make his discovery?
He used telescopes that collected accurate data from space
His work was published in the most recent scientific journal
He was able to work on nights when the sky was clear
He used cell phone technology that was ahead of its time.
30
Why do scientists accept the Big Bang theory?
it seems to make sense
they trust other scientists
it is a belief based on faith
evidence supports it
31
How would an astronomer explain the difference between the two spectra?
The star is moving away from us, lengthening the light waves
The star is fusing a different kind of element than the sun
The element gives off light differently if it is far away
Light traveling through space is warped by the vacuum
32
How do meteorites that fall to Earth support the nebular theory?
Meteorites have evidence of erosional processes on planets
They are the same shape as Earth and the planets.
The meteorites are made from the different elements
The meteorites are the same age and composition as Earth
33
How does CosmicMicrowave Background Radiation support the Big Bang theory?
It is part of the theory that has never been explained.
It is light that has traveled to the edge of the universe.
It is energy left behind from the Big Bang explosion
It is radiation in space that got moved out of the way
34
How does the nebular theory describe the
formation
of the solar system?
A cloud of spinning dust and gas
A giant asteroid collision
A star exploded
Chunks of matter from the big bang were blasted into space
35
How does light from stars support the Big Bang Theory? It shows that
the universe is collapsing again
most objects in space are moving away from one another
the Big Bang happened slowly over millions of years
the light from objects in space is “blue shifted”
