methods study guide

If someone answers a question in a way they think others will find acceptable it is called…

Convenience sampling is a form of probability sampling

What is it called when items are presented in an order that may influence people’s responses?

Using a matched-groups design balances a third variable across groups to avoid confounding

which of the following is correct?

Which is a form of sampling bias?

According to APA format, how many decimals do we round to?

Which method gives every person in a population an equal chance of being selected? 

 A small group of people who participate together in interviews focused on a particular topic or issue

What is the practice of testing different participants in different orders?

How many anchors are most commonly seen on a rating scale?

 Experiments must have which of the following?

Which is a con of qualitative research?

What does BRUSO stand for?

What is the most common statistic for internal consistency?

What is it called when people change their behavior because they know they’re being observed?

Sample size doesn’t really matter as small and large samples produce the same results 

How do we verify that the independent variable has been appropriately manipulated?

 “Intelligence is the ability to learn, reason, solve problems, and adapt to new situations.” operational or conceptual

____ is when participants are one person, one group, one event, etc.

Which alpha level would be acceptable to use when measuring internal consistency?

Outliers are scores that are outside how many standard deviations from the mean?

In what design(s) are participants not compared to a control group?

____ is when you compare qualitative and quantitative results for similarities and differences

____ is when the act of measuring the dependent variable during the pretest affects participant’s responses at posttest

which is the most important to statistics?

___ is a blend of qualitative and quantitative data

 “Take care to do no harm” is what general principle?

The APA ethics code outlines rules for research, teaching, and practice

where can you usually find conceptual definitions?

 Reliability means scores are consistent across…

Quantitative is when the data is numbers and qualitative is when the data is not numbers (like sentences)

When should you use a between-subjects design

In a between-subjects design how many levels of the independent variable are there?

What kind of reliability is consistent across several items?

Quasi-experiments can establish causation

What group gets no treatment in order to compare against another group?

Naturalistic observation is conducted in public with people & the researcher is interested in no specific behavior

What are experiments with serious flaws, limits, and casual interferences?

 Open ended questions allow participants to answer however they choose

“Promote accuracy, honesty, and truthfulness” is what general principle?

Who must approve research studies?

What can be found in the participants section of a journal article?

 What occurs when participants perform a task worse in a later condition because they are bored or tired

What does n represent?

Reliability means the measure is measuring what it’s supposed to while validity means it is consistent.

Both experimental and descriptive research can establish cause and effect