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AP Literature -- Literary Terms
AP Literature -- Literary Terms
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1
A lyric poem usually marked by serious, respectful, and exalted feelings toward the subject.
Montage
Motif
Litotes
Ode
2
Allegory
Central character who lacks conventional heroic qualities.
A mocking, satirical assault on a person or situation.
Statement that fails to follow logically from the one before
Characters or events symbolize ideas and concepts.
3
Adage
Truthful saying or prover; couched in metaphorical language.
The repetition of an initial consonant sound.
A concise but ingenious, witty, and thoughtful statement.
3 periods (. . .) indicating the omission of 1 word or more.
4
Euphony
Pleasing, harmonious sounds.
A story containing unreal, imaginary features.
Structure that provides premise or setting for a narrative.
The interpretation or analysis of a text.
5
Quotation in which actual words are not stated but only approximated or paraphrased.
Indirect Quotation
Lampoon
Metaphysical
Meter
6
Dark Comedy
Setting or scene elicits an emotional response.
Humor that makes light of an otherwise solemn subject matter
Repetition of an initial consonant sound.
Figure of speech; addresses an object, concept, or person
7
The Anglo-Saxon language spoken in what is now England from approximately 450 to 1150AD.
Middle English
Late English
Ending English
Old English
8
Also called a ‘pen name’ or ‘nom de plume,’ -- a false name used by some authors.
Printer
Pseudonym
Rhetoric
Publisher
9
Total environment for the action in a novel or play: time, place, history, and social, etc.
Narration
Setting
Area of Effect
Subtext
10
Dystopia
Pleasing, harmonious sounds.
Use of successive lines with no punctuation or pause.
The interpretation or analysis of a text.
Imagined setting in which everything is unpleasant or bad.
11
Verisimilitude
Similar to the truth: convinces readers of veracity of work.
Fiction set in an ideal or perfect community.
The character flaw or error of a tragic hero.
Intelligent humor.
12
Connotation
Belief emphasizing faith and optimism in human potential.
A story containing unreal, imaginary features.
Earlier event is inserted into the normal order of the plot.
A secondary, or implied meaning.
13
Character (Static/Flat)
Goes through change or growth in the story.
A concise but ingenious, witty, and thoughtful statement.
Remains the same throughout; does not experience change.
It is the most exciting or intense part of the story.
14
Narrator with unlimited awareness.
Pathetic Fallacy
Point of View
Omniscient Narrator
Limited Narrator
15
Referring to all characters and places with: (he, she, they).
Point of View (Last Person)
Point of View (First Person)
Point of View (Second Person)
Point of View (Third Person)
16
Told by the narrator from his/her point of view. It is identified by the use of "I" or “Me.”
Point of View (Third Person)
Point of View (Last Person)
Point of View (Second Person)
Point of View (First Person)
17
Oxymoron
When opposite or contradictory words are placed together.
Episodic novel; rogue like wanderer living off his wits.
A verse with five poetic feet per line.
It represents an appeal to the audience's emotions.
18
Anthropomorphism
Structure that provides premise or setting for a narrative.
A story containing unreal, imaginary features.
Human quality, emotion, or ambition is given to a non-human.
Setting or scene elicits an emotional response in reader.
19
Anglo-Saxon poetic device: "whale road" for ocean, or "ring-giver" for king.
Malapropism
Kenning
Allegory
Lampoon
20
Idyll
Lyric poem or passage describing an ideal life or place
Words that imitate or represent a sound.
Name of a thing is replaced by one of its qualities.
Succession of images or impressions used to express an idea.
21
Occurs when a piece of writing is making fun of a human weakness or character flaw.
Satire
Smilie
Setting
Sonnet
22
Atmosphere
Blurs the line between hero and villain.
Grotesque likeness of striking qualities.
Setting or scene elicits an emotional response.
23
Occurs when the reader knows something but the characters within the story do not.
Verbal Irony
Dramatic Irony
Situational Irony
24
Anti-Hero
The interpretation or analysis of a text.
Cleansing of spirit; the pity & terror of a dramatic tragedy
A central character who lacks conventional heroic qualities.
The dictionary definition of a word, its literal meaning.
25
Persona
Attaching human traits to inanimate objects.
Story from which moral or spiritual truth may be devined.
Role or facade that a character assumes or depicts.
Idealizes rural life.
26
Anachronism
The pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry.
Fails to match the time or era in which the work is set
Dynamic or round character goes through change or growth.
Quick succession of images or impressions to express an idea
27
A term often used as a synonym for Realism; a view that is generally bleak and pessimistic.
Satire
Naturalism
Ode
Mood
28
Foil
A mocking, satirical assault on a person or situation.
Negative of the contrary is used for negative emphasis.
Exaggerated events to create an extreme emotional response.
Character which creates a contrast to another character
29
Apostrophe
Setting or scene elicits an emotional response.
The interpretation or analysis of a text.
Exaggeration in writing that is used for effect.
Addresses an someone/something that is unable to respond.
30
A story consisting of events from which a moral or spiritual truth may be divined.
Allegory
Plot
Paradox
Parable
31
Explication
A story containing unreal, imaginary features.
Remains the same in the story; does not experience change.
Device in which characters symbolize ideas and concepts.
The interpretation or analysis of a text.
32
A novel focusing on and describing the social customs and habits of particular social groups.
Metonymy
Period Piece
Myth
Novel of Manners
33
Flashforward
A structure that provides premise or setting for a narrative
Synonym for poetry.
Belief emphasizing faith and optimism in human potential.
Device used to give plot info about what may happen later.
34
Imagery
Words and phrases to create mental images using five senses.
Poem marked by serious, respectful, & exalted feelings
Starts not at the beginning but at some other critical point
An exaggeration in writing that is used for effect.
35
Foreshadowing
Lyric poem or passage describing an ideal life or place.
Used to suggest an upcoming outcome to the story.
A structure that provides premise or setting for a narrative
An exaggeration in writing that is used for effect.
36
Epic
Pleasing, harmonious sounds.
A concise but ingenious, witty, and thoughtful statement.
The interpretation or analysis of a text.
Narrative poem that tells adventures & exploits of a hero
37
The underlying message that acts as the foundation for the entire literary piece.
Tragedy
Trope
Tone
Theme
38
Idiom
Words that imitate or represent a sound.
The pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry.
Audience knows something; characters within the story do not
Saying with meaning not deducible from the individual words
39
The author's emotional perspective towards the subject of the literary work.
Instinct
Feeling
Mood
Emotion
40
The implied meaning that underlies the main meaning in a work.
Symbolism
Subtext
Syntax
Motif
41
A bitter enemy, especially one that seems unbeatable.
Narrative
Bad Guy
Denotation
Nemesis
42
Trope
Generic name for a figure of speech: image, metaphor, etc.
Quality of realism and truth in a work of fiction.
Poem with 19 proscribed patterned lines.
Implied meaning that underlies a work.
43
Treatment of inanimate objects as if they had human feelings, thoughts, or sensations.
Narration
Pathetic Fallacy
Onomatopoeia
Fable
44
The language spoken in England roughly between 1150 and 1500 AD.
Middle English
Beginning English
Late English
Ending English
45
Verse containing fourteen lines and a prescribed rhyme scheme.
Sonnet
Oblique Poem
Heroic Poem
Free Verse
46
roman à clef
French novel featuring romantic elements.
Four-line poem.
Novel written for mass consumption.
Novel with historical events & people appear as fictional.
47
Denotation
Language spoken in England roughly between 1150 and 1500 AD.
Writing that reveals weaknesses, frailties, shortcomings.
Statement that fails to follow logically from the one before
Dictionary definition of a word, its literal meaning.
48
Poetry: elaborate conceits, highly intellectual, & expresses the complexities of love and life.
Verse
Lyric Poetry
Metaphysical Poetry
Mock Epic
49
Onomatopoeia
Words that imitate or represent a sound.
Words that imitate or represent a sound.
Words that imitate or represent a sound.
Words that imitate or represent a sound.
50
Caricature
The interpretation or analysis of a text.
Differs from connotation, an implied meaning.
Overused to the point of losing its original meaning.
Grotesque likeness of striking qualities.
51
Fable
Events are exaggerated to create an emotional response.
Short tale featuring non-human characters that act as people
A structure that provides premise or setting for a narrative
The actual meaning differs from implied meaning
52
Form of intelligent humor and the ability to say or write things that are clever and funny.
Wit
Volta
Trope
Wat
53
Alliteration
Words that imitate or represent a sound.
A work of literature dealing with rural life
The repetition of an initial consonant sound.
A verse with five poetic feet per line.
54
A form of understatement; the negative of the contrary is used to achieve negative emphasis.
Metaphor
Melodrama
Verbal Irony
Litotes
55
Genre
The repetition of an initial consonant sound.
Three periods indicating the omission of words or more.
Device in which characters or story symbolize concepts.
Term used to describe forms, such as novel play, and essay.
56
Practice of forming a rhyme in only one line of verse.
Kenning
Atmosphere
Allegory
Internal Rhyme
57
Ellipsis
Three periods indicating the omission of words or more.
Pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry.
An eight-line rhyming stanza of a poem
A nemesis is a bitter enemy.
58
A quick succession of images or impressions used to express an idea.
Pathos
Montage
Melodrama
Sequence
59
A style of writing which tries to reproduce the random flow of thoughts in the human mind.
Creek of Thought
Stream of Consciousness
River of Life
Rill of Expression
60
Synecdoche
Underlying message that acts as the foundation.
A city in New York.
Perspective or attitude of the author.
A part is made to represent the whole.
61
Hyperbole
A mocking, satirical assault on a person or situation.
Human quality, emotion, or ambition is given to a non-human
Grotesque likeness of striking qualities in persons & things
Exaggeration in writing that is used for effect.
62
Ambiguity
A four-line poem or a four-line unit of a longer poem.
Lyric poem or passage describing an ideal life or place.
A conscious lack of clarity meant to evoke multiple meanings
A mocking, satirical assault on a person or situation.
63
Intense feeling that an audience goes through while waiting for the outcome of certain events.
Input
Suspense
Outcome
Synecdoche
64
Catharsis
A story containing unreal, imaginary features.
An exaggeration in writing that is used for effect.
Cleansing of spirit; by pity and terror of dramatic tragedy.
Used to ensure the audience returns to see the resolution.
65
Cliffhanger
Quick succession of images or impressions to express an idea
A concise but ingenious, witty, and thoughtful statement.
Lyric poem or passage; describing ideal life or place.
Used to ensure the audience returns for resolution.
66
Tragic Flaw
Character flaw or error of a tragic hero.
Intelligent humar utilizing word play.
Utopian Fiction.
Assumed personality of the author in the text.
67
Exposition
A mocking, satirical assault on a person or situation.
Background & events that explain the purpose of a work.
An exaggeration in writing that is used for effect.
The action in a play or story that occurs after the climax
68
Understatement
Perspective of the author towards the work.
Irony
Exaggerating obviousness as a means of humor.
Represents something else, usually something more meaningful
69
Personal, reflective poetry that reveals the speaker’s thoughts and feelings about the subject.
Idyllic Poetry
Metaphysical Poetry
Lyric Poetry
Ode
70
Specific theme that dominates a literary work.
Montage
Myth
Motif
Muse
71
Novels written for mass consumption often emphasizing action or titillation.
Four Rooms
Kill Bill
Pulp Fiction
Reservoir Dogs
72
It represents an appeal to the audience's emotions.
Pathos
Oxymoron
Plot
First Person
73
Implied comparison between two unlike things that actually have something important in common.
Kenning
Symbol
Litotes
Metaphor
74
Refers to the sequence of events and happenings that make up a story.
Oxymoron
Hubris
Plot
Novel
75
Narrative that starts not at the beginning of events but at some other critical point.
Montage
in media res
Verbal Irony
Meter
76
Epigram
A verse with five poetic feet per line.
A concise but ingenious, witty, and thoughtful statement.
Exaggeration in writing that is used for effect.
Lyric poem or passage that describes a kind of ideal life.
77
Substituting words with similar sounding words that have different, often unconnected, meanings
Metaphor
Meter
Metonymy
Malapropism
78
Tone
Specific use of language.
The perspective or attitude of the author towards the topic.
Generic name for a figure of speech: image, symbol, etc.
Declarative Sentences.
79
Allusion
A person, place, event, book, etc. as a passing reference.
Grotesque likeness of striking qualities in persons & things
Two sentences of contrasting meanings close to one another.
The interpretation or analysis of a text.
80
Stanza
A single, related chunk of lines in poetry.
Implied meaning that underlies the main meaning in a work.
A figurative comparison using the words like or as.
Represents something else, usually something more meaningful
81
Attaching human traits and characteristics with inanimate objects, phenomena and/or animals.
Allegory
Paradox
Fable
Personification
82
Literary form in which events are exaggerated in order to create an extreme emotional response
Free Verse
Smilie
Melodrama
Drama
83
Analogy
A story containing unreal, imaginary features.
Statement that fails to follow logically from the 1 before.
Comparison; shows similarities between 2 different things.
A bitter enemy, especially one that seems unbeatable.
84
Exposé
Concise but ingenious, witty, and thoughtful statement.
The interpretation or analysis of a text.
Pleasing, harmonious sounds.
Writing that reveals weaknesses, faults, frailties, etc.
85
Quatrain
A four-line poem or a four-line unit of a longer poem.
A two-line poem or a two-line unit of a longer poem.
A five-line poem or a five-line unit of a longer poem.
A three-line poem or a three-line unit of a longer poem.
86
It is the practice of substituting the main word with a word that is closely linked to it.
Allegory
Metonymy
Litotes
Metaphor
87
Villanelle
Poetic shift.
French poem. 19 lines.
Final ryhming couplet in a sonnet.
English poem. 14 lines.
88
When the reader is led to believe that one thing will occur but, in fact, the opposite occurs.
Situational Irony
Verbal Irony
Dramatic Irony
89
Point of view to address the reader. Uses the pronouns “you,” “your,” and “yours.”
Point of View (Second Person)
Point of View (Last Person)
Point of View (First Person)
Point of View (Third Person)
90
Practice of rhyming words placed at the end of the lines in poetry.
Rythym
Rhyme Scheme
Rhyme Time
Schematics
91
The pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables found in poetry.
Mood
Meter
Iamb
Montage
92
Fantasy
When the setting or scene elicits an emotional response.
Use of successive lines without punctuation or pause.
Pleasing, harmonious sounds.
A story containing unreal, imaginary features.
93
A statement or idea that fails to follow logically from the one before.
Novel of Manners
Non Sequitur
Insert
Mary Sue
94
An episodic novel about a rogue like wanderer who lives off his wits.
Novel of Manners
Novelistic
Prologue
Picaresque Novel
95
Imaginary story that has become an accepted part of cultural or religious tradition.
Motif
Myth
Fantasy
Inspiration
96
Climax
Humor that makes light of an otherwise solemn subject matter
It is the most exciting or intense part of the story.
The dictionary definition of a word, its literal meaning.
Exaggeration in writing that is used for effect.
97
A play on words, sometimes on different senses of the same word.
Wattage
Pan
Wit
Pun
98
Epithet
Added to a person's or place’s name describing a quality.
Piece of fiction is set in an ideal or perfect community.
The repetition of an initial consonant sound.
Intelligent humor; things that are clever & funny.
99
Hero is destroyed by some character flaw & forces that cause the hero considerable anguish.
Hubris
Tragedy
Dystopia
Litotes
100
Hubris
Pride & arrogance that ultimately brings about his downfall.
The interpretation or analysis of a text.
Structure that provides premise or setting for a narrative.
Goes through change or growth in the story.
101
Cliché
Pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry.
Expression, idea, or element which has become overused.
Exaggeration in writing that is used for effect.
A mocking, satirical assault on a person or situation.
102
Paradox
It represents an appeal to the audience's emotions.
A four-line poem or a four-line unit of a longer poem.
A figurative comparison using the words like or as.
Self-contradictory statement that may prove to be true
103
End-Stopped
Structure that provides premise or setting for a narrative.
Exaggeration in writing that is used for effect.
Line of poetry; ends with a natural pause.
A mocking, satirical assault on a person or situation.
104
A piece of fiction is set in an ideal or perfect community.
Villanelle
Dystopia
Verse
Utopia
105
Conflict
Structure that provides premise or setting for a narrative.
The struggle between opposing forces.
Pattern of stressed & unstressed syllables found in poetry.
Narrative that starts not at the beginning of events.
106
Protagonist
The leading character or a major character.
The enemy of the main character.
Makes fun of a human weakness or character flaw.
Novels written for mass consumption.
107
Flashback
A figurative comparison using the words like or as.
They blur the line between hero and villain.
An earlier event is inserted into the narrative.
It represents an appeal to the audience's emotions.
108
Enjambment
Successive lines with no punctuation or pause between them.
Grotesque likeness of striking qualities in persons & things
A story containing unreal, imaginary features.
Human quality, emotion, given to non-human object.
109
Archetype
Language spoken in England roughly between 1150 and 1500 AD.
Structure that provides premise or setting for a narrative.
Universally understood prototype of its kind.
Quick succession of images or impressions to express an idea
110
Antithesis
Set in an ideal or perfect community.
When a human quality is given to a non-human object or being
Two sentences of contrasting meanings close to one another.
Synonym for poetry.
111
Falling Action
A mocking, satirical assault on a person or situation.
A story containing unreal, imaginary features.
Novel with historical events and people appear as fictional.
Occurs after the climax and that leads to the conclusion.
112
Humanism
Bitter enemy, especially one that seems unbeatable.
Describes the customs & habits of particular groups
Emphasizes faith & optimism in human potential & creativity
An eight-line rhyming stanza of a poem
113
The imaginary source of inspiration for an artist or writer.
Muse
Naturalism
Mood
Symbol
114
Frame Story
The interpretation or analysis of a text.
A structure that provides premise or setting for a narrative
Extreme pride and arrogance shown by a character.
A verse with five poetic feet per line.
115
May mark a shift in point of view, tone, mood, style or any other manner of expression.
Viola
Volta
Voice
Vision
116
A mocking, satirical assault on a person or situation.
Idyll
Genre
Litotes
Lampoon
117
A synonym for poetry. Also a group of lines in a song or poem; also a single line of poetry.
Verse
Obverse
Terse
Purse
118
Euphemism
Bitter enemy, especially one that seems unbeatable.
Language spoken in England roughly between 1150 and 1500 AD.
The imaginary source of inspiration for an artist or writer.
Less harsh form of a negative description.
119
Statement in which the actual meaning differs from the meaning that the words appear to express
Verbal Irony
Situational Irony
Dramatic Irony
120
Character (Dynamic/Round)
The interpretation or analysis of a text.
Faith and optimism in human potential and creativity.
Remains the same throughout; does not experience change.
Goes through change or growth in the story.
121
A parody of traditional epic form.
Pretend Epic
Mock Epic
Boring Epic
Imaginary Epic
122
Pentameter
A verse with 20 poetic feet per line.
A verse with 3 poetic feet per line.
A verse with five poetic feet per line.
A verse with six poetic feet per line.
123
A figurative comparison using the words
like
or
as.
Allegory
Symbol
Simile
Metaphor
124
An object that represents something else, usually something more meaningful.
Cymbal
Motive
Motif
Symbol
125
Report of related events presented to readers in words arranged in a logical sequence.
Narrative
Ode
Non Sequitur
Novel of Manners
126
Cacophony
Three periods (. . .) indicating the omission of words.
Words with sharp, harsh, hissing and unmelodious sounds.
Pleasing, harmonious sounds.
Poetic lines with no punctuation or pause between them.
127
Introduction that usually sets the tone and acts as a bit of a background; a sneak peek.
Dialogue
Soliloquy
Prologue
Monologue
128
Language of a work and its style; words, often highly emotional, used to convince an audience.
Rhetoric
Pun
Prologue
Satire
129
Syntax
Perspective or attitude of the author towards the topic.
Implied underlying meaning of the work.
Character flaw of the protagonist.
Arrangement of the words in a sentence.
130
Antagonist
Novels for mass consumption; featuring action or titillation
Exaggeration in writing that is used for effect.
Opposes the protagonist to promote tension & conflict.
Episodic novel; a rogue like wanderer who lives off his wits
