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VET 1211 Microbiology
VET 1211 Microbiology
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Vet Tech Microbiology - Stanbridge University - this is for personal studying only.
Flashcards
76 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Pathogenic bacteria exhibit __________ hemolysis on blood agar
Alpha-
Gamma-
Beta-
No
2
What is the commonly used to grow bacteria in a lab?
Culture Media
Gelatin
Cell Cultures
Soup
3
Which test requires the use of a microscope slide with a concave area?
Kovac's
SIM test
Hanging drop motility test
Wet mount
4
A useful stain for the evaluation of fungal organisms is:
Ziehl-Neelsen stain
Endospore stain
Gram stain
Lactophenol cotton blue
5
Nutritive media
select for different types of bacteria.
differentiate between specific types of bacteria.
are rarely used for growing bacteria.
grow most types of bacteria.
6
The culture media that is most often used for the growth of fungi and yeasts is:
Sabouraud agar
TSI
McFarland
New methylene blue
7
The preferred method for the testing for dermatophytes is to:
Hold a Wood's lamp over the animal/check the skin and coat for fluoresc
Pluck hairs from periphery of the lesions and perform a culture
Make an impression smear of the moist underside of a scab and examine it
Make a smear of a skin scraping and examine it at 40× magnification
8
An organism with growth that is enhanced in the presence of low oxygen tension is described as:
Obligate aerobe
Microaerophilic
Capnophilic
Facultative anaerobes
9
The Streptococcus species:
have high incidence of acquired antimicrobial resistance.
are anaerobic cocci.
often cause hemolysis on blood agar.
occur in grapelike clusters.
10
The culture media that is most often used for the growth of fungi and yeasts is:
Sabouraud agar
New methylene blue
TSI
McFarland
11
BAP is used to grow this type of bacteria in particular
Fastidious
Faculative Anaerobes
Aerobic
Gram -
12
Nocardia
and
Actinomyces
spp. are gram-positive bacteria that can be presumptively identified microscopically because
they are two of the few bacterial rods that branch.
they are diplococci.
they stain a pink color when gram stained.
they have terminal endospores.
13
Kovac's reagent is used to determine whether bacteria produce __________.
Catalase
Coagulase
Indole
Oxidase
14
If the milk/reagent mixture in the California Mastitis Test thickens immediately, with some gel formation, the result is
Negative
Weak positive
Distinct positive
Trace
15
Most pathogenic bacteria are:
Thermophiles
Dolicophiles
Psychrophiles
Mesophiles
16
Transport media is used to keep microbes alive but do not encourage growth
true
false
17
The application of undiluted urine directly to the culture and sensitivity test plate is referred to as the:
Direct sensitivity test
Standardized disk susceptibility method
Indirect sensitivity test
Bauer-Kirby method
18
A type of culture media that contains additives that detect certain biochemical reactions of the bacteria is:
Selective
Differential
Fastidious
Enriched
19
The technique that is designed to isolate pure cultures of bacteria is the:
Quadrant streak method
Slant S streak
Candle jar method
Stab streak
20
MAC is selective and aifferential medica commonly used to assist in identifying bacteria
true
false
21
Culture specimens from Microsporum or Trichophyton should be collected from:
Anywhere on the open surface of the lesion
The center of the lesion
The periphery of the lesion
The discharge that is draining from the lesion
22
A bacterial culture that is used for endospore staining should be approximately _____ hours old.
12
48
24
8
23
An organism with growth that is inhibited in the absence of oxygen is described as:
Microaerophilic
Capnophilic
Facultative Anaerobes
Obligate Aerobe
24
The mordant component for most Gram staining kits is:
Iodine
Fuchsin
Safranin
Crystal violet
25
Gram staining of a fecal specimen is performed to
survey for possible pathogens, such as yeast.
find hard-to-grow organisms, such as Campylobacter spp
presumptively identify a clostridial problem.
all of the above.
26
The counterstain component for most Gram staining kits is:
Crystal violet
Safranin
Iodine
Fuchsin
27
To perform a bacterial culture on a solid specimen, such as a piece of tissue, it is best to first
inoculate directly onto an agar plate by rubbing it on the media.
imbed the tissue on a nutritive plate.
incubate overnight in liquid media, then subculture onto agar.
macerate in a syringe and then place a drop onto each agar plate and streak
28
An example of an area that is likely to contain a single organism is:
Ears
Fistulous tracts
Fecal samples
Urine collected by cystocentesis
29
The most common cause of diagnostic failure with microbiologic specimens is:
Specimen contamination during collection
A delay in getting samples to the laboratory
An insufficient sample
Concurrent antibiotic administration
30
The primary stain component for most Gram staining kits is:
Fuchsin
Safranin
Crystal violet
Iodine
31
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing
has a limited scope of use in the veterinary clinic.
uses DNA to identify harmful microbes.
can only be used on pure cultures of a bacteria.
is easily performed in-house at veterinary clinics.
32
A positive catalase test is indicated by the production of:
Red color at the top of the tube
Bubbles on the slide
No color change
Clumping on the slide
33
The stain that is primarily used to detect Mycobacterium and Nocardia species is:
Gram stain
Carbol fuchsin
Giemsa
Ziehl-Neelsen
34
Type of culture media that contains additives that allow certain microorganisms to grow while inhibiting the growth of
Fastidious
Enriched
Selective
Differential
35
An organism with growth that requires high levels of carbon dioxide is described as:
Facultative anaerobes
Capnophilic
Microaerophilic
Obligate aerobe
36
__________ samples can be collected aseptically during surgery, biopsy, or during necropsy.
Tissue
Bacterial
Blood
Joint Fluid
37
Terms that describe the form of a colony on a plate include:
Mucoid
Alpha
Convex
Rhizoid
38
MAC is selective for gram + Bacteria
true
false
39
The preferred culture media for performing the sensitivity test is
Bauer-Kirby
EMB agar
Blood agar
Mueller-Hinton
40
Fluorescent stains are primarily used for the identification of:
Pseudomonas
Anaerobic bacteria
Mycobacterium
Viruses
41
The # of colony-forming units per culture of urine are considered significant when more than ___ units are present
100
500
10
1000
42
The most important laboratory procedure for microbiologic diagnosis is:
serologic testing.
direct microscopic examination of the specimen
inoculation of blood agar.
antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
43
The stain that is primarily used to detect spirochetes and rickettsiae is:
Ziehl-Neelsen
Gram stain
Carbol fuchsin
Giemsa
44
Corynebacterium
are bacteria that
look like Roman numerals on a Gram stain.
are large, parallel-sided gram-positive rods.
are gram-negative rods.
are often curved and pleomorphic on Gram stain.
45
Sterile abscesses:
are cleaned aseptically before sampling.
contain no bacterial or fungal organisms.
contain several types of bacterium.
contain only one type of bacteria.
46
Mycobacterial species are bacteria that are
easy to grow in a standard veterinary clinic.
are serious pathogens that require special bacterial media
are of little concern to veterinary medicine.
obligate intracellular bacteria.
47
Salmonella
bacteria can infect the intestinal tract of
birds
reptiles
mammals
All of the above
48
Bacterial samples from hollow organs are usually collected by:
Aspiration
Imprint
Punch biopsy
Swabbing
49
Inoculating the culture and sensitivity test plate with colonies from a pure culture is referred to as the ___ method
Standardized disk susceptibility
Direct sensitivity
Indirect sensitivity
Bauer-Kirby
50
MAC is used to differentiate Staphyloccoccus aureus from others with this specific change
Blue Color Change
Yellow Color Change
Red Color Change
Green Color Change
51
Opportunistic fungi
are environmental fungi that cause disease in compromised animals.
grow mainly in the hair, skin, and nails.
are normal flora in most animals.
are the cause of ringworm in humans and animals.
52
This type of agar is used for antimicrobial sensitivity testing
Mueller Hinton
Mueller
MH
53
Bacteria can be arranged in a “Chinese Letter” pattern known as:
Bacilli
Palisades
Pleomorphic
Cocci
54
The largest group of potential pathogens and the most frequently isolated bacteria belong to the:
Enterobacteriaceae family.
Staphylococcus species.
indigenous flora.
Streptococcus species.
55
Acid-fast stains are used primarily for the identification of __________.
Mycobacterium
Pseudomonas
Anaerobes
Viruses
56
Which media contain antibacterial substances thus, only allowing specific bacteria to grow?
Differentiate
Selective
57
A streptococcal colony with a clear zone of hemolysis on a blood agar plate is
beta-hemolytic.
hemolytic
gamma (non-) hemolytic
alpha-hemolytic.
58
Rod-shaped bacteria are described as:
Cocci
Pleomorphic
Palisades
Bacilli
59
Which procedure involves the inoculation of living cells?
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing
Virus isolation
Fungus isolation
Bacteria isolation
60
Agar slant tubes are usually inoculated with the:
Quadrant streak method
Candle jar method
Butt stab streak
Slant S streak
61
Most fungi are composed of structures called
Hyphae
Mycelia
Fruiting bodies
Ascospores
62
MacConkey agar is an example of
a differential medium.
a differential and selective medium.
a fungal medium.
a general nutritive medium.
63
Hydrogen peroxide is the reagent for the __________ test.
Oxidase
Indole
Catalase
Coagulase
64
A useful stain for the evaluation of fungal organisms is:
Ziehl-Neelsen stain
Gram stain
Lactophenol cotton blue
Endospore stain
65
Routine cultures are incubated for _____ hours before initial examination.
18
48
30
72
66
The first step in collecting samples for dermatophyte testing is:
Plucking a few skin scales
Plucking some hairs
Cleaning the area to minimize surface contamination
Brushing the hair with a toothbrush
67
Which media is recommended for culture and sensitivity testing?
Mueller-Hinton
Blood agar
MacConkey
Chocolate agar
68
Candida
are yeast that
can grow on some bacteriological media and cause opportunistic infections.
do not grow germ tubes
are the cause of ringworm in humans and animals.
are encapsulated, making direct identification possible.
69
Before shipping samples to an outside laboratory, samples should be
frozen
held for a few days before shipment
left to dry out so they won’t survive.
placed in a secure, leakproof container and labeled properly.
70
Which type of media allow bactera to differentiate into groups by biochemical reactions?
Differentiate
Selective
71
For best results, microbiology samples must be collected:
Aseptically
After treatment has started
At necropsy
Before physical examination
72
Culture and sensitivity tests are evaluated by measuring the:
Concentration of antimicrobials that diffuse
Size of the colonies produced
Zone of inhibition
Number of colonies produced
73
What does MAC Stand for?
Macoy
MaCaronkey
Maclaroy
Maconkey
74
The purpose of the candle jar is to:
Monitor humidity
Sterilize the jar
Increase carbon dioxide levels
Create anaerobic conditions
75
Tubes are used to hold media that are
neither semisolid nor liquid
semisolid.
liquid
both semisolid and liquid.
76
When Gram stain results are ambiguous, the __________ procedure is performed.
Acid-fast
DMSO
KOH
Ziehl-Neelsen