8th History Final Exam Study Guide

Who was elected president in November 1976 and only served one term?

Founded in 1874, this urged individuals to stop drinking.

This was a young woman of the 1920s who defied conventions in her behavior and dress.

What countries signed the Treaty of Portsmouth?

Aboard this battleship, Japan signed the formal surrender on Sept. 2, 1945, officially ending WWII.

The painter, Jacob Lawrence, was a member of the movement called the _____.

Who steamed into Tokyo Bay, Japan with 4 warships, asking them to open their ports to the U.S. ships?

The anti-immigrant movement that gained strength in the late 1800s

This struck FDR in 1921, making him paralyzed in both legs.

the period when the government went after others with radical views

This had 2 goals.. raising farm prices quickly and paying farmers not to grow certain crops.

The U.S., Britain, Japan, France, and Italy signed the _____ Treaty in February 1922.

Who helped resolve labor disputes that might slow down war production?

Originally called Armistice Day, _____ is celebrated in the U.S. on November 11th.

Guam provided a base for launching bombing strikes on ___.

Shantytowns were bitterly referred to as ____.

This was a military draft for men ages 21 to 30 to enlist in the armed forces.

Who proposed an Open Door Policy?

Who signed the Treaty of Paris, ending the Spanish-American War and dissolving most of Spanish Empire?

This US military base was attacked by Japanese warplanes on Sunday, Dec. 7, 1941.

The first artificial satellite sent into space by the Soviets

The Great Depression was NOT caused by the ________.

Who proposed the U.S. Forest Service?

Top secret operation created by President Roosevelt, where a team of scientists and engineers began building atomic bomb

This Civil War era film was released in 1939.

This war ended with no victory for either side.

This became a symbol of the corruption in the Harding administration.

President ____ died suddenly on April 12, 1945.

the first woman to serve on the Supreme Court

an Italian nun who came to the US to work with the poor

_____ provided a base for launching bombing strikes on Japan.

This war was started on February 8, 1904, when Japan attacked the Russian fleet in Manchuria.

What is the Statue of Liberty’s full name?

The leader of the Nazi Party in 1921

This was a settlement house founded by Jane Addams in Chicago in 1889.

This was known as the “Great War.”

a minority that speaks a different language or follows different customs than the majority of people in a country

Into which battle did T. Roosevelt lead his Rough Riders?

This was the time period of extravagant wealth and terrible poverty.

The first woman appointed by President Roosevelt to serve in the cabinet.

Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst’s journalism style was known as ____.

The nation’s most decorated military woman; was a prisoner of war for 37 months

This is the belief that those born in a country are superior to immigrants.

Commander of the American Expeditionary Force during WWI

Detroit, Michigan, became the _____ manufacturing center of the world.

A law that provided stiff penalties for spying, aiding the enemy, and interfering with army recruiting.

This cargo ship made the first voyage through the Panama Canal.

This formally ended WWI.

A group of WWI veterans that marched in 1932 on Washington, DC, to demand their bonuses immediately

Who made a pledge in 1881 to build a public library in any city that could pay its operating cost?

This telegram proposed that Mexico help Germany if the U.S. entered the war.

This built dams to provide cheap electric power to 7 southern states and set up schools and health centers

Coastal cities enforced _____ at night so that lights could not serve as beacons for enemy pilots.

His Model T was built using the assembly line method.

This was the date of the worst terrorist attack on the US. More Americans died than in Pearl Harbor or D-Day

Daring pilots waged duels in the skies called ____.

This treaty was signed by Japan and Russia in September of 1905.

American general that commanded the British and American forces that drove the Germans out of North Africa

A place where shares in corporations are bought and sold through an organized system

Who was known for the foreign policy dollar diplomacy?

By the 1920s, more than ____% of American households had electricity.

Mark Twain set his writing along this river.

He became the youngest president at 42 following the assassination of William McKinley.

Who was elected president in November 1980 and served two terms?

Secretary of State William Seward negotiated a treaty to buy ____ from ____ for $7.2 million.

On what date did Japan signed its formal surrender on the USS Missouri, officially ending WWII?

This bridge opened in 1883 in New York City.

The Vietnam War ended on ____.

a Quaker social worker who founded the National Woman’s Party in 1916

Who designed one of the first skyscrapers.

Whose journalism style was known as yellow journalism?

This was a group of American and Latin American leaders that promoted cooperation among member nations.

Former cowhands and students who made up the First Regiment of U.S. Cavalry Volunteers led by T. Roosevelt

American soldiers became known as ____ from the label on their clothes.

These were run by local governments and charities.

This set aside millions of acres of national forests to create the nation’s first wildlife sanctuaries.

The day (Oct. 24) when panicked traders sold almost 13 million shares

This city became the automobile manufacturing center of the world.

This painter was a member of the movement known as the Harlem Renaissance.

Immigrants that entered on the East Coast went through _____ in New York Harbor.

On Dec. 11, 1941, these two countries declared war on the U.S.

Who won the 1932 presidential election?

Who founded the National Negro Businesses League to promote business development among African Americans?

He became the first person to fly alone across the Atlantic Ocean.

He won power by appealing to Italians who resented that Italy had won little in the Versailles Treaty

Beginning in February 1916, this was one of the longest and bloodiest battles in WWI.

This war was also known as the Second Indochina War.

an African American leader for women’s rights; founder of the National Association of Colored Women

Americans introduced this crop in Hawaii in the 1830s.

This ended the Spanish-American War and dissolved most of the Spanish Empire.

During this era, women became involved in many reform movements in addition to woman suffrage.

She was the first female African American to receive a pilot’s license and the first to become a stunt pilot.

Who negotiated a treaty to buy Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million?

Powerful gangster from Chicago who made millions of dollars from bootlegging, or producing and selling illegal alcohol

This was a school, founded by Booker T. Washington, which educated African Americans.

Who became President F. Roosevelt’s eyes and ears in his political and public life.

The Panama Canal opened on this date.

He was assassinated along with his wife on June 28, 1914, by 19 year old Gavrilo Princip.

He helped improve the South’s economy through his research on plant products.

John Hay proposed an ___Policy, giving nations in China the right to trade freely in other nations spheres of influence

a group of Communists who overthrew the democratic Russian government and established a Communist government

The progressive reformer and former governor of New Jersey who won the presidential election of 1912

An African American woman who sat in the reserved section for whites on a bus is Montgomery, Ala.

a corrupt city boss who headed New York City’s Democratic political machine in the 1860s and 1870s

The navy destroyed 4 Japanese aircraft carriers and hundreds of airplanes at the battle, northwest of Hawaii.

The 332nd Fighter Group that shut down more than 200 enemy planes.

On Sept. 3, 1939, Great Britain and France declared war on Germany, beginning ____.

The last major German counterattack in Europe

A 7 year old African American girl at the center of the Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas

Who founded Tuskegee Institute, a school for the education of African American men and women?

a journalist who uncovers abuses and corruption in a society

He was the author of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.

This granted workers an 8 hour working day, overtime pay, equal pay for women, and the right to form unions.