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7th Grade Science Semester 2 Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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7th Grade Science Semester 2 Exam Review
7th Grade Science Semester 2 Exam Review
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1
Who made the first attempt at developing a theory of evolution?
Darwin
Anning
Lyell
Lamarck
2
Why does cell division take place in single-celled organisms?
specialization
injury
growth
reproduction
3
Which of the following is a sex-linked disorder?
cystic fibrosis
hemophilia
Tay-Sachs disease
Huntington's disease
4
Which of the following is not an inherited characteristic?
blue eyes
long fingernails
dimpled cheeks
wavy, red hair
5
Which of these lists correctly identifies all four bass in DNA?
adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
adenine, uracil, guanine, cytosine
uracil, thymine, guanine, cytosine
adenine, thymine, uracil, cytosine
6
What information is included in a food web?
the amount of food energy available in an ecosystem
the number of different types of organisms in an ecosystem
definitions of producer, consumer, and decomposer
the feeding relationships among organisms in an ecosystem
7
Which of these processes does not involve the replication of chromosomes?
fertilization
formation of sex cells
meiosis
mitosis
8
Which of the following organisms is a tertiary consumer?
athlete's foot fungus
great white shark
redwood tree
frog
9
What is the primary role of decomposers?
to compete with consumers for energy and resources
to recycle energy and materials
to provide a source of energy for the producers
to control the population of producers and consumers
10
Which is an example of DNA as evidence for evolution?
2 species have same DNA show that evolution took place
2 species with similar DNA probably share a common ancestor
DNA from related species is usually the same
all modern species have similar DNA
11
Which statement below correctly identifies the difference between laws and theories?
Laws are a prediction of phenomena,theories are explanation
Laws explain why phenomena exist, theories explain how
Laws describe phenomena,theories explain why phenomena exist
Laws are a statement of fact, theories are opinion
12
What is RNA?
molecule that consists of amino acids that are linked
molecule that stores the hereditary information
change in the base sequence of a DNA molecule
molecule that plays a role in the synthesis of proteins
13
What is the relationship between genes and chromosomes?
chromosomes are located on the genes of each cell
chromosomes are the phenotype and genes are the genotype
genes are the phenotype and chromosomes the genotype
genes are located on the chromosomes of each cell
14
In which stage of mitosis do we first see chromosomes?
prophase
telophase
cytokinesis
anaphase
15
Scientific theories are based on
observations from within only one scientific discipline.
mathematical principles that can be proven true.
large amounts of data collected over time.
general assumptions of how systems work.
16
Which of these conditions is least likely to cause a species to become extinct?
more genetic variation
specific food preferences
less genetic variation
more competition for food
17
Which below would be the most environmentally friendly and effective way to clean an oil spill?
using chemicals to break up the oil
using sponges to mop up as much oil as possible
using microbes to degrade the oil
using hoses to wash the oil away
18
Darwin observed that some variations make individuals better adapted
to their environment.
for population change.
for more mutations.
to accumulate traits.
19
Evidence supporting biological evolution is found in the fossil record and in
adaptations to changing environments.
offspring with various traits.
similar anatomies and embryos.
layers of sediment.
20
Which of these choices best describes a pedigree?
a way to calculate which genes an offspring will inherit
hypothesis that explains why genes are recessive or dominant
an illustration of how parents can pass alleles to offspring
a diagram of family that includes many generations
21
What is artificial selection?
humans breed a species for certain characteristics
individuals better adapted to the environment survive
Charles Darwin noted differences in finches
characteristics change over generations
22
Which of these pairs identifies the two steps involved in making a protein?
transcription, translation
replication, translation
transcription, replication
mutation, replication
23
which of these is an example of genetic engineering?
developing new fertilizers for growing corn plants
inserting a gene for a disease resistance in corn
breeding 2 corn plants that both produce large ears of corn
crossing two corn plants that are resistant to pesticides
24
After an organism has died, what seeps in and replaces the organism with stone?
water
air
DNA
minerals
25
Which of these statements best describes a niche in an ecosystem?
the role of a species in its community
the role of a species in its population
the way a species interacts with other species in it habitat
a way a species uses the resources in its habitat
26
What is a genetically engineered seed? Example: modified soybean
one that has a genome that has been modified
one that has been grown in a specially developed soil
one that has been artificially bred
one that has been created by careful crossbreeding
27
Which of these describes a population?
all of the Masai giraffes in the northern Masai Mara park
all of the mammals in northern Masai Mara park in Kenya
all of the mammals in Africa
all of the Masai giraffes in Africa
28
If an organism is produced by sexual reproduction, which is true?
it receives all its chromosomes from its female parent
it receives half its chromosomes from each of its parents
it receives all its chromosomes from either parent
it receives most of its chromosomes from its female parent
29
In the study of genes, which of these best describes probability?
a way to calculate which alleles an offspring will inherit
the outcome that is more likely to happen that the other
how likely a given outcome will happen compared to all other
a comparison that shows the relationship between quantities
30
Which scientist gave evidence that some animals lived in the past but no longer existed?
Anning
Lyell
Darwin
Lamarck
31
Which of these cases provides embryological evidence for evolution?
2 species with very similar DNA
2 different species with similar patterns of early developme
2 species with different vestigial structures
4 species with different structures with similar functions
32
Darwin was able to create the fantail pigeon from the wild rock dove by using
overproduction.
natural selection.
mechanisms.
artificial selection.
33
What does it mean when two species share a common ancestor?
the two species are actually the same species
one of the species evolved into the other species
both species are descended from one species from the past
one species cannot be traced to an ancestor
34
Which of these best describes the structure of DNA?
triple octagon
tetrahedron
single strand
double helix
35
Which of these materials is a component of DNA?
RNA
ribosome
nucleotide
chromosome
36
Which of these effects would not be caused by a mutation in human DNA?
an infectious disease
an improved trait
minor change
a harmful trait
37
What determines where a population can live?
its needs are met by other population sin the habitat
its needs are met by the abiotic factors
its needs are met by the biotic factors
its needs are met by the abiotic and biotic factors
38
Which of the following is an example of commensalism?
a bird pecks holes in a tree to find insects
a bird finds a small shellfish, cracks its shell and eats it
a bird find a hole in a tree and builds a nest
a bird is hunted by a cat, killed and eaten
39
If rainfall in an ecosystem decreases, what happens to the amount of vegetation?
the amount of vegetation increases
the amount of vegetation stays the same
the amount of vegetation first decreases and then increases
the amount of vegetation decreases
40
How do vestigial organs provide evidence for evolution?
found only in extinct organisms
reduced in size in function so it shows change
similar to different species, but have different functions
they show that organisms improve the function of organs
41
Which of these best describes a ratio?
family relationships over several generations
the likelihood or chance something will happen
a comparison between two quantities
alleles of parents and offspring for a given trait
42
What is the primary source of energy used by producers?
light energy from the sun
chemical energy from carbon dioxide and water
chemical energy from sugar and oxygen
heat energy from the sun
43
Which of these describes a species?
a group of organisms that live in an area and interact
a group of organisms that are closely related
a group of organisms that live in the same habitat
organisms that are closely related and produce offspring
44
Which of these statements is true of 2 species that share a recent common ancestor?
fossils of each of their ancestors will look very different
they are likely to have similar developmental patterns
they probably will not have any similar DNA sequences
they are not likely to have any structural similarities
45
What is the correct order from largest to smallest?
ecosystem, population, community, individual
individual, population, community, ecosystem
ecosystem, community, population, individual
community, ecosystem, population, individual
46
Most of the variation within a population is caused by what source?
mass extinction
genetic material
environmental change
artificial selection
47
What is an adaptation?
individuals that are better adapted survive
a group of closely related organisms that can mate
inherited characteristics change over generations
characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce
48
Which of the following consumers is a herbivore?
horse
human
vulture
cat
49
In a rock, Maria noticed an impression of a leaf. What did she find?
developmental pattern
DNA
genetic evidence
fossil
50
Which of the following is not a part of natural selection?
adaptation
overproduction
evolution
variation
51
Which of these choices correctly shows a location for a type of cell division?
ovaries-meiosis
stomach-meiosis
bone-meiosis
testes-mitosis
52
What is the relationship between a human's forearm and a bat's wing?
different physical structures with different function
similar physical structures with similar finction
similar physical structures with different functions
53
What is the result of one sex cell undergoing meiosis in humans?
2 sex cells, each with 46 chromosomes
2 sex cells, each with 23 chromosomes
4 sex cells, each with 46 chromosomes
4 sex cells, each with 23 chromosomes
54
What kind of relationship do crocodiles and Egyptian plovers have?
commensalism
predator-prey
mutualism
parasitism
55
Which of these organisms relies on mitosis for reproduction?
bluebird
jellyfish
ant
amoeba
56
Which of these lists includes 3 types of asexual reproduction?
budding, spore formation, fertilization
binary fission, budding, spore formation
spore formation, fertilization, vegetative reproduction
fertilization, vegetative reproduction, binary fission
57
What is a nucleotide?
a molecule that makes up protein molecules
a molecule that makes up DNA but not RNA
a molecule that consists of a sugar, phosphate and base
a molecule that consists of adenine, thymine, C, and G
58
What kind of ecosystem is the everglades?
lake
wetland
coral reef
beach
59
An organism can reproduce asexually and sexually. When would the organism reproduce sexually?
conditions that are favorable with ample water and nutrients
unfavorable conditions lacking water and nutrients
conditions that are favorable and constant
conditions that promote the growth of many offspring
60
Which molecule provides a set of instructions that determines characteristics?
gamete
spore
DNA
glucose
61
What is the correct order for the cell cycle?
inter, telo, ana, pro, cytokinesis
inter, pro, meta, ana, telo, cytokinesis
inter, ana, meta, prophase, telo, cytokinesis
interphase, cytokinesis, prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telo
62
What is the result of mitosis?
two new cells
two new pairs of chromosomes
two new copies of DNA
two new nuclei
63
Which statement correctly describes how genes can produce a phenotype?
one gene is responsible for all traits
each trait is determined be a single gene
one gene can be responsible for many traits
each gene is responsible for exactly one trait
64
Which form of biotechnology raises ethical concerns regarding human embryos?
asexual reproduction
cloning
selective breeding
artificial selection
65
Evolution results from changes in
genetic material.
the fossil record.
habitats and climate.
migration patters.
66
Some people have AB blood. What does this show?
codominance
dominance
incomplete dominance
recessiveness
67
To which of these sciences does genetic engineering belong?
biotechnology
geology
chemistry
physics
68
A cat has dark fur only when its cold. What is affected by temperature?
the cat's phenotype
neither the cat's genotype nor its genotype
both the cat's genotype and phenotype
the cat's genotype
69
Which of these is the best definition of biotechnology?
the use of engineering principles to solve medical problems
the study of how energy and forces affect living things
the study of chemical processes in living things
use/application of living things and biological processes
70
Which of the following is not an adaptation to prevent predators from eating a fish?
sucker-like mouth
stiff dorsal fins
camouflage
bright coloration
71
Which of these is true of sexual reproduction?
requires 2 parents and offspring have traits of each parent
requires 1 parent and offspring have half the genes
requires 1 parent and has identical offspring
requires 2 parents and offspring is identical to one parent
72
Adaptations and variations show evidence of past
diversity.
offspring.
fossils.
evolution.
73
Which of the following is an example of a species?
birds
birds of prey
owls
spotted owl
74
What is the best definition of a theory?
comprehensive set of ideas explaining a phenomenon in nature
based on verifiable laws and can be proven true
a guess or hunch about something that has occurred in nature
a hypothesis that uses laws and observations to assume
75
Which of these describes a fossil?
thick layers of rock
body of an organism that died recently but not decomposed
remains of once-living organism found in layers of rock
organism from which other organisms are descended
76
Which scientist suggested that evolution takes place by small, gradual steps?
Darwin
Lamarck
Lyell
Anning
77
Which pair shows the number of cells present both before and after meiosis II?
2 and 4
1 and 2
4 and 4
1 and 4
78
Unlike an organism with low fitness, one with high fitness has the ability to survive and
coevolve.
interact.
mutate.
reproduce.
79
What does the evidence in an individual fossil show?
genetic similarities between living and extinct organisms
the history of life in the geologic past
why organisms became extinct in the past
developmental patterns of living organisms
80
Which of the following is the best description of a predator?
an organism that eats another organism
an organism that participates in symbiosis
an organism that benefits at the expense of another
an organism that is eaten by another organism
81
Which of the following is a biotic factor?
small rocks
leaves of trees
wind
light from the sun
82
Cell division results in two new cells. Which is true?
The new cells have genes that differ from the parent
the cells have twice the number of chromosomes as the parent
the new cells have half of the genes of the parent
the new cells have genes identical to the parent
