stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
2020 Spring Exam 1 Review (1,2,3,5) Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
2020 Spring Exam 1 Review (1,2,3,5)
2020 Spring Exam 1 Review (1,2,3,5)
84 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
170 plays
Imported from external platform
Flashcards
84 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
84
Answers
1
Jake receives a promotion at his law firm after winning an important case. This is an example of a:
Negative formal sanction
Positive formal sanction
Positive informal sanction
Negative informal sanction
2
See pic:
interpretation
validity
reliability
literacy
3
See image:
conflict
symbolic interactionism
structural functionalism
feminist theory
4
Which data-gathering method would a sociologist use to gather quantitative data?
an unstructured interview
a series of observations of public behavior
a literature search
a large survey
5
Which of the following is NOT considered part of the sociological definition of a society?
people who all speak the same language
people living in the same geographical area
shared culture
regular interaction
6
See the pic
xenocentrism
culture shock
cultural imperialism
material culture
7
An example of high culture is ___________, whereas an example of popular culture would be ____________.
Dostoevsky style in film; the National Football League
country music; pop music
political theory; sociological theory
American Idol; films from the Sundance festival
8
Positive and negative (and formal and informal) sanctions can also be viewed as ways that society:
establishes leaders
determines language
regulates behavior
determines laws
9
In the nature versus nurture debate, sociologists claim that _______
neither nature nor nurture creates the essence of our humanity
nurture is far more important than nature
nature is far more important than nurture
nature and nurture have equal importance
10
See pic:
Independent variable
Control group
Dependent Variable
Experimental group
11
George Herbert Mead’s specific path of development for individuals is as follows:
game stage, play stage, generalized other stage
imitation stage, play stage, game stage
Game stage, play stage, generalized other stage
Generalized other stage, preparatory stage, play stage
12
Mead claimed that the origin of the self is found in _______
biological drives
genetics
the functioning of the brain
social experience
13
Education is important to society because:
It teaches children how to interact with their peers
It teaches children how to react to authority and how to behave
All of the other answers are correct
It teaches children facts about the world in which they live
14
Which sociological approach to education is most likely to focus on the ways education perpetuates forms of inequality?
rational choice theory
structural functionalism
conflict theory
symbolic interactionism
15
The sociologist who identified ten underlying core values of American society was ________.
Robin Williams
John Jacob Natzke
Michael Burawoy
Edward Wilson
16
Which of the following research approaches is best suited to the scientific method?
ethnography
unstructured interviews
case study
survey questionnaire
17
The Harlows’ study on rhesus monkeys showed that:
rhesus monkeys raised by other primate species are poorly socialized
food is more important than social comfort
social comfort is more important than food
monkeys can be adequately socialized by imitating humans
18
Which set of data-gathering methods best represent qualitative sociology?
Statistical methods such as surveys with large numbers of participants.
Virtual interactivity, online polls, and online gaming
Door to door sales pitches, cold calls, and press conferences.
In-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources
19
A practice of remaining impartial, without bias or judgment during the course of a study and in publishing results is:
methodological conundrum
subjectivity
value neutrality
survey research
20
Which theoretical perspective is most likely to use the analogy of the human body to illustrate how society works?
feminism
symbolic interactionism
Conflict theory
functionalism
21
Peer groups are important to adolescents because:
They (can)rank higher in importance to adolescents’ than parental influence
They provide the second major socialization experience outside the family
They help to develop a sense of identity separate from adolescents’ parents
All of the other answers are correct
22
Alona is examining the impact football on school spirit by distributing surveys to classes. She is employing a ___method
logos
quantitative
Qualitative
pathos
23
Émile Durkheim’s study of suicide is important to sociology in many ways. One of the most influential impacts was:
It earned Émile Durkheim the title “Father of Sociology”
It defined the differences between sociology and psychology
It showed the psychological reasons for suicide to be a lie
It allowed psychology and sociology to merge into one field
24
The process of simultaneously analyzing the behavior of individuals and the society that shapes that behavior is:
Figuration
Latent Functions
Dramaturgical Analysis
Dynamic equilibrium
25
All of the following statements are accurate regarding language, EXCEPT for which one?
Language is a series of symbols that can be strung together infinitely
language allows culture to exist
Language is the primary method people use to communicate with one another
Language is universal in terms of the meaning of particular sounds
26
A hypothesis can be defined as:
Philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline
A way to explain different aspects of social interactions
An attempt to explain large-scale relationships
A testable proposition
27
According to Robert Merton, ________ are the intended beneficial consequences of social institutions.
latent dysfunctions
manifest dysfunctions
latent functions
manifest functions
28
Using secondary data is considered an unobtrusive or ________ research method
nonrestrictive
nonparticipatory
nonconfrontive
nonreactive
29
A measurement is considered ______ if it actually measures what it is intended to measure, according to the study topic.
quantitative
valid
reliable
socological
30
From a sociological perspective, which factor does not greatly influence a person’s socialization?
social class
race
gender
Blood type
31
According to Erving Goffman, the goal of a total institution is to _______
radically alter a person’s personality or behavior
help integrate a troubled patient into the outside world
give a person greater choices about how to live
encourage lifelong learning in a supervised context
32
Which groups of social theorists would focus most on macro-level analysis when examining patterns of society?
symbolic interactionists and structural functionalists
conflict theorists and symbolic interactionists
symbolic interactionists and conflict theorists
conflict theorists and structural functionalists
33
A setting where a staff tries to radically change someone’s personality through carefully controlling the environment is
an anticipatory social center
a cohort community
a total institution
a degradation ceremony
34
Which of the following is not a step in the scientific method?
Report your results
Formulate a hypothesis
Receive corroboration from the field
Research existing sources
35
Symbols that can be strung together in an infinite number of ways for the purpose of communicating abstract thought:
gesture
technology
language
pattern
36
What term can be described as,"specific, measurable explanations of abstract concepts that a researcher plans to study"?
operational definition
validity
primary data
conceptualization
37
The notion that people cannot feel or experience something that they do not have a word for can be explained by:
bilingualism
linguistics
the Sapir-Wharf hypothesis
ethnographic imagery
38
Which of the following is true regarding U.S. socialization of recent high school graduates?
They are expected to take a year “off” before college
They're expected to enter college or the workforce shortly after graduation
They are required to serve in the military for one year
They are required to move away from their parents
39
The biggest difference between mores and folkways is that
mores refer to nonmaterial culture; folkways refer to material culture
mores are absolute, whereas folkways are temporary
mores refer to material culture; folkways refer to nonmaterial culture
mores are linked to morality; folkways are linked to what is commonplace
40
See pic:
surveys
experiment
secondary data analysis
field research
41
What occurs in Lawrence Kohlberg’s conventional level?
Children develop the ability to have abstract thoughts
Parental beliefs have no influence on children’s morality
Morality is developed by pain and pleasure
Children begin to consider what society considers moral and immoral
42
Capitalism as an idea represents _____ culture, while the cars produced by capitalist companies represents ____ culture
non-material; material
material; non-material
a universal; material
counterculture; material
43
A statement that describes how variables are expected to be related to one another,according to predictions from theory:
primary function
hypothesis
correlation
secondary prediction
44
The sociologist responsible for suggesting the connection between history and biography (the Sociological Imagination):
Talcott Parsons
Herbert Spencer
Emile Durkheim
C. Wright Mills
45
Which sociologist developed the concept of double consciousness?
Max Weber
Ida B. Wells
WEB DuBois
Emile Durkheim
46
What is the importance of the interpretive framework?
It eliminates the need for a literature review.
It prevents researchers from making unethical decisions
It relies on statistics to determine causal relationships
It leads to in-depth knowledge of a participant’s social world
47
See image:
the hidden curriculum of schools
the generalized other
the influences of one's peer group
the influences of a total institution
48
Kyle is collecting newspaper clippings from his grandfather about the American public’s perception of World War II.
primary data
interactive data
secondary data
tertiary data
49
____ believed that societies grew and changed as a result of the struggles of different social classes:
Max Weber
Auguste Comte
Karl Marx
Emile Durkeheim
50
See the pic
social welfare
social Darwinism
positivism
post-modernism
51
Receiving the Medal of Honor and making the Dean's List are both examples of ________.
positive sanctions
value clusters
folkways
value contradictions
52
A car’s use for transportation is an example of its ____function, while using a car for storage is an example of a _____
manifest; storage
manifest; participatory
manifest; latent
latent; manifest
53
Which of the following is an example of a counterculture?
The hippie movement in the 1960’s
The yuppie craze in the 1980’s
The Kardashian obsession in the 2010’s
The disco invasion in the 1970’s
54
Which of the following people coined the term
positivism
, and is widely considered the father of sociology?
Émile Durkheim
Karl Marx
Max Weber
Auguste Comte
55
See the pic
ethnocentrism
symbolic interactionism
functionalism
conflict theory
56
Patterns of child-rearing vary by class. Lower-class parents generally stress ___, while middle class parents stress ___
creativity; obedience
obedience; creativity
independence; dependence
independence; protecting children
57
Surveying the religious affiliation of Americans as a whole is an example of _____________
macro-sociology
figurational sociology
micro-sociology
conflict sociology
58
The pollution that cars leak into the atmosphere is an example of a _____________
dysfunction
allocation function
latent function
manifest function
59
Which of the following is an example of an unethical sociological research practice?
Drawing conclusions from a study which the hypothesis did not predict
Using a control group and an experimental group during observation
Observing study participants without their consent
Conducting a literature review prior to conducting an experiment
60
See the pic
public sociology; culture shock
ethnocentrism; cultural relativism
value contradiction; value cluster
culture shock; cultural diffusion
61
A group has a distinctive culture, but its values and norms are not at odds with the larger culture. This is a(n):
example of cultural relativism
counterculture
example of cultural diffusion
subculture
62
Which of the following is a manifest function of schools?
Knowing locker room etiquette
Understanding when to speak up and when to be silent
Learning to read and write
Following a schedule
63
Which of the following is an example of a cultural universal?
incest taboos
Putting your cell phone on silent during a Broadway production
Holding hands with your best friend
Marrying the partner whom your parents have chosen for you
64
Sociology
is defined as the:
Qualitative analysis of human phenomenon
Theoretical examination of life’s origins
Quantitative analysis of social transgressions
Systematic study of society and social interaction
65
Jeremy wrote an essay criticizing the college admissions process, arguing that certain populations are excluded.
symbolic interactionism
the conflict perspective
behaviorism
structural functionalism
66
See pic:
secondary data analysis
ethnography
experiment
survey
67
Whose study described the differences in the way that boys and girls view morality?
Erik Erikson
Lawrence Kohlberg
Sigmund Freud
Carol Gilligan
68
Many married couples met while they were in high school or college. This is an example of education's ______ functions
latent
manifest
dysfunctional
cunjunction
69
See image
a graduation ceremony
an exit test that must be passed
An entry test that must be passed
a degradation ceremony
70
According to Durkheim, which of the following is NOT a social fact?
a law
A religious belief
all of the other answer choices are social facts
a custom
71
See the pic
ideal culture
material culture
behavioral normativity
cultural imperialism
72
Please define C. Wright Mill’s
sociological imagination
.
The theory that man evolved slowly over time
The process of analyzing human behavior based solely on statistics
A series of interviews asking subjects about their sleep habits and dreams
How individuals make connections between biography, structure, and history
73
Which of the following is typically the earliest agent of socialization?
School
workplace
Family
Mass media
74
Pieces of material culture that identify a person as occupying a particular status are referred to as ________.
achieved master status
inherited status
status symbols
ascribed master status
75
See pic:
The Authority Effect
The Cognizant Effect
The Regressive Effect
The Hawthorne Effect
76
Sociologists use the concept of "norms" to describe ________.
expressions of disapproval for violating socially acceptable behavior
ideas about what is true or false
expectations or rules of behavior that develop from values
standards by which people define what is socially desirable
77
See pic:
A governmental agency like Health and Social Services
a nonprofit health organization
a corporation that owns several fast food chains
a private hospital
78
Mead used the concept “generalized other” to refer to _______
a person who provides complete care for a child
important individuals in the child’s life
widespread cultural norms and values people take as their own
any “significant other.”
79
Max Weber, in contrast to positivists, called for a sociology interested in a deep understanding of its subjects, called
verstehen
ethnography
case studies
schadenfreude
80
The belief that one’s own culture is superior to other cultures is called:
ethnocentrism
nationalism
xenocentrism
imperialism
81
See the pic
material culture; symbolic culture
ideal culture; real culture
unrealistic culture; realistic culture
real culture; symbolic culture
82
The process by which technology changes more quickly than legal and cultural systems is called _________.
Cultural Leveling
Globalization
Multiculturalism
Cultural Lag
83
See pic:
culture shock
stereotyping
cultural relativism
ethnocentrism
84
In order to understand the pledging process at her university for her thesis, Carmen pledges with a popular sorority.
dependent variables
participant observation
literature review
secondary data analysis