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Earth Science Chapter 21 - 26 Review Quiz Flashcards | StudBud
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Earth Science Chapter 21 - 26 Review Quiz
Earth Science Chapter 21 - 26 Review Quiz
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1
A constant stream of electrically charged particles that is blown out from the sun in all directions is called _______.
solar Wind
auroras
solar Radiation
rays
2
What are the dark spots on the photosphere called?
Craters
Sunspots
Magnetic Field
Auroras
3
A gently rolling undersea slope between a continental slope and an abyssal plain is a...
continental margin
continental shelf
continental rise
continental slope
4
Which of these are scientific devices used by oceanographers in their research?
robot vehicles
sonar
satellites
moored buoys
5
An undersea gully that cuts through the continental shelf and continental slope is a...
deep sea trench
submarine canyon
island arc
mid ocean ridge
6
A technique that involves the use of a special hollow drill to remove cylindrical samples from sediment or rock is...
core sampling
terrigenous sediments
echo sounding
biogenous sediments
7
The darkest part of the shadow cast by the moon or by Earth is the _______.
Umbra
Penumbra
Lunar Eclipse
Apogee
8
The daily changes in the moon's appearance are called the ________ of the moon.
steps
waxing
shadows
phases
9
Which type of water is more dense?
cold
warm
10
Dense water _________________
forms a tsunami
floats
creates a whirlpool
sinks
11
A rocky, metallic or icy fragment of a comet or asteroid that travels through space is called a meteoroid.
True
False
12
A continuous flow of water along a broad path in the ocean is called...
surface current
countercurrent
ocean current
density current
13
The inner layer of the sun's atmosphere is called the core.
False
True
14
Where does the densest water in the ocean come from?
The Gulf of Mexico
The tropical region of the South Pacific
Just off the coast of Southern California
The polar region of the Antarctic
15
How can ships sail into ocean water ports even when the air temperature is below freezing?
Oceans can't freeze
The oceans water is warmed by the ships water heaters
Ocean ports pump in warm water to stop the freezing
The ocean has enough salt in it to lower the freezing temperature
16
The periodic rise and fall of the ocean surface due to the gravitational pulls of the moon and sun are called...
warm-core ring
tides
upwelling
cold-core ring
17
What materials are biogenous sediments composed of?
From dehydrated seawater that was washed back into the ocean by rain.
Mainly from shells and skeletal remains of tiny living organisms.
Mainly from deteriated rocks and non living materials.
Mainly from chemical reactions causing minerals in seawater to crystallize.
18
What is a desert like?
covered with vegitation and mild temperatures
very hot and dry with no life
wet; either warm or cool and home to very few plants and animals
dry; either hot or cold and home to variety of plants and animals
19
What is the name of the largest known crater in the solar system?
Copernicus
Aitken Basin
Caucasus
Mare Imbrium
20
What surface feature indicates that the sun's inner layers are in motion?
Heat
Sunspots
Granules
Solar winds
21
The inner core of the sun is cooler and it heats up the as it nears the surface.
True
False
22
The heliocentric model of the solar system puts the sun at the center.
False
True
23
According to the most widely accepted theory, what event led to the formation of the moon?
Earth was spinning so fast that a chunk spun off into orbit
Big Bang Theory
Collision between Earth and planet sized object
Made somewhere else in space , then Earth's gravitational field captured it
24
The Equatorial Currents and the Cromwell Current are examples of...
cold currents
countercurrents
warm currents
surface currents
25
As you descend through the ocean, the pressure _________________
increases
stays the same
decreases
26
A water molecule with positive charged hydrogen atoms and a negative charged oxygen atom at each end is an example of...
polarity
hydrogen bonding
aqueous solution
salinity
27
Which water solution will boil at a higher temerature saltwater or fresh water?
fresh water
salt water
28
This causes surface currents
wind
temperature
pressure
salt content
29
A flat topped seamount is a...
seamount
guyot
coral atoll
fracture zone
30
How can volcanoes affect climate?
Volcanic ash & dust can reflect the suns solor energy, lowering tempratures
Volcanic eruptioins release Earth's stress, creating a calmer planet
Volcanic eruptions cool the Earth's core
Volcanic clouds deplete your oxygen levels
31
Flat or gently sloping submerged part of the continent extending from a shoreline out to the continental slope is the...
continental margin
continental slope
continental shelf
continental rise
32
Free swimming marine life, such as fish, reptiles, whales, squid, and jellyfish are classified as...
nekton
coral
zooplankton
diatom
33
What do the dark patches on the moon's surface tell us about the moon's past?
The moon got hit by a ton of meteroids.
The moon experienced volcanic activity.
The moon used to be covered in all water.
People used to live on the moon.
34
The surface layer of ocean water is called the...
boiling point
mixed layer
freezing point
thermocline
35
What type of Gulf Stream ring is found between the Gulf Stream and the coast of the United States?
ring of fire
warm core ring
diamond ring
cold core ring
36
1 of a series of small rolling hills on the ocean floor that occur next to continental margins & oceanic ridges is an...
abyssal plain
abyssal hill
passive continental margin
active continental margin
37
The motion of sunspots on the surface of the sun indicates rotation.
False
True
38
Two things that can cause deep ocean currents are
wind and temperature
amount of salt and wind
temperature and seals
temperature and amount of salt
39
The force of _____ between two objects depends on their mass and their distance apart.
friction
electricity
wind
gravitation
40
An attraction between a hydrogen atom on one water molecule and the oxygen atom on another is known as...
polarity
salinity
hydrogen bonding
aqueous solution
41
What is the primary cause of surface currents?
Earth's orbit
gravitational pull
deep cold water rising
winds
42
How do plate tectonics affect climate?
By causing glaciers to build up causing in creased reflection of sunlight
Plate movement causes volcanoes & mountains to form & change wind patterns
Large mountain chains influence the circulation of opceans & air currents
Changes in position of continents can affect wind patterns & ocean currants
43
An offshoot stream from an ocean current that forms a ring with a core of cold water is called...
cold-core ring
upwelling
tides
warm-core ring
44
Which water solution will freeze at a lower temperature saltwater or fresh water?
salt water
fresh water
45
Continental margin with a very narrow shelf & steep continental slope falling away into a deep oceanic trench is an...
active continental margin
passive continental margin
abyssal plain
abyssal hill
46
The sun's thin outer atmosphere is called the corona.
True
False
47
A long mountain ridge with a central rift valley that is located along a divergent boundry on the ocean floor is a...
mid ocean ridge
island arc
submarine canyon
deep sea trench
48
Why do tides occur 50 minutes later each day?
The moon rises 50 minutes later each day
The moon likes to mess with our internal clocks
The Moon is so far away that it's slower than the Earth
The Moons alarm clock is broken
49
______ radiate out from craters, and can be hundreds of kilometers long.
Penumbras
Regolith
Meteroids
Rays
50
A microscopic animal found in ocean water that eats phytoplankton or smaller animals of it's own species is called...
coral
zooplankton
diatom
nekton
51
The homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in which the solvent or dissolving medium in water is called...
salinity
polarity
hydrogen bonding
aqueous solution
52
How is salt from seawater different from table salt?
Sea salt is from dried up desert lakes
Table salt is 100% sodium chloride, sea salt contains many other minerals
Table salt is man made and sea salt come from melted polar ice
Sea salt is 50% saltier than table salt
53
An area of Mid Ocean Ridges that are broken by transform faults is a...
coral atoll
fracture zone
guyot
seamount
54
Mercury would take longer than Venus to orbit the sun, based on Kepler's third law of planetary motion.
False
True
55
What do we call a stream of water that flows in the oceans?
density
current
wave
56
Why doesn't the average temperature give a complete picture of climate?
Locations with diffferent average temps can be different.
Locations with the same average temps can have very different temp ranges.
Temperatures can vary in every climate, but they are all the same.
Temperatures are steady in the same climates as the weather is the same.
57
The vertical movement of cold, deep ocean water toward the surface is called...
warm-core ring
cold-core ring
tides
upwelling
58
A state of matter consisting of charged particles with both positive and negative charges is called _________.
plasma
protons
electrons
fusion
59
A surface ocean current that flows in the opposite direction of the wind related current is called...
countercurrent
density current
ocean current
surface current
60
Why are density currents so important to marine life in the deep ocean?
They provied light from the surface to the ocean floor
They carry turtles across long distances
They provide resistance that makes fish stronger
They carry oxygen absorbed from the surface
61
The combining of the nuclei of lighter elements to form a heavier element is ________.
fusion
plasma
corona
gravitation
62
An offshoot stream from an ocean current that forms a ring with a core of warm water is called...
upwelling
warm-core ring
cold-core ring
tides
63
The Layer of ocean directly beneath the mixed layer, in which the temperature decreases rapidly is called...
mixed layer
freezing point
boiling point
thermocline
64
Why is echo sounding a better method of mapping the ocean floor than the lead weight on a line method?
It's not. People just think technology is better than manual labor.
Echo sounding is another way to map sea surfaces & lead weights are heavy.
Echo Sounding(Sonar) is a faster and more detailed method.
Echo Sounding provides much more sound than a lead cup on a string,
65
What is a humid tropical climate?
cold and dry all year long
hot and dry all year long
only wet during the winter
hot & wet all year long
66
A ring shaped island consisting of a coral reef surrounding a central lagoon is a...
seamount
guyot
coral atoll
fracture zone
67
A cone shaped mountain of volcanic origin that rises high above the ocean floor but does not reach the surface is a...
seamount
guyot
coral atoll
fracture zone
68
Why do Mediterranean climates have dry summers and wet winters?
subtropical high pressure zones in summer & mid latitude storms in winter
low pressure mid atlantic subtropical winds blow the clouds out
so the locals can get a break from the tourists
high latitude storms force tropical high pressure zones to leave
69
What two ways can you measure salinity?
Taste the seawater and to see how salty it is
Evaporate a measured amount of seawater & weigh the salt left behind
Using a measuring cup and a magnifying glass to see the salt in the water
Using electrical conductivity, higher conductivity equals higher salinity
70
The decreasing of the visible amount of the moon's illuminated surface, from full moon to new moon is(stages 5-8) _____.
Waxing
Gibbous
A crescent
Waning
71
A lunar eclipse is an event during which Earth's shadow prevents the sunlight from reaching the moon.
False
True
72
The measure of the dissolved salts in water is called...
aqueous solution
salinity
hydrogen bonding
polarity
73
A solar eclipse is when the Earth comes between the sun and the moon.
True
False
74
Solar wind blows right past the Earth due to its magenetic field, creating auroras.
True
False
75
How can mountains affect climate?
Air is forced back down the mountains and all moisture is evaported
Air forced to rise on the windward side expands, cools & condenses & rains
Snow covered mountains cause it to rain year round
Mountains collect heat and warm the cold nights
76
The increasing of visible amount of the moon's illuminated surface, from new moon to full moon is (stages 1-4)________.
Waning
Gibbous
A crecsent
Waxing
77
Regolith, which is lunar soil, is made up of water and organic material just like the soil on Earth.
True
False
78
In what ways does Earth's motions change over time?
When the Earth starts to wobble we need to service it's axle
The tilt of Earth's orbit varies and Earth's axis wobbles
The Earth's tilt causes it's rotation to turn left
The Ganster Lean of the Earth causes other planets to Wobble Wobble
79
A large flat area on the ocean floor, composed of sediments that originated mostly on continents is an...
passive continental margin
abyssal hill
active continental margin
abyssal plains
80
How can sunspots affect earth's climate?
Sunspots cause decreased solor radiation, super cooling the air
Sunspots should always be checked out by Doctor Moon
Sunspots can cause rapid cooling of the Earth's atmosphere
The suns energy given off increases when sunspots increase warming the air
81
Sir Isaac Newton described gravitation and the force that keeps the planets in orbit around the sun.
False
True
82
How do satellites determine the terrain of the ocean floor?
Scientists walk the ocean floor and send the data to the satellites.
By using technology from the future that we can't understand.
By taking thousands of pictures and posting them to IG.
By using microwaves to sence the minute differences of the ocean topograhy.
83
Tiny, colonial sea animals called Polyps that form a large part of Earth's reefs are called...
coral
diatom
nekton
zooplankton
84
The underwater part of the continental crust, which includes the continental shelf and the continental slope is the...
continental rise
continental slope
continental shelf
continental margin
85
The temperature at which a solution turns from liquid to solid is called the...
thermocline
mixed layer
boiling point
freezing point
86
A system that uses transmitted and reflected sound waves to measure distances to the ocean floor; sonar is...
terrigenous sediments
core sampling
biogenous sediments
echo sounding
87
Sea floor sediments that are composed mostly of the shells and skeletons of living things are...
echo sounding
biogenous sediments
terrigenous sediments
core sampling
88
Auroras are created by solar winds interacting with Earth's magnetsophere and atmosphere.
True
False
89
The visible surface of the sun is called the ________.
chromosphere
atmosphere
photosphere
sunspot
90
A phase of the moon in which almost all of the bright half of the moon faces Earth is the ______.
Last Quarter
Full Moon
Gibbous
New Moon
91
Extensive dark areas on the moon that represent great basins and level plains are ________.
Rilles
Marias
Regolith
Rays
92
A one-celled protist with a delicate, thin shell made of silica is called a...
coral
zooplankton
diatom
nekton
93
Who proposed the heliocentric model?
Tyche Brahe
Nicolaus Copernicus
Neil Armstrong
Albert Einstein
94
Ptolemy developed a model in which planets were on small circular orbits called epicycles.
True
False
95
What information can scientists learn from a sediment core sample?
How much salt is in the sea
How Earth's atmosphere and climate have changed over millions of years
The composition of the ocean floor
How deep the ocean really is
96
What percentage of Earth's surface is covered by water?
90%
50%
70%
75%
97
A long, narrow, steep sided trough that runs parallel to continental margins or to volcanic island chains is a...
submarine canyon
mid ocean ridge
island arc
deep ocean trench
98
Plasma is the same as gas because they both don't contain charged particles.
True
False
99
Sea floor sediments that came from eroded minerals that come from land and comprised of continental rocks are...
biogenous sediments
core sampling
terrigenous sediments
echo sounding
100
Trenchlike valleys running through maria bedrock are called _________.
Rilles
Highlands
Canyons
Marias
101
These are two types of ocean currents
deep ocean and Mariana
Pacific and Atlantic
surface and deep ocean
surface and shore
102
What is "liquid water"
the form of water we are most familiar with
un-frozen or melted ice
just plain ol water
vapor in its original form
103
A total lunar eclipse occurs when...
the moon is fully within the Earth's umbra.
the moon is totally not in the umbra at all.
the moon is only partially in the Earth's umbra.
the moon is closest in its orbit to Earth.
104
As you descend through the ocean, the temperature __________________.
stays the same
increases
decreases
105
What is the Earth centered model of the universe called?
Planet Model
Geocentric Model
Heliocentric Model
Earth Model
106
The area of partial shadow surrounding the darkest poart of the shadow of the Earth or moon is the ______.
Penumbra
Lunar Eclipse
Umbra
Apogee
107
Why does the moon rise at a different time each day and night?
Because the moon doesn't follow a pattern of rotating around the Earth.
Moon tilts 13 deg for every rotation of the Earth, adding 50 mins each day
Daylight savings time
It does it randomly.
108
Areas of higher gravity are called mascons.
False
True
109
A volcanic island chain that forms along a deep ocean trench is an...
deep sea trench
island arc
mid ocean ridge
submarine canyon
110
What actions occur along ocean ridges?
Magma is rising to form guyots.
Lithospheric plates are moving apart and magma is rising up between them.
Deep Sea Valleys are closing and rising up to form continents.
Lithospheric plates are coming together to seal magma vents.
111
The temperature at which a solution turns from liquid to gas is called the...
mixed layer
thermocline
boiling point
freezing point
112
Ocean current that generally flows in the upper 1000 meters of the ocean & is primarily driven by the wind is called...
density current
countercurrent
surface current
ocean current
113
What are tides?
Large waves that make it to shore
The periodic rise and fall of the sand along the shore lines
The most popular laundry detergent
The periodic rise & fall of the ocean surface
114
What is the study of the universe called?
Selenography
Astronomy
Biology
Geology
115
A continental margin not along a plate boundary, and having no ocean trenches or rugged coastal mountains is a...
abyssal hill
passive continental margin
active continental margin
abyssal plain
116
A surface current that is heavier or more dense than the surrounding water is called...
ocean current
density current
surface current
countercurrent
117
The steep boundry between the continental shelf and the continental rise is the...
continental margin
continental slope
continental shelf
continental rise
118
How can scientists learn about past climate changes?
They ask Google and write papers claiming them as their own studies
They travel back in time and measure oxygen levels and weather patterns
Studying the distribution of shells & sea floor sediments & oxygen in them
Studying types of oxygen in glacial samples, and tree rings
