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Rock cycle, rocks, and rock layers Flashcards | StudBud
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Rock cycle, rocks, and rock layers
Rock cycle, rocks, and rock layers
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8th grade earth science
Flashcards
28 cards
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Answers
1
Metamorphic rock can be foliated or non-foliated. Foliated rocks have.....
larger crystals
minerals arranged in bands
tiny grains of sand
burnt texture
2
How does sedimentary rock most likely form?
by heat and pressure creating separate layers of materials
by lava from volcanic eruptions cooling on Earth’s surface
by magma slowly cooling and changing into solid rock
by sand & materials being deposited and hardening over time
3
Which of the following arrangements would show the concept of relative dating?
forming a line in the order of weight
forming a line in the order of birth month
forming a line in the order of height
forming a line in the order of age
4
Slate is a meta morphic rock that forms from shale, what is needed for slate to form?
pressure and heat
erosion and deposition
melting and solidification
weathering
5
Which type of condition is forming metamorphic rock deep below the surface?
Erosion
Melting
weathering
High pressure
6
below is a flow chart to show how one kind of rock can change into metamorphic rock.
neither igneous or sedimentary rock
either igneous rock or sedimentary rock
sedimentary only
igneous only
7
What type of rock is the greatest music ever?
Classic
Punk
Hard
Country isn't real music
8
As lava and magma cool, the rate or speed at which they cool affect crystal (mineral) size.
slower cooling = smaller crystals
faster cooling = larger crystals
slower cooling = larger crystals
faster cooling = smaller crystals
9
When a river slows down it drops its sediment to form a delta, what type of rock will form.
metamorphic
sedimentary
igneous
extrusive
10
which phrase best defines uplift?
Earths crust rising
Earths crust moving in any direction
Earths crust shifting sideways
Earths crust sinking
11
What change of state takes place when magma turns to igneous rock?
gas to solid
solid to liquid
solid to gas
liquid to soild
12
Fossils in southern MN are mostly marine creatures, what was Minnesota like at that time?
Southern MN was underwater
In ancient times some ocean creatures could walk on land.
There was a tsunami that carried ocean creatures to MN.
Creatures traveled through the Great Lakes to get to MN.
13
Which of these statements describes a key characteristic of index fossils?
They are similar to other fossils
They are present in very small numbers
They existed for a short period of time
They existed in a unique location
14
Which of these choices is an example of the way a geologist would use relative dating?
classifying rocks as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic
placing rock layers in order of oldest to youngest
determining the minerals that make up rocks
using radioactive isotopes to determine exact age of samples
15
Which of the following is a constructive process?
chemical weathering
weathering
lava cooling to make new rock
erosion
16
What part of the rock cycle helps form igneous rock, but not other types of rock?
melting
erosion
deposition
metamorphism
17
What is the difference between (liquid hot) magma and lava?
both are found above the surface
both are found below the surface
magma erupts on the surface and lava is below the surface
lava erupts on the surface and magma is below the surface
18
An igneous rock that forms on the surface from lava and cools down quickly.
Extrusive
Intrusive
Granite
Sandstone
19
According to the law of superposition, which numbered layer is the youngest?
layer 4
layer 3
layer 2
layer 1
20
This rock is igneous intrusive with medium to large crystals.
Sandstone
Granite
Gneiss
Magnetite
21
Which of the following represents a destructive process?
Erosion carries away rocks and sediment
a river deposits sediment in a new location
Lava cools to form new rock
Uplift happens to a region of the earth
22
How do scientists use fossils to determine the relative ages of rock layers?
by looking at all the fossils in one rock layer
by making a fossil collection
by comparing fossils in one layer to fossils in many layers
by drawing the shape of fossils
23
What is the best reason why no dinosaur fossils have been found in Minnesota?
Dinosaurs never lived in Minnesota.
Volcanoes destroyed the dinosaur fossils.
Dinosaur fossils were in rock layers that eroded away.
Animals ate the dinosaur fossils.
24
A rock at the beach has tiny grains of sand arranged in layers, what type of rock is this?
Granite
Igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
25
Which of the following is the oldest feature in this rock column?
Rock 2
Rock 1
Fault
Layer 1
26
Limestone is a what kind of rock made up of Calcium carbonate and fossils?
Sedimentary
Igneous
magma
Metamorphic
27
A type of igneous rock that forms underground from magma and cools slowly.
Extrusive
Lava rock
Intrusive
Agate
28
the flow chart shows how a metamorphic rock can change into a sedimentary rock.
cooling
deposition
weathering
melting
