Lincoln's victory should not have caused fear in the South over slavery because

it would require a constitutional ammendment to end slavery

Which did NOT result from the Great Awakening?

heightened sense of sectional and regional differences

Why did England show little interest in colonizing the New World during the 1500s?

it didn't want to compete with its ally Spain

What were the political ramifications of the population growth in the colonies from 1770-1775?

the ratio of American colonists to English subjects declined

How did George Washington start the global war in 1754 (aka the Seven Years War)?

he recklessly attacked French forces without a battle plan

The Kansas-Nebraska Act heightened sectional tension between the North&South in all ways EXCEPT

led to enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Act in the North

Yellowstone was the product of

an emerging conservation movement that began in the 1830s

The economic crash of 1857 was caused by all EXCEPT

rapid decline in cotton prices overseas

Robert Fulton's development of the steamboat was significant for all EXCEPT

relied on making the best use of currents

The Whiskey Rebellion is significant because

led to the strengthening and credibility of the government

Which economic woes was NOT associated with cotton cultivation in the South?

new immigrants seeking to profit from the land

Which were NOT among Southern justifications for seceding?

they were exerting their majority political status and clout

What strategic tool did Indians lose as a result of the war's outcome and the Treaty of Paris?

ability to play rival European countries against each other

Which was NOT among the forces that pushed President Madison to war with Britain in 1812?

Briting re-enforcement of its Orders in Council

What did John Adams do in 1800 that paved the way for the Louisiana Purchase?

he accepted a 2nd invite to negotiate a treaty with France

What kept France from exploring the New World until the late 17th century?

foreign wars and internal colonies

How did the South manage its slave population during the Civil War?

established home guards to protect against insurection

John Marshall made a lasting impact in several decisions that

reinforced the loose construction of the Constitution

The middle colonies had which of the following traits in common?

population that was less ethnically and religiously diverse

Why was the Gadsden Purchase such a contentious issue

furthered southern plans for a trans-continental railroad

Even as they fought battles in 1775-76, America resisted independence from Britain for all BUT

they needed British protection from other invading nations

Manifest Destiny is best described as

the US was ordained by God to spread beyond its borders

Which was NOT a cause of the antiforeign/nativist movement that emerged in the 1840s and 1850s?

concern increased immigration would drive up land prices

What was Preston Brooks's claim to fame?

badly beat Senator Charles Sumner over a speech

Initially, Lincoln's reelection was secured as voting day neared in 1864 by

a series of Union military victories

Why is the Battle of Bull Run important?

it gave the South an exaggerated sense of confidence

Which is NOT one of Benjamin Franklin's many contributions to America?

writing to Declaration of Independence

What strategic tool did Indians lose as a result of the war's outcome and the Treaty of Paris?

ability to play rival European countries against each other

What proof has led researchers to conclude that the earth once contained a single continent?

identical species of fish in lakes across the globe

Washington's 1793 Neutrality Proclimation is significant for all reasons EXCEPT

united Federalists and Jeffersonians around a single cause

Why did England show little interest in colonizing the New World during the 1500s?

it didn't want to compete with its ally Spain

Why is the Marbury vs. Madison case significant?

gave Supreme Court authority to interpret the Consititution

All are true about the Bill of Rights EXCEPT

gives the gov't powers not designated in the Constitution

Despite early resistance to public education, it was advantaged by all EXCEPT

the expanding number of public schools nationwide

Scholars see the origin of capitalism in New World discoveries of precious metals for all but

they decreased the cost of consumer goods dramatically

The War of 1812 was important to the US for all reasons EXCEPT

increased naval presence to protect the Great Lakes

Native Americans did NOT make a major imprint on the land they used for all but

feared that changing it would effect their survival

How did Indians resist English encroachment on their land?

by forging intertribal alliances

The Proclamation of 1763

prohibited colonists from settling beyond the Appalacians

After 2 wars for control of America, England and France signed a peace treaty that granted

Acadia, Newfoundland, and Hudson Bay to the British

The 19th contury "cult of domesticity" is best described as

celebration of women's roles within the home

All set the stage for the discovery of the New World EXCEPT

wars between rivaling European countries

The plantation system was first developed

in the American southern colonies

Which is NOT a true statement about the rise of the Republican Party in the 1850s?

the bulwark of its support was below the Mason-Dixon line

The three battles that turned the War of 1812 around, in America's favor, were

New York, Washington, and New Orleans

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Answers

1
Lincoln's victory should not have caused fear in the South over slavery because
the Supreme Court split in terms of the political views
the national was so divided that no party could've prevailed
it would require a constitutional ammendment to end slavery
there were more slave than free states
2
What is Gullah?
a type of African bongo drum
a slave language
a method of rice cultivation widely used in the Carolinas
a West African religious dance
3
Who is considered the father of the American factory system?
Eli Whitney
Samuel Slater
Francis Cabot
Moses Brown
4
Which did NOT result from the Great Awakening?
heightened sense of sectional and regional differences
several colleges and universitites were established
many new churches were established
the authority of older clergy was called into question
5
The Kansas-Nebraska Act heightened sectional tension between the North&South in all ways EXCEPT
Empty choice
Empty choice
6
The North financed its war effort in all ways EXCEPT
property taxes
excise taxes
insuing paper money
tariffs
7
Why did England show little interest in colonizing the New World during the 1500s?
internal problems were overwhelming its government
it saw little promise in the colonies
its navy was too weak
it didn't want to compete with its ally Spain
8
What were the political ramifications of the population growth in the colonies from 1770-1775?
the number of colonies more than doubled
more people moved to the countryside to the growing cities
the ratio of American colonists to English subjects declined
there were massive food shortages in the colonies
9
Which is NOT among the official roles women played during the Civil War?
cooks, launderers, and tailors
spies
soldiers
government works
10
How did George Washington start the global war in 1754 (aka the Seven Years War)?
his men killed a French leader on the outskirts of Fort D.
he sent an insulting letter to French leaders
he claimed territory where the French built Fort Duquesne
he recklessly attacked French forces without a battle plan
11
The Kansas-Nebraska Act heightened sectional tension between the North&South in all ways EXCEPT
repealed the revered Missouri Compromise
led to enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Act in the North
heightened antislavery fervor in the North
led northerners to resist further compromise with the South
12
Yellowstone was the product of
President Harrison's love of nature
early overcrowding of faith and animals on western lands
an emerging conservation movement that began in the 1830s
desire to make access to some western lands available
13
The economic crash of 1857 was caused by all EXCEPT
overproduction of grain
rapid decline in cotton prices overseas
feverish land spectulation
inflated currency calues
14
Robert Fulton's development of the steamboat was significant for all EXCEPT
shortened travel time and lowered costs
relied on making the best use of currents
facilitated trade with interior and southern regions
helped fuel further development of the West
15
The Whiskey Rebellion is significant because
included many former Revolutionary War veterans
led to the strengthening and credibility of the government
first protest to make its case without violence
marked the first tax rebellion against the new government
16
Which economic woes was NOT associated with cotton cultivation in the South?
overspectulation in land and slaves
excessive land cultivation and soil depletion
increasing vulnerability to a colatile world market
new immigrants seeking to profit from the land
17
Which were NOT among Southern justifications for seceding?
they were exerting their majority political status and clout
they feared tthe rise of the Republican party
they were inspired by nationalistic movements
they thought they could withdraw from the union
18
What strategic tool did Indians lose as a result of the war's outcome and the Treaty of Paris?
ability to play rival European countries against each other
alliances with Quakers and Christian missionaries
strategic trading posts
French and Spanish protection against the British
19
Which was NOT among the forces that pushed President Madison to war with Britain in 1812?
need to assert American nationhood and rights
rise to power of pro-war representatives in Congress
Briting re-enforcement of its Orders in Council
Britain's arming of Indians along the American frontier
20
What did John Adams do in 1800 that paved the way for the Louisiana Purchase?
joined forces with Britain against France
he accepted a 2nd invite to negotiate a treaty with France
authorized gov't purchase of foreign land bordering the US
moved to purchase Florida from Spain
21
What kept France from exploring the New World until the late 17th century?
the cost of financing an expedition
foreign wars and internal colonies
ill-fated missions by early English settlers
lack of interest by the crown
22
How did the South manage its slave population during the Civil War?
used them as spies against approaching Union troops
established home guards to protect against insurection
kept potentiall unruly slaves in shackles
enlisted slaves in the army
23
John Marshall made a lasting impact in several decisions that
gave the states the righ to alter contracts
increased the power of the states
reinforced the loose construction of the Constitution
checked the excesses of business and the federal government
24
The middle colonies had which of the following traits in common?
rich, fertile soil
few industries for trade
population that was less ethnically and religiously diverse
landholdings that were small in size
25
Why was the Gadsden Purchase such a contentious issue
furthered southern plans for a trans-continental railroad
the $5million purchase price was outrageously high
further eroded US-Mexico relations
sparked a debate about the process for admitting new states
26
Even as they fought battles in 1775-76, America resisted independence from Britain for all BUT
they needed British protection from other invading nations
there was little colonial disunity
they feared repercussions from Britain
their loyalty to Britain was deeply ingrained
27
Which was NOT a cause of the antiforeign/nativist movement that emerged in the 1840s and 1850s?
Empty choice
Empty choice
28
Manifest Destiny is best described as
goal of expelling all foreign influences from US borders
sense of mission to eliminate slavery on US soil
the US was ordained by God to spread beyond its borders
America's push toward becoming a commercial nation
29
Which was NOT a cause of the antiforeign/nativist movement that emerged in the 1840s and 1850s?
feared immigrants would drive wages down&compete for jobs
rampant anti-Catholicism
concern increased immigration would drive up land prices
fear that foreigners would outnumber native born Americans
30
What was Preston Brooks's claim to fame?
expelled from the House of Refor his violent outbursts
staged an attack on Kansas aka Bleeding Kansas
badly beat Senator Charles Sumner over a speech
challenged Sumner to a duel
31
Initially, Lincoln's reelection was secured as voting day neared in 1864 by
the solid baking of the Copperheads
a series of Union military victories
a lack of strong competetion for the presidency
support from Peace Democrats
32
Why is the Battle of Bull Run important?
it gave the South an exaggerated sense of confidence
it was a draw
it showed the migt of the Union army
hinted that the war would not be over quickly
33
Which is NOT one of Benjamin Franklin's many contributions to America?
writing to Declaration of Independence
"Poor Richard's Almanac"
the first public library
inventions
34
What strategic tool did Indians lose as a result of the war's outcome and the Treaty of Paris?
alliances with Quakers and Christian missionaries
ability to play rival European countries against each other
French and Spanish protection against the British
strategic trading posts
35
What proof has led researchers to conclude that the earth once contained a single continent?
similar types of mountain ranges around the world
similar forms of vegitation in many nations
identical species of fish in lakes across the globe
ethnic groups can trace their ancestry in other countries
36
Washington's 1793 Neutrality Proclimation is significant for all reasons EXCEPT
launched America's isolationist foreign-policy tradition
marked a departure from the Franco-American Alliance of 1778
served the French more than American entry into the war
united Federalists and Jeffersonians around a single cause
37
Why did England show little interest in colonizing the New World during the 1500s?
internal problems were overwhelming its government
its navy was too weak
it didn't want to compete with its ally Spain
it saw little promise in the colonies
38
Why is the Marbury vs. Madison case significant?
gave Supreme Court authority to interpret the Consititution
overturned the Judiciary Act of 1801
reinforced the importance of the Constitution
renewed the charter of the Bank of the US
39
All are true about the Bill of Rights EXCEPT
it is the first 10 ammendments to the Constitution
prevents the government from seizing private property
gives the gov't powers not designated in the Constitution
protects personal liberties
40
Despite early resistance to public education, it was advantaged by all EXCEPT
efforts to keep children in school for longer terms
increasing manhood suffrage
the expanding number of public schools nationwide
improvements in textbooks
41
Scholars see the origin of capitalism in New World discoveries of precious metals for all but
financed much of the international trade with Asia
laid the foundation of the development of the banking system
they decreased the cost of consumer goods dramatically
they stimulated surplus money supplies
42
The War of 1812 was important to the US for all reasons EXCEPT
stimulated the development of American manufacturing
inspired a new nationalism in the US
gained greater respect for US military by the world
increased naval presence to protect the Great Lakes
43
Union General George McClellan is best remembered for his
slowness to act
unwillingness to risk the lives of his men
preference for attacking by water
brilliant sense of timing in battle
44
Native Americans did NOT make a major imprint on the land they used for all but
revered nature and endowed it with spiritual properties
feared that changing it would effect their survival
lacked the means to dramatically manipulate the land
were spread in small groups across the continent
45
How did Indians resist English encroachment on their land?
by arranging marriages between Indians and settlers
by forging intertribal alliances
by agreeing to convert to Puritan belief
by seeking peaceful, cooperative use of the land
46
The Proclamation of 1763
granted some frontier territory to Native Americans
made Florida a British territory
prohibited colonists from settling beyond the Appalacians
established royal governors in the colonies
47
After 2 wars for control of America, England and France signed a peace treaty that granted
Louisiana to the British
Acadia, Newfoundland, and Hudson Bay to France
Acadia, Newfoundland, and Hudson Bay to the British
limited trading rights in Spanish Florida to the French
48
The 19th contury "cult of domesticity" is best described as
celebration of women's roles within the home
idea that women should determine family size
belief that women should work only in the household
notion that upon marriage, women should leave their paid job
49
All set the stage for the discovery of the New World EXCEPT
new printing presses
Spain's rising prominence, wealth, and power
wars between rivaling European countries
increasingly successful long-distance voyages by explorers
50
The plantation system was first developed
by Native Americans
by various tribal societies in Africa
by Portuguese explorers in West Africa
in the American southern colonies
51
Which is NOT a true statement about the rise of the Republican Party in the 1850s?
emerged in the Midwest in protest of the Kansas-Nebraska Act
the bulwark of its support was below the Mason-Dixon line
symbolized increasing sectionalism leading toward civil war
it dissatisfied Whigs,Democrats,Know-Nothings,&Free-Soilers
52
In office, Jefferson surprisingly eliminated which Federalist program?
protective tariff
excise tax
Bank of the US
Assumption of states' Revolutionary War debts
53
The three battles that turned the War of 1812 around, in America's favor, were
New England, Baltimore, and New Orleans
Louisiana, Kentucky, and Tennessee
New York, Washington, and New Orleans
Erie, New England, and New Orleans
54
What was three-sister farming?
small women-run farms
three tribal groups planting and harvesting crops together
corn, beans, and squash grown together
developing crops that would yield a more nutritious diet
55
What was the main factor contributing to rapid population growth in the 1840s and beyond?
increased imports of slaves
rising birthrates
widespread immigration
improved health
56
Southerns hated the Tariff of Abominations for all of the following EXCEPT
Felt that it favored the North
felt the government was overstepping their authority
thought that it would stall their thriving economy
had little manufacturing and had to purchace items Tariff
57
The Zenger case is significant for
establishing freedom of the press
linking voting rights and officeholding to land ownership
ensuring taxation through proper representation
making sedition legal
58
Which were the first two political parties in America?
Federalists and anti-Federalists
Democratic-Republicans and Federalists
Democrats and Whigs
Whigs and Tories
59
What does "No taxation without representation" mean?
colonists would accept virtual representation
Parliament put needs of English citizens above colonists
the king was the ultimate representative
only colonial legislatures could tax the colonies
60
Who is considered the "father of American history?"
George Bancroft
William Prescott
Francis Parkmann
Herman Melville
61
The ethnic diversity of the 18th century American colonies is significant because it
made unity against the British difficult to achieve
fueled heightened tensions within the colonies
caused eventual rift between northern and southern colonies
paved the way for a new, multicultural American identity
62
In republican government,
all people are considered equal
power comes from the people
self-interest can be marshalled for the greater good
monarchy, aristocracy, and commons share power equally
63
What was Polk's real goal once the battle with Mexico began?
use Santa Anna to betraty Mexico
to take Mexico City
end fighting once he had captured CA
conquer all of Mexico's land claims north of Nueces River
64
The earliest antislavery efforts focused mainly on
exporting slves back to Africa
gradually freeing the slaves over a period of years
aiding slave rebellions and uprisings
immediate and complete emancipation
65
Which of the following men was NOT an explorer for Spain?
Giovanni Caboto
Francisco Pizzaro
Juan Ponce de Leon
Hernan Cortes
66
What issue nearly kept colonies from refusing to sign the Articles of the Confederation?
western lands
organization of the federal government
slavery
taxation
67
Spanish conquistadores hoped to gain all of the following EXCEPT
chance to organize an army
gold
God's favor
noble or royal titles
68
In the years before the War of 1812, what was impressment?
capture and forced military service by the British
seizure of neutral ships by warring nations
blocking American ships from entering French & British ports
prohibition on the export of American goods
69
Why was the Lecompton Constitution considered a sly maneuver?
allowed slavery in Kansas even though they voted against it
attempt to make Kansas a free state
bypass preconditions for moving from territory to state
resolved competing land claims in favor of slaveholders
70
The election of 1832 changed the face of American politics by
showing their power of voting blocs and interest groups
expanding the tradition of nominating conventions
beginning the tradition of nominating conventions
creating presidental "war chests"
71
Leaders chose a site along the Potomac River for the capital city because
close to the homes of several leaders
easily accessable by various transportation routes
ensured that VA would vote in favor of Hamilton's plan
it was located between northern and southern states
72
All fanned the flames that led to the US war with Mexico EXCEPT
Mexico's anger at the US annexation of Texas
dispute over where the Texas-Mexico border lay
Bitain's offer to purchase CA from Mexico
Polk's desire for California
73
The event that signaled the beginning of the end for the Spanish Empire in the New World was
the defeat of the Spanish Armada
the crumbling of Spain's internal economy
a new war with England
a series of rebellions in its American colonies
74
The state constitutions that were drafted beginning in 1776 had all in common EXCEPT
annual election of legislators
a Bill of Rights
limited legislative powers
weak judiciary
75
In the Treaty of Tordesillas, Spain
granted control of West African silver mines to Portugal
declared all New World territories as itw own
divided up the so-called New World with Portugal
agreed not to enter the slave trade
76
Why did N Eng leaders block women from retaining seperate property the way southern women did?
they feared that it would undermine family unity
they felt that widdows were well protected under their laws
they believed that the courts should handle these matters
they were concerned that it would keep women from marrying
77
The main spark in the flowering of a truly American form of literature was the
upsewing in nationalism after the War of 1812
intensifying rivalry with Britain
emerging consumer culture of the 1820s
improvement in publishing techniques
78
Homestead Act of 1862 promised
leniency to those who fled west to escape the draft
free gold to those who mined California
free land to those settling the West
not to tax privte property
79
How did the government of French colonies differ from that of the English colonies?
French colonies were run entirely by the crown
settlers established a representative government
commercial colonies had control over French colonies
colonists were granted a wide range of rights
80
The primary significance of the Monroe Doctrine is that
its flexibility permitted reinterpretation by presidents
incorporated into international law
it outlined noncolonizaion and nonintervention mandates
it was instantly adopted as a national doctrine
81
All celebrated the human potential for goodness and progress in their work EXCEPT
Henry David Thoreau
Louisa May Alcott
Edgar Allan Poe
John Greenlead Whittier
82
Which of the statements about the election of 1812 is NOT true?
the two main contenders were both Republicans
Jacksons campagin depicted him the champion of common man
the vote in the middle states were split between both men
Adams refused to use the negative tactives like Jackson
83
Bonaparte abandoned his vision and sold Louisiana to the US for all reasons EXCEPT
hoped to prevent a US-British alliance against France
failed to conquer Santo Domingo
hoped that the US would be powerful enough to thwart Britain
feared that America might seize it militarily
84
What caused the emergence of the trans-Allegheny region as the nation's leading grain producer?
new farming technologies
a steady labor stream fueled by immigration
southern demand for food products
rapid settlement of the West
85
What was the main reason the Second Continental Congress chose Washington as head of the army?
it valued his leadership abilities
he had an impressive military track record
he was an aristocrat
it wanted to squelch tensions between the colonies
86
The Stono Rebellion was
slaves' anger at their treatment and permanent servitude
successful at reversing many of the restrictive slave codes
large and devistating as Bacons Rebellion
a slave revolt that erupted in New York in 1712
87
What did the Missouri Compromise seek to accomplish?
admitting Missouri to the Union as a free state
eventual abolition of slavery
preserving the Union from the threat of southern secession
maintaining the balance between slave and free states
88
The term "Burned Over District" refers to
regions of New England that were overcrowded and overgrown
sections of the frontier that were overwhelmed with revivals
parts of west NY undated with sermoners preaching hellfire
factory districts in New England
89
The Know-Nothing Party was so named because
known for negative stories about opposing candidates
of its hard-line stand supporting new immigrants
of the secretive nature of the party
chose a man who didn't know about politics as ther candidate
90
The Incans, Mayans, and Aztecs owe the development of their sophisticated civilizations to
advanced early architecture
the blessings of their gods
early mathematics
agriculture (corn)
91
The number 1 form of wealth in the South was
land
cotton crops
tobacco crops
slaves
92
Which region did NOT support the declaration of war against Britain?
the middle Atlantic states
New England
the West
the South
93
What is the dominant theory about how the first people arrived in North America?
they walked as far as they could, then sailed or swam
native peoples long existed here
they traveled in rafts and simple boats
walked across a land bridge from Eurasia to North America
94
The outcome of the Peninsula Campaign to take Richmond in 1862 is significant because
was McClellan's shining moment
was the first southern victory
prolonged the war and began to attach slavery to the cause
inspired Union leaders to expect a long war
95
What was the major significance of the presidential election of 1852?
it put US's first "dark horse" candidate in the White House
it launched a new Era of Good Feelings across the nation
it proved a triumph for the Compromise of 1850
it marked the beginning and end for the Whig party
96
Facing war, Lincoln played fast and loose with the Constitution in all ways EXCEPT that he
declared a blockade without congressional approval
suspended the writ of habeas corpus
suspended freedom of the press
increased the size of the army
97
Which state was NOT among the 6 that joined SC within 6 weeks?
Florida
Alabama
Missouri
Mississippi
98
Americans lagged behind the British in industrialization because they
lacked capital necessary to support the factory system
were not interested in shifting from handmade goods
preferred to import rather than manufacture goods
feared they couldn't compete with British manufacturing
99
General Tumseh Sherman is most remembered for his
rejection of the concept of total war
capture of North Carolina
march to the sea
well-disciplined troops
100
All of the following are true about early slaves EXCEPT
slave imports continued to out number American born slaves
some early slaves were able to buy their freedom
slaves initially worked on small, isolated farms
early slaves are primarily men
101
All are true statements about the what the anti-federalists believed EXCEPT
opposed adding a Bill of Rights to the Constitution
their postiton was challenged in articles by Hamilton
Constitution was written by wealthy to protect themselves
opposed strong central government
102
Which did NOT influence the decision to annex Texas to the US in 1845?
fear that Texas's continued independence made US vulnerable
Whig campainging(1844) on the promise of annexing Texas
increasing British interest in Texas
belief that Mexico wouldn't be able to reclaim Texas
103
What does "No taxation without representation" mean?
that the colonists would accept virtual representation in fiscal matters
only colonial legislatures could tax the colonies
104
Why did the colonial army invade and seek to conquer Canada in 1775?
hoped to add Canada as a fourteenth colony
wanted to establish Canada as a military base of operations
thought the British soldiers were most vulnerable there
hoped to secure France's support for the colonial cause
105
The Mayflower Compact is significant because it
was the first constitution in the colonies
guaranteed religious freedom to all settlers
guaranteed each settler 50 acres of land
was a step toward colonial self-government
106
The American and French Revolution shared which in common?
massive bloodshed and violence
enduring results
enlightenment ideas
powerful church and aristocracy to overthrow
107
Who were the Californios?
descendants of Spaniards&Mexicans that once ruled the region
Mexican prisoners released from jain and sent to settle CA
original inhabitants of the land later called California
Christian missionaries converting Indians along the Pacific
108
What was the most decisive factor that helped Jefferson win the 1800 presidential election?
electoral votes from New York
Alien and Sedition Acts
Three-Fifths Compromise
support from agrarian interests
109
The Albany Congress failed in an attempt to establish colonial home rule because
colonists were unwilling to fund the venture
colonists felt it did not offer enough independence
not all colonies sent representatives to Albany
British authorities deemed such efforts illegal
110
The aftermath of the Revolution triggered all social changes EXCEPT
efforts to abolish slavery began in the North
trade and labor organizations were founded and grew
inheritance laws were redone so the oldest son got property
property requirements for voting were eliminated
111
In the early 18th century, the Puritan religion declined for all reasons EXCEPT
liberal challenges to older ideas about salvation
increased tithing of church memebers
decreased interest in complicated doctrines and long sermons
disapproval of efforts to loosen membership requirements
112
The struggling Virginia economy was untimately saved by
the development of tobacco
influx of new settlers
slave trade
rice cultivation
113
What move made the US most fearful of new colonization in its territories in the 1820s?
Russian expansion beyond Alaska
Britain's encroachment of Newfoundland fishing regions
Spanish presence in Florida
British expansion into Oregon
114
What was the major spark that triggered the New York draft riots in 1863?
the use of bounty brokers to staff the army
white men's anger at fighting a war over slavery
provison allowing the rich to hire a substitute when drafted
the beginning of mandatory conscription
115
Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams are considered heroes for all EXCEPT
questioned colonial customs and practices
challenged Puritan orthodoxy
exiled for their beliefs
founded successful colonies elsewhere
116
Which did NOT influence the dramatic rise of England's colonization efforts in the 1600s?
peace between Britain and Spain
population growth in England
English land shortages
promised rewards for explorers from the crown
117
Which CANNOT be said about the Louisiana Purchase?
its 828,000 miles cost $10 million
required a constitutional ammendment to purchase it
set precedents for further expanison
made US isolationism possible
118
In his efforts to retain the border states within the Union, Lincoln focused his efforts on
Kentucky
Delaware
West Virginia
Maryland
119
Which is NOT a true statement about free blacks in antebellum America?
some purchased their freedom by working after hours
they shared the same voting rightsas white men everywhere
some owned slaves and property
southern freedmen were at risk of being captured
120
Which did NOT lead to the US acquisition of Florida from Spain?
revolutions in Central and South America
treaty in which US agreed to cede Texas in exchange for FL
America's offer to purchase the state from Spain for $5 mil
raids by Andrew Jackson
121
Which is NOT why Lincoln said that he was not fighting a war to free the slaves?
his main objective was keeping the Union together
he feared he would upst other aallied states
he didn't want to alienate border states vital to his cause
members of his family were slaveholders on the South's side
122
The "Era of Good Feelings" refers to
America's economic boom in postwar years
presidency of James Monroe
end of sectional tensions
the exuberance Americans felt in the years after the war
123
Why was the Gadsden Purchase such a contentious issue?
it furthered southern designs for locating a trans-continental railroad there
sparked a debate about the process for admitting new state
the $5mil purchase price was outrageously high
124
Which did NOT play a role in stimulating US economic growth and its connections to the world?
Pony Express
market revolution
rise of railroads
development of canals
125
The US gov't grappled with the uncomfortable question of slavery in all legal measures EXCEPT
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Compromise of 1850
Missouri Compromise of 1820
Nonimportation Act of 1807
126
In the early 18th century, the Puritan religion declined for all reasons EXCEPT
liberal challenges to older ideas about salvation
heightened support for Arminian assumptions about free will
increased tithing of church members
decreased interest in its complicated doctrines and sermons
127
Lincoln feared all possible outcomes if secession were to go unchecked EXCEPT that it would
mean splitting federally owned territories
inhibit industrial employment
lead to increased numbers of fugitive slaves
entice Europe so possibly seize American territories
128
What was the major significance of the spoils system, as employed by Andrew Jackson?
led to the frst case of embezzlement against the governemnt
enabled him to revitalize federal government
became an important tool of the emerging two party system
paved th eway for him to expand to presidential powers
129
Separatists were Puritans who broke away because they
disliked that all English subjects were church members
were unhappy with the abandonment of Catholic rituals
saw new opportunities to begin a church in the New World
though the Church of England had become corrupt
130
Which was the most serious hardship encountered by soldiers on both sides of the War?
disease
lack of discipline
food shortages
uniform shortages
131
Which did NOT contribute to the declining opprotunities for social mobility in America?
rising number of convicts sent to the colonies
the impact of the wars of the 1690s and 1700s
the emergence of a wealthy merchant class
the growth of slavery in the Chesapeake
132
The major significance of the Lincoln-Douglas Debate in 1858 was that it
led to passage of the Freemont Doctrine
first time 2 presidential candidates held a public debate
helped Lincolnrise in the political arena while Douglas fell
led to Lincoln's victory in the Illinois senate race
133
Why were the Articles of the Confederation replaced with the US Constitution?
they required a unanimous vote of all states to ammend them
they gave each state only one vote in Congress
they prevented Congress from making treaties
gave Congress no power to regulate commerce or force taxes
134
What was the Treaty of Fort Stanwix?
deal between Spain and France (latter gained Gibraltar)
agreement between Britain and Iroquois against the US
peace treaty that ended the Revolution
first treaty between the US and an Indian nation
135
The Alien and Sedition Acts were intended to accomplish all EXCEPT
raise residency requirements for citizenship
grant the president the right to deport foreigners
target immigrant voters
silence critics of the government
136
What was the most significant role of the committees of correspondence?
letter-writing campaign to fortify colonial resistance to British policies
Empty choice
137
The "loose construction" interpretation of the Constitution refers to the notion that
all powers not expressly given to the central gov't go to states
judiciary branch should be the final voice in passing laws
central gov't can take measures not prohibited by the Constitution
138
The reformer Dorthea Dix is best known for
educational reform
temperance
abolition
championing the mentallty ill
139
Which battle proved to be General Grant's greatest showing in the war?
Gettysburg
Vicksburg
Port Hudson
Fort Donelson
140
What was the main reason that Jefferson reduced the size of the millitary?
wanted to balance the budget
feared being pulled into European conflict
wanted the US to be an example to the rest of the world
believed that militaries could not be trusted
141
What is being described by the term "American system?"
three-tiered program to promote America's home markets
implementation of tariffs to protect American industry
revitalization of fiscal policy under the Bank of the US
campaign to develop and bring democracy to the west
142
Why is the Marbury vs. Madison case significant?
Empty choice
reinforced the importance of the Constitution
143
In the 1830s, America's relationship with Britain was marked by all EXCEPT
a series of compromises
ongoing boundary disputes
being constantly on the brink of war
tension over tariffs
144
Jefferson considered his election in 1800 a "revolution" because
he won by a landslide
it represented a rejection of states' rights advocates
it marked a return of the values from 1776
it proved that American democracy worked
145
What decision did Champlain make that had negative consequences for France's New World conquest
drove English settlers out of the region
befriended the Iroquois
befriended the Huron Indians
established Quebec as the capital of New France
146
Wich is NOT true about the election of Lincoln in 1860?
he was no the 1st choice Republican party candidate
he was a majority president
his election was due to northern voters
he was not the abolitionist the South thought him to be
147
How did British leader William Pitt earn the nickname "Organizer for Victory?"
trained colonists for military service
forced France to hand over its southern territories to Spain
relied of the experience of older generals to lead
shifted failing British military method to Montreal & Quebec
148
What was the greatest difference between the Federalists and Democrats?
Federalists-lived along Atlantic/Democrats-rural regions
Democrats-elite should lead/Federalists-embraced the masses
Democrats-slaveowners/Federalists-opposed to slavery
Federalists-strong government/Democrats-states' rights
149
The Trail of Tears is best described as
forced march of 5 tribes from their homelands to the West
promise by gov't to make prement Indian homeland in the west
the 7 year Seminole guerrilla warfare in Florida
bloody Indian resistance in the Black Hawk War
150
Which was NOT a principal motivation for French exploration of territory beyond New France?
seeking new beaver supplies
difficulties with local native populations
converting Indians to Christianity
keeping British settlers from moving into the Ohio Valley
151
The main labor source for the developmenet of plantation colonies in Virginia and Maryland was
prisoners
families who settled the area
indentured servants
slaves from Africa
152
How did Frederick Douglass and William L. Garrison differ in their strategy for ending slavery?
Garrison-impassioned speeches/Douglass-prone to theatrics
Garrison-violent overthrow of slavery/Douglass-peaceful
Garrison-appealed to reason/Douglass-incendiary speeches
Garrison-renounced political remedies/Douglass-embraced them
153
Who were the Californios?
Christian missionaries who converted Indians along the Pacific
original inhabitants of the land later called California
descendants of Spanish and Mexican conquerers that once ruled the region
154
The doctrine of popular sovreignty is best described as
Congress can decide slavery before admitting a new state
notion that government is subject to the will of the people
placing power of the gov't above that of the states
giving people of a new state the choice of slavery or not
155
Which was NOT one of Jackson's reasons for vetoing the bill to recharter the Bank of the US?
he wanted to win wealthy voters from the North and East
he hated monopolies
he considered it to be unconstitutional
he felt that the bank had too much control over the economy
156
Which does NOT describe the Hartford Convention of 1814?
strengthened the position of the Federalist party
included the threat of secession by northern states
sought to remove the Three-Fifths Compromise
sought a 2/3 vote in Congress
157
Which was NOT a reason for the founding of Georgia?
become a stronghold for the slave trade
privide a second chance for debt prisoners
produce silk and wine there
serve as an outpost for missionaries
158
In the early 18th century, the Puritan religion declined for all reasons EXCEPT
disapproval of efforts to loosen membersip requirements
increased tithing of church members
decreased interest in complicated doctrines and long sermons
liberal challenges to older ideas about salvation
159
President Buchanan didn't move to block southern states from seceding mainly because
was a pacifist and didn't want to use force
didn't believe states could secede
soudifered the move a bluff
hoped not to negotiate wa peace with the South
160
In the simplest terms, the Nullification Crisis that began with South Carolina describes
the state's attempt to clock the passage of the Tariff
South Carolinas effort declaire the tariff void in boarder
efforts to remove the most hated section of the tariff
the first time the South threatened to secede
161
What were freedom dues?
farm land and given to former indentured servants
the cost of passage for anyone moving to the colonies
fees paid by former indentured servants to start a new life
agreement to work 7 years for passage to the colonies
162
The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 was hated in the north for all reasons EXCEPT
northerners who helped slaves esape could receivr hjain time
northerners could be required to help recapture runaways
it denied slaves the righ to testify on their own behalf
south could require compensation for unfoundslaves
163
What was the Olive Branch Petition?
German soldiers shifting their sympathy to America
Britain's attempt to end the war with the colonies
an agreement between Britain and Indians to remain neutral
a last-ditch effort to urge King George to end the hostility
164
Why did Aaron Burr challenge Hamilton to a duel in 1804?
Hamilton encouraged Jefferson to drop Burr from his cabinet
Hamilton accused Burr of corruption while in office
Burr discovered Hamilton had tried to provoke war w/ France
Hamilton revealed Burr's plan to push NY and N Eng to secede
165
The push behind the discussions about building a transcontinental railroad in the 1800s was the
need to boost the southern economy
goal of connecting Pacific territories w/ the rest of nation
goal of stimluating midwestern development
desire for new markets for northern manufactured goods
166
Economically, most Americans after the Revolution were
still heavily importing British goods
worse off than they were before the war
rapidly shifting from farming to manufacturing
much better off than they had been before the war
167
Why did Hamilton want the government to assume state debts accumulated during the Revolution?
shift wealthy creditors' obligations from state to gov't
hoped to end the practice of spectulating
wanted to put the new republic on solid fanancial ground
supported fiscal policies that aided the masses
168
What is the significance of Washington crossing the Delaware and surpassing the Hessians?
he was able to pick up recruits and expand his army
enabled Patriots to keep NEng from being attacked by British
it was the Patriot's first victory
it was a turning point in the Revolution
169
Despite the constant threat of smallpox, American colonists resisted inoculation because
several prominent citizens had survived the disease
vaccines were rare and untested
doctors were poorly trained
ministers regarded inoculation as tampering with God's will
170
Jefferson's strategy to get England and France to honor US neutrality failed for all EXCEPT
did ot calculate the mass protests by American citizens
did not consider the difficulty of enforcing embargo at home
overestimated the importance of American goods overseas
underestimated British resistance and determination
171
Which is NOT a true statement about the Second Great Awakening?
it drew new converts from massive camp or revival meetings
it inspired several reform movements
it widened existing class and regional divisions
it had great appeal to men
172
Why did Irish immigrants embrace machine politics in the cities where they settled?
Empty choice
the machines offered much needed cash in exchange for votes
173
Americans were angered by the XYZ Affair with France because
French diplomatic minister sent American ambassadors home
French officials arrested John Marshall
they likened it to a bribe rather than to diplomacy
France refused to compensate American merchants
174
What event halted idealistic discussions in the early republic about the end of slavery?
congressional gag order
War of 1812
invention of the cotton gin
explosion of tobacco as an export crop
175
The South's greatest weakness in the conflict was
poor military leadership
its minimal control of the seas
its lack of arms and weaponry
its economy
176
The Iroquois became powerful in the 1500s and 1600s by
relying on a strong patrillineal social structure
building strong relations with colonists
merging with other branches and tribes
developing a strong trade networl with European settlers
177
The doctrine of popular sovreignty is best described as
allowing Congress to decide the issue of slavery ot admitting a new state
placing power of the gov't above that of the states
giving the people of a territoryto right to decide slavery or not
notion that government is subject to the will of the people
178
What was the significance of Seneca Falls in 1848?
the birth of the Industrial Revolution
the advent of the women's rights movement
the rise of the universal suffrage movement
the beginning of the abolotion movement
179
Which argument was NOT part of the Compromise of 1850?
slavery was abolished in the District of Columbia
CA was admitted as a free state
a more severe fugitive slave law was enacted
NM & UT got to decide the issue of slavery independently
180
Settlement of the French colonies in New Canada grew slowly until 1750 for all reasons EXCEPT
comsumer demand for New France's main export dropped off
government focused on developing in Caribean colonies
Canada's cold, snowy climate presented a difficult challenge
Huguenots were prohibited from immigrating French colonies
181
The Underground Railroad is best defined as
secret network of slaveowners
black markt for trade goods to circumvent tariffs
safe places for runaway slaves on their journey to freedom
businessmen seeking monopoly control over the railroad
182
Why is the exhange at Fort Sumit was where SC officially secededter so important?
it is considered the start of the Civil War
it was the first southern victory in the war
it was where SC officially seceded
it marked an act of Southern
183
What distinguished William Henry Harrison's presidency?
it was undermined by venemous Whig party politics
it was plagued by tension between te west and Indians
it was marked by hard drinking
it was the shortest on record
184
What was the Columbian exchange?
the transfer of plants, animals, culture, and diseases
trade network Columbus established with Native Americans
dieases Europeans brough to America
development of sugar plantations in the Caribean
185
What was the most significant role of the committees of correspondence?
writing broadsides
seeking every colony's participation in the first Congress
letter-writing to fortify resistance to British policies
encouraging women's participation in boycotts and rebellions
186
The first European explorers reached that would become the Americas
at least 600 years ago
more than 500 years ago
more than 300 years ago
about 400 years ago
187
All of these pused new settlers towar the West EXCEPT
rapid development of transportation networks
nonslaveholding southerners seeking land and social status
promises of free government land
soil depletion in tobacco country
188
What was the Wilderness Campaign?
Grant's combat strategy focusing on man-to-man confrontation
Lee's effort o turn the tide of tohe war in South's favor
Grant's strategy to focus on French warfare
series of battles culminating in the fighting of Gettysburg
189
The first national financial crisis, the panic of 1819, was caused by
mortgage crisis
surplus production of American-made goods
overspectulation of western lands
massive federal wartime debt
190
The primary cause of the panic of 1837 was
excessive government tariffs and subsidies
the bank crisis
the Specie Circular
widespread cpectulation and get-rich-quick schemes
191
The early Puritans in New England lived
not more than two years in the harsh New England climite
barly past the age of 50
almost as long as Americans today
a few years longer than their counterparts in England
192
The purpose of the slave codes was to
prevent masters from excessive discipline or abuse of slaves
regulate the slave trade
limit the rights and behavior of the Negro slaves
legalize slavery in the colonies
193
What was the greatest difference between the Federalists and Democrats?
Democrats-elite should lead/Federalists-embraced the masses
Federalists-lived along Atlantic/Democrats-rural regions
Federalists-strong government/Democrats-states' rights
Democrats-slaveowners/Federalists-opposed to slavery
194
Despite poor working conditions, there were only 24 strikes before 1835. Why?
workers were often poor and couldn't leave their jobs
it was against the law for workers to organize
workers distrusted group activism
many workers were children
195
How did John Brown best serve the antislavery cause?
through his execution
through his support of Kansas as a free state
through his violent raid at Harpers Ferry
through his efforts to arm slaves an in a rebellion
196
ich is NOT part of the Union military strategy against the Sotuh?
capture the Mississippi
seize Richmind
blockade southern seacoasts
grind Confederacy to dust by sending troops through MD&VA
197
How was the question of the Oregon boundary resolved between the US and Britain?
Polk pushed his campaign promise until Britain agreed
they agreed to continue jointly occupying the region
US threatened war w/ Eng at settling at the Columbia River
Britain settled for the proposed line of 49
198
In the D of I, Jefferson listed all reasons for severing ties with England EXCEPT
eliminating trial by jury
imposing taxes without consent
granting religious tolerance to Roman Catholics and others
cutting off trade
199
Why was President Lincoln nicknamed "Honest Abe"?
he offered simple, humble statements
he emerged from humble circumstances
he worked hard, earned an education
declined cases that went against his conscience
200
The US and New Grenada (Columbia) signed the vital treaty tin 1848 that
broke ground on what would become the Panama Canal
united the 2 countries against incursions into Central Am.
gave the US the right ot travel across the isthmus
welcomed US expansion into central America
201
Encouraged by the Russian tsar, the 1814 Treaty of Ghent
gave part of Maine to Britain
ended the fighting and restored the territories
granted Britain a neutralized buffer zone in the Great Lakes
demonstrated America's decisive victory against the British
202
Intercolonial disunity that prevailed during the French and Indian War was caused by all EXCEPT
differences about the continuation of slavery
prevalence of conflicting regions
class tensions
varied nationalities
203
The Acts of Toleration granted Marylanders
freedom from Christian worship
protection from hostile Indians
the right to self-government
legal sanction for importing African slaves
204
What were freedom dues?
fees paid by former criminals to start a new life
cost of passage for anyone moving from England to colonies
agreement to work 7 years for passage into colonies
farm implements, clothes, and land given to former servants
205
Which was NOT offered as a defense of slavery?
slavery provided blacks with minimal education
it was a positive good, supported by the Bible
slaves were treated as family members
it was good for Africans, who were inferior people
206
The battle at Antietam is a decisive moment in the civil War for all reasons EXCEPT
it changed the character and goals of the war
it marked the advent of ironclad ships
McClellan's success was based on discovering Lee's plans
gave Lincoln confidence to write Emanciption Poclamation
207
New Eng was well suited to becoming an industrial center for all EXCEPT
it was hardest hit by the lack of imported goods
its fast-growing rivers provided the perfect power source
its seaports made importing and exporting goods easier
its land was too rocky and difficult to farm
208
Which was NOT a reason for revising the Articles of Confederation?
gaining better control over commerce
safe guarding the Union from uprisings
protecting existing institutions, including slavery
strengthening the central government
209
What was the main difference between the Whigs and Democrats?
Democrats-wealthier/Whigs-more mainstream
Democrats-state's rights/Whigs-federal involvement
Democrats-focused on common good/Whigs-individual freedom
Democrats-from the North & old West/Whigs-south & new west
210
What was the Middle Passage?
cost of transporting slaves to the New World
slave ships bound to the middle colonies
transatlantic journey that brought slaves to America
middle part of a ship in which slaves were transported in
211
What prompted loyal Whigs to denounce their leader, President Tyler, as "His Accidency?"
favored federal funding of internal improvements
disliked protective tariffs
supported states' rights over a nationalist agenda
oppposed the national bank
212
The Texas Revolution an independence posed a thorny issue for the US because
the US gov't lent money and munitions to support the rebels
almost all of the revolutionaries were Americans
Texans sought annexation by the US
it fueled a battle between Spain and Mexico
213
How did New England settlers' ideas about land differ from those of Indians they encountered?
English believed in staying in 1 place til the soil depleted
NE colonists built their economy around staple crops
Indians did not believe that land could be privately owned
ndians used it for farming / English used it for livestock
214
Which was the surest path to quick wealth in 18th century America?
commerce and land speculation
tobacco farming
wheat cultivation
buying and selling slaves
215
By 1860 nearly 3/4 of all white southerners
owned slaves
were connected to the plantation system
owned no slaves
cultivated cotton
216
What was the result of the slave uprising abroad the Amistad in 1839?
slaves who rebelled were sentenced to death
slave rebels won their freedom in court
slaves commanded the ship and returned to Africa
it led to the passage of slave codes in the South
217
Why did tea become the focus of protests against policies that ended with the Boston Tea Party?
tea was England's leading export
colonists could easily go without tea
tea touched the lives of colonists from every social class
price of tea had skyrocketed
218
Which was NOT among the many utopian communities that sprang up in the 19th century?
Brook Farm
Shakers
Quakers
Oneida
219
Why was there a lag in founding women's colleges and other institutions until after the 1820s?
feared that education would make women unfit for marriage
lack of funds
educating women was against religious principles
secondary education for women was against the law
220
US-British tension over the Maine-Canada boundary was settled in 1842 by
granting the entire area in question to the British
adjusting Canada's border so the US gained 500 square miles
dividing the area equally between the two nations
granting the entire area in question to the Americans
221
The "loose construction" interpretation of the Constitution refers to the notion that
judiciary branch should be the final voice in passing laws
central gov't can only act as defined by the Constitution
gov't can take measures not prohibited by the Constitution
all powers not given to the central gov't go to states
222
Which didn't influence Americans' attitudes about rights and nature of government by 1750?
they universally embraced religious toleration
property ownership was more easily accessible in colonies
aristocracy common in Britain never took hold in colonies
colonists became accustomed to running things themselves
223
The Emancipation Proclamation of 1863
was a symbolic statement of justice
freed all slaves throughout the US
officially and permanently ended slavery
freed slaves in Confederate and border states
224
John Adams was largly an unpopular president for all of the following EXCEPT that he
sought to curb land speculation in the West
supported federal construction of roada and universitys
was seen as have stolen the election in 1812
replaced existing officeholders with his political supporter
225
What makes the Virginia Company charter such a significant documant in American history?
it was a predecessor to the modern corporation
it outlined the goals and rules of the new colony
guaranteed Jamestown colonists rights equal to Englishmen
it sought a new and shorter trade route to the Orient
226
Why did Irish immigrants embrace machine politics in the cities where they settled?
machines aided newcomers with coal, food, and legal advice
Irish were unaccustomed to politics
machines offered much needed cash in exchange for votes
they pledged to fight anti-Irish prejudice and bigotry
227
The largest segment of white Virginians
indentured servants
small farms
landless white
plantation farmers
228
The battle of Saratoga proved important to the American cause because
boosted morale of the Patriots
encouraged France to provide military aid
British General Burgoyne died in combat
Britain surrendered and the Revolution was won
229
After the arrival of Europeans, which did NOT have a negative impact on Indian cultural life?
disease
intermarriage
land
trade
230
Which was NOT among America's goals for revolutionizing international affairs after the war?
forging military alliances
ending mercantilism
ending colonization
promoting free trade
231
Why did the Separatists who fled London for Holland eventually settle in the New World?
feared "Dutchification" of their children
wanted to practice their religion as English citizens
envisioned financial opprotunity through the VA Company
they were impressed by rumor of riches in English colonies
232
The Constitution drafted in 1787 contained all compromises securing its final passage EXCEPT
counting slaves as three-fifths persons
a president elected by the people
a strong central government
closing the slave trade by 1807
233
The 1863 Battle of Gettysburg
ended the Civil War
was a decisive win for the South
was considered the "high tide of the confederacy"
marked Ulysses S. Grant's first Union victory
234
What was the Cherokee strategy for dealng with white enroachment?
violent resistance
intermarriage with white settlers
accommodation
voluntary relocation
235
Reformers blamed alcohol consumption for all EXCEPT
degradation of the family
corruption of women
disruption of American society in immigration
decrease in church participation
236
Who was nicknamed "the father of the Constitution?"
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Paine
Alexander Hamilton
George Washington
237
Why did Aaron Burr challenge Hamilton to a duel in 1804?
Burr discovered Hamilton tried to provoke war with France
Hamilton encouraged Jefferson to trop Burr from his cabinet
Hamilton accused Burr of corruption while in office
Hamilton revealed Burr's plan to entice NY&New Eng to secede
238
In his book about his tour through America, Alexis de Tocqueville was impressed mostly by
the rough characyer of President Andrew
Americas emerging industrialization
the persistiance od slavory
the general quality of the American people
239
From a domestic standpoint, which was NOT a product of the war with Mexico?
significant loss of life and a weakenin gof the US army
pushing slavery debae into the foreground
weakening the US relations with Latin America
increasing the size of the US by 1/3
240
Which was NOT among the many responses to Jay's Treaty with Britain in 1794?
surge in President Washington's popularity
increased interest by Spain in a treaty for its own with US
mob riots and demonstrations
outrage by southerners, Jeffersonians, and French
241
Whch did NOT drive the European exploration that led to the discovery of the new world?
desire to expand their empires and power
spreading christianity
the quest for a cheaper route to the East
population surges and land shortages
242
What did John Winthrop mean by "We shall be as a city upon a hill"?
envisioned the MA Bay Colony as the most successful colony
describing Boston as the seat of English colonial government
hoped the colony was a holy society and example to everyone
wanted the colony to provide public education
243
The Boston Massacre describes
Empty choice
standoff between colonists and redcoats resulting in 11 Bostonian deaths
244
All of the following are true about Scots-Irish immigrants to Pennsylvania EXCEPT
they were not actually of Irish descent
they were the first to settle the American west
they were tolerant of local indians
they brought with them the know-how for whiskey distilling
245
What is the significance of Washington crossing the Delaware and surpassing the Hessians?
he was able to pick up recruits and expand his army
it was the Patriot's first victory
it was a turning point in the Revolution
it enabled the Patriots to keep New England from being attacked and isolated by the British
246
Britain's relationship with its colonies was based on merantilism, the theory that
Britain had the right to tax and regulate the colonies
wealth=power/colonies are used to enrich its mother country
colonies should develop independent trade
commerce should be allowed to develop
247
What was responsible for the death of so many Jamestown settlers in the early years?
crop devastation
homesickness
attacks by Indians
starvation
248
Which statement is NOT true about the CA gold rush of 1849?
fueled lawlessness in the CA territory
made many "forty-niners" rich
led Californians to seek rapid admission as a state
reignited the slavery debate
249
What does the term "republican motherhood" mean?
women are shapers of the future citizens
new opprotunities for women as educators
justification for giving women voting rights
women are vital supporters of the revolutionary cause
250
Which was NOT part of the Supreme Court's ruling in the Dred Scott case?
north states could be accountable for not returning slaves
the Compromise of 1820 was never constitutional
a slave could be taken into any state and remain a slave
as a slave, Scott could not sure federal courts
251
How did George Washington start the global war in 1754 (aka the Seven Years War)?
sent an insulting letter to French leaders in Ohio territory
he recklessly attacked French forces without a battle plan
his men killed a French leader on the outskirts of Fort D.
he claimed territory where France built Fort Duquesne
252
Who were the Free-Soilers?
abolitionist party seeking immediate end of slavery
political group in the South embraced slavery in territories
political group supporting the rights of squinters
political party supporting banning slavery in territories
253
Which could not be said about Loyalists?
majority were African American current and former slaves
included new immigrants who resented the plantation elite
they were wealthy elites
believed that no army could surpass the British military
254
What does "No taxation without representation" mean?
Empty choice
only colonial legislatures could tax the colonies
255
All are true statements about Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel EXCEPT
Stowe claimed that God wrote the book
it helped spark the Civil War
it was inspired by the passage of the Fugitative Slave Act
relied on Stowe's personal experience & knowledge of slavery
256
The #1 reason the North did NOT embrace abolitionism or support it until the 1850s was that
northerners disliked the tactics used by abolitionists
northern economy was tightly bound to that of the south
they considered slavery a matter for states to decide
territorial expanision had not yet become a major concern
257
What were blue laws?
tariffs placed on certain imported goods
legal codes that regulated who could vote
laws that guided how big a tract of land a person could get
codes that regulated acceptable social behavior
258
Which does NOT describe the Hartford Convention of 1814?
sought a 2/3 vote in Congress for embargoes and new states
sought to remove the Three-Fifths Compromise
included the threat of secession by northern states
strengthened the position of the Federalist party
259
Slaves worked to undermine their masters and ragain some margin of autonomy in all ways EXCEPT
sabotaging equipment
destroying homes and crops
slowing down the pace of their work
taking food from their masters' kitchens and farms
260
All of the following about the witchcraft hysteria and trials in Salem are true EXCEPT
20 people and 2 dogs were exicuted as witches
property owning women were often targets
hysteria was driven by growing social and religious tension
those accused of witchcraft were never exonerated
261
How did the slaves adapt the christian religion to make it their own?
they murged African gods with the christian God
conducted services in their native languages
rejected the notion of heaven
they infused their worsip with singing and dancing
262
Who founded the Mormon religion?
Charles Finney
Peter Cartwright
Joseph Smith
Brigham Young
263
Who was the first to propose that the colonies become completely independent?
Thomas Paine
Thomas Jefferson
John Adams
Samuel Adams
264
Early college education in New England was designed to
educate future leaders
create an enlightened citizenry
teach boys to read and write
prepare young men to become ministers
265
What made the Ostend Manifesto so controversial?
it had the backing of Spain, France, and Spain
secret plan by the US to buy or take Cuba
represented an attempt at US expansion into Asian territory
showed northern interest in blocking gaining slave territory
266
The First Continental Congress in 1774 principally to
outline a new national government for the future USA
strategize ways to redress colonial grievances
organize a colonial army
declare the colonies' independence from Britain
267
The American Revolution is most accurately described as
war that reached far into even the most isolated communities
violent overthrow of the existing political framework
a total upheval of colonial society
more of an evolution than a revolution
268
What did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 do?
called for the sale of western lands to cover national debt
placed the west under authority of the federal government
banned slavery in the Old Northwest
detailed how western lands would be divided into towns
269
In what ways did mercantilism benefit the colonists?
Britain provided subsidies for surplus crops
it stimulated American wool manufacturing
270
Which best describes Shay's Rebellion?
battle over the boarder between Vermont and British Canada
protest of debt-ridden farmers who lost land to foreclosures
uprising between backcountry men, merchants, and Indians
conflict over heavy taxes on farm products
271
What did the South count on most in its bid to win the Civil War?
foreign intervention
its military leadership
world demand for its cotton crops
stength of its army
272
New Netherland finally became the English colony New York as a result of
battle of the English against Dutch forces in New Amsterdam
increased English immigration and settlement in the region
sale of the colony of England by the DWIA
mismanagement of the Dutch West India Company(DWIA)
273
What does "a natural aristocracy of talent" mean?
only men of noble birth should lead
only the best educated and socially situated men should lead
republican forms of government should replace monarchies
through hard work, anyone could get ahead
274
Republican and Whig ideas embraced by English colonists in the 18th century included all BUT
citizens should put public good ahead of their self interest
power should be centralized within the monarchy
hierarchail government breed corruption
functioning society is based on the virtue of citizenry
275
All of the following were tenets of Calvinism EXCEPT
by doing good deeds, you can earn a place in heaven
human beings were weak and prone to sin
it was predetermined which souls would go to heaven
God is all-knowing and all-powerful
276
Which of these protests against the Stamp Act was most effective in securing its repeal?
petitions to Parliament
The Stamp Act Congress of 1765
nonimportation agreements
violoent protests
277
Bacon's Rebellion was triggered by
land shortages and Indian policies
a severe depression in the 17th century
government mismanagement
new and heavy taxes in the backcountry
278
What was the most important qualification for voting in the MA Bay Colony?
taxpaying status
male status
church membership
land ownership
279
All are true about soldiers on both sides of the Civil War EXCEPT
south soldiers had problems adjusting to military authority
nothern soldiers tended to no be natural fighters
north troops were concerned with defending hearth and home
southern soldiers had the advantage of fighting
280
As embraced by many of the founding fathers, Deism
was rooted in strict adherence to the Bible
celebrated God's hand in the daily workings of the world
embraced original sin and Christ's divinity
stressed that God created the world&trusted humans to run it
281
The transcendentalist movement of the 1830s
celebrated the power of the individual spirit
argued that laws and gov't were the key to social order
believed that humans attain knowledge through the 5 senses
put the greater good ahead of individual's needs
282
Slave codes had all of the following qualities EXCEPT
made all slaves the property of their owner for life
first implemented in the Carolinas
differentiated slaves from servants along racial lines
made it illegal to teach a slave to read or write
283
Narner's rebellion produced all results EXCEPT that it
breathed life into the abolitionist movement in the south
fueled the passage of strict slave codes
made white slaveholders more fearful of slaves
halted discussions about ending slavery in Southern states
284
Before the war ended, initial attempts for a negotiated peace broke down because
southerners reviled Lincoln
the South wanted to retain its independence
Union insisted the South bear entire cost of the war
Lincoln was assassinated
285
The biggest challenge Confederate president Jefferson Davis faced was
his lack of popularity
balancing his roles as military and political leader
ongoing tension between states' rights and a unified gov't
creating a currency for
286
What is meant by the term corrupt bargain in reference to the 1824 presidential election?
elimintion of the fourth placed candiate by the house of rep
Andrew Jackson trying to bribe men vote for his candidate
president selected by H of R not popular vote
deal w/ John Adams and Henry Clay ensure Adams as president
287
Forced separations of loved ones happened most frequently on
small plantations in the deep South
large plantations in the upper South
large plantations in the deep South
small plantations in the upper South