FOUNDATIONS OF TRANSLATION

Specialized Tt requires subject matter knowledge & experts to translate the content (Medical, Legal, etc.).

who are the Translation development, main exponents?

Software Tt does not apply computer IT (Ample Language Pairs, Premium File Translation Tool, Translation Editing Tools)?

Idiomatic Tm prefers colloquialisms & idioms which do not exist in the original. It's an S-by-S TM.

A translation technique is not a specialized system to convey a ST to a TT.

At the semantic level, a discrepancy between the signs of ST and their respective concepts may be errors in the sense

These are the oldest historical data owen on translation...

Does Commercial Tt denote all translation carried out in the world of business (Marketing, Sales, Publicity, etc.)?

At age of communication booming, Translation is a growing discipline required for a very global human being

Literary, Adaptation, Communicative Tm are not examples of the Free TM (S-by-S TM)

HOW MANY METHODS OF TRANSLATION ARE THERE?

SWORN Tt or Certified Tt does not use his/her signature to authenticate official translations requiring legal validation

Distortion, Inaccuracies, Ambiguities &. Normative-linguistic and normative-speech errors may not be Terminology errors

According to Shevnin 2010, Erratology is at all the theory or science of errors in translation

Adaptation in Tm, the freest form of translation, holds themes, plots, characters. SL culture-TL culture. S-by-S TM

Incorrect use of linguistic units, distortion of stylistic coloring of the ST are Literary & Consultation work errors

Does Commercial Tt denote all translation carried out in the world of business (Marketing, Sales, Publicity, etc.)?

What is a Sentence-By-Sentence Translation Method (S-by-S)

Sentence-by-Sentence is not considered a Literal Translation.

Does Scientific Tt deal with scientific documents: articles, theses, congress booklets, conference, study reports, etc?

Faithful Tm (ST precise, cultural, contextual meaning within the TL). It belongs to W-by-W TM

Technical Tt is not used for manuals, instructions leaflets, etc., documentation for engineering, IT, etc.

When did translation get its peak of importance?

Communicative Tm, freer than semantic Tm. Effectiveness of the message. Content & language are acceptable to the reader.

What is Word-By-Word Translation

Does Juridical Tt Juridical translation refer to legally-binding documentation (laws, regulations, sales&purchase, etc.?

A translation method is not a systematic procedure using techniques or modes of inquiry used by a particular discipline.

The Literal TM is the SL converted to the nearest equivalent in the TL. Words are translated singly & out of context.

A translation mode is a process to translate written materials where one or several techniques are applied.

The Free TM is not the S-by-S TM. It is not the matter w/o the manner of the ST, larger, prolix & pretentious

These are three main events on Translation History:

A Semantic Tm, not flexible as Faithful Tm. It naturalizes & focuses to achieve the aesthetic effect. It's an S-by-STM

Adaptation in Tm, the freest form of translation, holds themes, plots, characters. SL culture-TL culture. S-by-S TM

Word-by-Word (W-by-W) translation is considered a Free Translation.

Public Information Tt requires Specialized & HQ professionals to translate public documents (wills, contracts, etc.)

The basic translation requirement is the transfer of the original content. A failure to comply does not lead to an error

Incorrect transformation of whole judgments & complex logical constructions in SL may be phrase structure errors

Today, Translation is a forgotten discipline no one wants to use

Software Tt does not apply computer IT (Ample Language Pairs, Premium File Translation Tool, Translation Editing Tools)?

WHAT IS A GOOD TEXT TRANSLATION?

An error in translation is an unmotivated deviation distorting the functional situational content of the ST to TT.

The translation equivalently conveys an ST to a TT registers

Does the Literary Tt convey messages from novels, short stories, drama, poetry, imagery, metaphor, etc.?

When did translation get its peak of importance?

Birth Certificates, contracts, wills are not examples of a Literal Tm (W-by-W TM)

Paranormatives are errors of generation, the discrepancy between the genre and stylistic features of the translated text

Incorrect understanding of the meaning of the ST sign, the wrong choice of the TT sign are not problems in translation