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AP Human Geography Final Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Human Geography Final Exam Review
AP Human Geography Final Exam Review
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1
Which of these has contributed the most to Mexico's development over the past 20 years?
rise in the price of petroleum and gold
increase in American and international tourism
NAFTA and maquiladoras
increase in maize and other vegetable exports
2
Which of the following microloans would be most beneficial to women in the long-term?
loan to help a toy factory in Vietnam meet health standards
loan to help a textile factory in Bangladesh expand
loan to help start a rice farm in China that employs women
loan to build a k-12 school for girls in rural Pakistan
3
Which of the following in NOT a likely government response to an aging population?
raising the retirement age
increasing taxes to pay for pensions
providing jobs for people over 65 to get work
decreasing taxes on the workforce
4
a rectangular pop. pyramid tells you that the population of that country is -
growing slightly, but staying mostly steady
falling rapidly
growing rapidly
falling slightly, but mostly staying steady
5
The process in which wealthy people move into formerly poor neighborhoods is what process?
Gentrification
White flight
Block busting
Urbanization
6
all of the following are reasons govts. would make policies to restrict immigration EXCEPT
they perceive immigrants as a threat to culture
immigrants may force countries to experience brain drain
they fear immigrants will bring new diseases
they don't want immigrants to take already limited jobs
7
What happens in Stage 2 of the DTM?
CBR drops significantly, as crude death rate lags
total population growth stabilizes
CBR fand CDR change proportionally
CDR drops significantly, as crude birth rate lags
8
What are the laws enacted to combat suburban sprawl called?
Smart growth
Community Reinvestment Act
Urban renewal
Zoning ordinances
9
Which info would be useful in determining which stage a country would be in on the DTM?
GDP per capita
total fertility rate
literacy rate
infant mortality rate
10
This image represents
ethnic segregation
ethnic separatism
ethnic exclave
ethnic enclave
11
What might the USDA say about the size of farms in the United States today?
Farms in the US are fewer in number and bigger in size
total farmland in the US is decreasing
total farmland in the US is increasing
farms in the US are bigger and number of farms is increasing
12
Which of the descriptions most accurately captures the process of globalization?
spread of cultural homogeneity/loss of local distinctiveness
acceleration of interdependence across national borders
loss of interconnectedness between places
decline of communications technologies
13
Which is true of Rostow's take-off model of economic growth?
Countries in Stage 5 experience deindustrialization
Foreign investment is required for growth in Stage 2
Globalization will slow down growth of developing countries
External demand for raw material drives growth in Stage 4
14
____ encompasses the numerous goods and services that are a part of the agriculture business
Genetically modified organisms
Bioengineering
Agribusiness
Subsistence farming
15
The concept of outsourcing is becoming more important. All of these are characteristics EXCEPT
cheaper labor costs
typical practice of transnational corporations
typical examples are customer call centers
allows for 24 hour work day
16
Which of the following most accurately describes the Human Development Index (HDI)
composite of per capita income, infrastructure, corruption
composite of life expectancy, education, per capita income
composite of life expectancy, pollution, infrastructure
composite of per capita income, education, infrastructure
17
It is agreed that the current trend in voluntary migration is caused by
educational opportunities available on the internet
chain migration over international borders
increasing economic opportunities in urban areas
political instability in the neighboring countries
18
World Systems Theory- Core countries dominate the world today due to past
industrialization
colonization
urbanization
military power
19
To support a prosperous econ, places need rds, bldgs, power, sewage, water. These are exs of
Demographics
Ecumene
Infrastructure
Density
20
What language theory explains lang. from Caucasus around Caspian Sea into Iran, India & Europe
Agriculture Theory
Organic Theory
Greenberg's Hypothesis
Conquest Theory
21
According to classic bid-rent curve, what happens to land value as it gets closer to the city?
land gets more affordable along busy streets
land gets more affordable in the outer rings
land gets more expensive closer to the city
land gets used extensively for transportation services
22
One of the most important foundations a country needs is infrastructure. Which is NOT an ex.
churches and religious institutions
Education systems
Electric power grids
water and sewer systems
23
Which statement is the MOST accurate when describing universalizing religions?
They are practiced in many regions of the world
They have been practiced throughout human history
They are located in one specific place
They appeal to one specific group of people
24
Form of govt which exists when states have division of varying degrees of local control is
Unitary
Authoritarianism
Republic
Federalism
25
most noticeable geographic trend in the last 30 yrs regarding the world's most populated cities
Most of the top 20 cities are in LDCs
Most of the top 20 cities are in Africa
most of top 20 cities are in MDCs
larger percentage of top 20 cities are in Europe
26
Some believe a 5th phase should be added to DTM to reflect -
rapid growth of some countries in Africa and South Asia
impact of emigration on declining populations in LDCs
impact of immigration on growth of MDCs
declining population in some developed countries
27
According to Weber's model of industrial location, a steel mill would be typically located
next to a shipping port
next to an airport
in a city
next to raw materials
28
What term do geographers use to refer to place names?
Toponyms
Assimilation
Symbols
Acculturation
29
Demographic Transition Model uses 3 stats. when analyzing pop. trends: which one is NOT used
total population growth
birth rates
age - sex rations
death rates
30
Which of the following explains why as countries develop, fewer work in this economic sector
primary, because technology makes these jobs more efficient
tertiary, the need for services is greater in poor countries
secondary, developed countries send manufacturing overseas
primary, country's resources being used up as it develops
31
The practice of shifting cultivation would most likely be found where?
Afghanistan
United States
Germany
Peru
32
Which of the following is the MOST accurate definition of ethnicity?
group of people with common language
people with common cultural/nationalistic traditions
feeling of nationalism within a group of people
biological characteristics of a group of people
33
Which of the following can be used to measure the level of development of a country?
all of the above
Gross National Income
Literacy Rates
Life expectancy
34
Which is an example of hierarchical diffusion?
Influenza spreading throughout South America
The spread of ideas on the world wide web
Buddhist ideology spreading through the Indian subcontinent
Hip-hop spreading from inner cities to suburbs in the US
35
Which of the following is an underlying assumption of the Von Thunen Model of rural land use?
The city was completely surrounded by water
Farmers act under a profit-driven mindset
Arid climates dominated the outer rings
The soil quality changed for each ring
36
Forced sterilization, infanticide, and state sponsored contraceptives are all examples of
strict natalism
pro-natalism
liberal natalism
anti-natalism
37
An example of a weight reducing industry would be
Sailboats
Automobiles
Furniture
Copper
38
US immigration policy gives priority to immigrants w/ US family. That promotes
transnational migration
internal migration
chain migration
step migration
39
Which is NOT a characteristic of popular culture as defined by human geographers?
It includes traits that change often
It is widespread
It is media driven
It is typically found in remote regions
40
All of the following statements are criticisms of suburban sprawl in the US EXCEPT:
it is a tax burden from increased infrastructure costs
it reduces commute times
it contributes to the destruction of prime agricultural land
it creates higher energy costs
41
As textile manufacturers look to reduce costs, why would they be located in LDCs
factory close to raw materials
factory located near large market areas
factory located in areas with cheap transportation routes
factory located in an area with inexpensive labor cost
42
Drawing of internal political districts to benefit a political party
Blockbusting
Redlining
Gerrymandering
Stacked voting
43
The hearth of the Industrial Revolution was
China
United States
Northern England & Southern Scotland
India
44
Who developed Central Place Theory?
August Losch
Walt Rostow
Ernest Burgess
Walter Christaller
45
In Weber's Least Cost Theory, where would the best location of a paper mill in Portland, Oregon
Near raw materials outside of Portland's metropolitan area
Near the port in Portland
Within the central business district in Portland
Close to the other industrial areas in Portland
46
Based on the theory of distance decay, a resident of London is MOST likely to migrate to ...
Shanghai, China
Johannesburg, South Africa
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Paris, France
47
Permanent members of the United Nation's Security Council include all of the following EXCEPT
China
Russia
United Kingdom
Japan
48
In Von Thunen, which is the correct order of ag land use traveling outward from market center?
Vegetables, forest, milk
Wheat, livestock, milk
Livestock, milk, wheat
Milk, forest, wheat
49
_____ are people who have left their residence out of fear but have not left their own country.
internationally displaced persons
undocumented immigrants
refugees
asylum seekers
50
The Industrial Rev is credited as the principal cause of pop growth at which stage of the DTM?
Stage 3
Stage 4
Stage 2
Stage 1
51
To participate in international trade, a country must id the assets it can provide. This is
Supranationalism
Least cost Theory
Comparative advantage
Commodification
52
Which industry locates close to the market to minimize transportation cost of heavy products
tertiary industries
weight reducing industries
primary industries
weight gaining industries
53
Which stage of the DTM features a high birth rate, high death rate, and low pop. growth?
Stage IV
Stage III
Stage II
Stage I
54
Ethnic religions tend to be found near their hearth. Which religion is NOT typical of this?
Shintoism
Buddhism
Judaism
Hinduism
55
What do the UN, NATO, EU, ASEAN, and NAFTA have in common?
they are all multinational corporations
they are all non-governmental organizations
they are all military alliances
they are all supranational organizations
56
Doubling time is -
crude death rate - crude birth rate (per 1000)
crude birth rate - crude death rate (per 1000)
time it takes for pop. to double if growth remains constant
dependent on patterns of immigration and emigration
57
What trend in today's global industrial distribution does the political cartoon depict?
Trade laws banning India & China from investing in the US
return of Chinese & Indian factories back to their countries
Outsourcing/offshoring of US factories & jobs to China/India
Chinese & Indian migrant workers returning home to new jobs
58
Which theorist believed that pandemics are a good thing because they limit pop. growth?
Thomas Malthus
Esther Boserup
Von Thunen
Karl Marx
59
Fundamental principle of the Sector Model is based on what?
Development is centered around transportation routes
Development is structured among the CBD
Development is based on locations of businesses
Development is based on amenities
60
Last 20 yrs, many industries have moved to the southern US. All of these are factors EXCEPT
Government incentives
Lower wage structure
Southern states are 'right to work'
Development of new ports
61
Edge cities typically grow on the border of large urban centers at points near what factor?
schools and universities
major roads and airports
sports and recreation centers
electrical and nuclear power plants
62
Which order follows the Concentric Zone Model pattern from inner ring to the outer ring?
Mixed residential, middle class, CBD, commuters
CBD, Working Class, Mixed Use, Commuters
CBD, Mixed Use, New Development, suburban CBD
CBD,zone of transition,working class, middle class,commuters
63
Food preferences reveal culture. Hindus don't eat ___, Muslims don't eat ___.
pork; shrimp
pork; beef
beef; pork
chicken; beef
64
in Central Place Theory, the threshold of a service is determined by what factor?
the minimum number of people to support a service
the market area of a service
the maximum distance people are willing to go for a service
the amount of nodal areas in a Central Place Theory
65
Friction of distance can serve as a centrifugal force. To combat this, a govt. would fund ...
a high speed railway
new street signs in multiple languages
a educational campaign to address uneven development
a non-governmental org to address religious differences