The ancient supercontinent where all landmasses were once joined

Two oceanic plates diverge. What will most likely occur?

A mid-ocean ridge will be formed

Why does the magnetic polarity of the ocean floor alternate?

The Earth's magnetic field flips every ~300,000 years

Where do most volcanoes in the world form?

At convergent boundaries of oceanic and continental plates

Where would you be most likely to locate a volcano?

At an ocean-continental convergent boundary

Two oceanic plates converge. What will likely occur?

The older plate will subduct and an island arc will be formed

How are hot spot volcanoes different from most other volcanoes?

Hot spot volcanoes do not necessarily form near plate boundaries

An oceanic plate and continental plate converge. What will most likely occur?

The oceanic plate will be subducted and a volcanic arc will form

Why was Wegner's theory of continental drift rejected by scientists originally?

He could not explain how continents would be capable of movement

What is a convection current?

A constant motion created by hot material rising and cool material sinking

How does convection create cycles of movement in rock?

Hotter/less dense materials tend to rise and colder materials tend to sink

What is an island arc?

A chain of volcanoes created above trenches

How do fossils support continental drift?

Some identical land animal fossils are found on multiple continents

What is a Mid-ocean Ridge?

Mountainous seams where new ocean crust is formed

What causes Seafloor Spreading?

New ocean crust is formed at mid-ocean ridges and pushes away old crust

What is the mechanism that causes continental drift?

Convection currents in the mantle push tectonic plates

What is a Deep-ocean Trench?

Underwater canyons where old ocean crust is subducted

Which of the following correctly identifies Wegner's main evidence for continental drift?

Identical fossils, similar mountain ranges, continents fitting together

What is the Ring of Fire?

A region of the world where 75% of volcanoes are located

How does a hot spot form volcanic islands?

As a plate slides over the hot spot, magma creates new volcanoes oer time

How will the main Hawaiian island most likely change in millions of years?

Its volcano will no longer be active since it will pass the hot spot

Which step of convection occurs closest to the crust?

Warm rock begins to cool down and lose heat

Which island in a hot spot chain is likely the youngest?

The island closest to the hot spot

Two continental plates diverge. What will likely occur?

A volcanic rift valley may form and a new body of water may be created

Process where an oceanic plate that is denser sinks beneath another plate

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Unit 4 Plate Tectonics Review

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Questions 38

Answers

1
What is Pangaea?
The ancient supercontinent where all landmasses were once joined
The process where old oceanic crust sinks into the mantle
The idea that continents slowly move over time
The idea that the continents will all collide years in the future
2
A plate interaction is creating a earthquake and no landforms. This is most likely a:
Transform Boundary
Divergent Boundary
Drift Boundary
Convergent Boundary
3
A plate interaction is creating a mountain range. This is most likely a:
Convergent Boundary
Divergent Boundary
Transform Boundary
Drift Boundary
4
Two oceanic plates diverge. What will most likely occur?
A deep-sea trench will form
A new ocean or lake will be formed
An island arc of volcanoes will be formed
A mid-ocean ridge will be formed
5
A plate interaction is creating a mid-ocean ridge. This is most likely a:
Drift Boundary
Divergent Boundary
Transform Boundary
Convergent Boundary
6
Why does the magnetic polarity of the ocean floor alternate?
The Earth's magnetic field flips every ~300,000 years
The magnets repel and attract each other
Some magma is magnetic and some is not
Some parts of the floor are continental and some are ocean crust
7
Where do most volcanoes in the world form?
At divergent continental plate boundaries
At transform oceanic plate boundaries
At convergent plate boundaries of two continents where mountains are made
At convergent boundaries of oceanic and continental plates
8
What kind of boundary is shown at Point A?
Divergent
Volcanic
Convergent
Transform
9
Where would you be most likely to locate a volcano?
Deep inside the outer core of the Earth
In the middle of a continental plate
At a transform boundary of two continental plates
At an ocean-continental convergent boundary
10
Two plates are sliding against each other in opposite directions. This is a:
Divergent Boundary
Transform Boundary
Drift Boundary
Convergent Boundary
11
Two oceanic plates converge. What will likely occur?
The older plate will subduct and an island arc will be formed
Both plates will be subducted and melt back inside the mantle
A mid-ocean ridge will be formed
A mountain range will be formed
12
How are hot spot volcanoes different from most other volcanoes?
Hot spot volcanoes can only be created on continental plates
Hot spot volcanoes do not necessarily form near plate boundaries
Hot spot volcanoes never become dormant/inactive
Hot spot volcanoes erupt much more violently than others
13
An oceanic plate and continental plate converge. What will most likely occur?
A rift valley will be formed between the two plates
The oceanic plate will be subducted and a volcanic arc will form
Earthquakes and tsunamis will be generated
The continental plate will be subducted and a mountain range will form
14
Why was Wegner's theory of continental drift rejected by scientists originally?
There was no scientific evidence to support the idea
The fossil and mountain evidence discredited his ideas
Continents did not look like they could have fit together in the past
He could not explain how continents would be capable of movement
15
Two plates are splitting apart. This is a:
Drift Boundary
Transform Boundary
Divergent Boundary
Convergent Boundary
16
What is a convection current?
The magnetic field generated by the Earth
A current of water created by earthquakes
The spreading of the seafloor caused by new crust formation
A constant motion created by hot material rising and cool material sinking
17
Where would you find the OLDEST ocean crust?
Near hot spots
Near rift valleys
Near mid-ocean ridges
Near deep-ocean trenches
18
How does convection create cycles of movement in rock?
Hotter/less dense materials tend to rise and colder materials tend to sink
Rocks near the surface of the planet absorb heat from the sun and sink down
When mantle rocks are heated, earthquakes can be generated in the mantle
Colder/more dense materials tend to rise and push away hotter materials
19
What is an island arc?
A chain of volcanoes created above trenches
A mountain range created by the collision of two ocean plates
A curved island formed by a divergent boundary
A joining of two or more continents to form a supercontinent
20
How do fossils support continental drift?
Fossil records show scientists that the Earth has always looked the same
Most types of fossils are only found on a single landmass
Some identical land animal fossils are found on multiple continents
Fossils prove that animals evolved from early plants
21
Two continental plates converge. What will likely occur?
Volcanoes will form
A trench will form
A mid-ocean ridge will form
A mountain range will form
22
A plate interaction is creating a volcanic arc. This is most likely a:
Convergent Boundary
Transform Boundary
Divergent Boundary
Drift Boundary
23
Two plates are colliding together. This is a:
Transform Boundary
Divergent Boundary
Convergent Boundary
Drift Boundary
24
What is a Mid-ocean Ridge?
Mountainous seams where new ocean crust is formed
Underwater canyons where old ocean crust is subducted
Areas where magma escapes the mantle away from any plate boundaries
Deep parts of the ocean formed by transform boundaries
25
Where is subduction taking place?
Point C
Left of the mid-ocean ridge
Point B
Point A
26
What causes Seafloor Spreading?
Earthquakes at transform boundaries
Continental plates push underneath ocean plates and cause them to uplift
New ocean crust is formed at mid-ocean ridges and pushes away old crust
Volcanic eruptions shake continents away from each other
27
Which of the following is a mechanism of continental drift?
Eruptions
Seafloor Spreading
Hot Spots
Pangaea
28
What is the mechanism that causes continental drift?
Earthquakes cause the plates to slide over the mantle
Convection currents in the mantle push tectonic plates
Movements in the outer core create a magnetic field around the planet
Seafloor spreading creates volcanic eruptions that shake the plates
29
What is a Deep-ocean Trench?
Underwater canyons where old ocean crust is subducted
Mountainous seams where new ocean crust is formed
Deep parts of the ocean formed by transform boundaries
Areas where magma escapes the mantle away from any plate boundaries
30
Which of the following correctly identifies Wegner's main evidence for continental drift?
Igneous rocks on all continents, identical fossils, and convection currents
Identical fossils, similar mountain ranges, continents fitting together
Identical types of rocks, the existence of human cultures, and climate
Human remains on multiple continents and identical fossils
31
What is the Ring of Fire?
The circular region around Antarctica where volcanoes erupt most often
The molten layer of magma underneath the crust
A region of the world where 75% of volcanoes are located
The part of a volcano where the magma and lava has the highest temperature
32
How does a hot spot form volcanic islands?
As the plates grind together, the friction melts crust and forms volcanoes
As one plate is subducted, it melts and creates a volcano
As a plate slides over the hot spot, magma creates new volcanoes oer time
Islands with tectonic activity have their crust melt and make volcanoes
33
How will the main Hawaiian island most likely change in millions of years?
The main island will collide with the smaller islands to form a superisland
Its volcano will no longer be active since it will pass the hot spot
The island will submerge due to seafloor spreading
The island will continue to grow in height as eruptions occur frequently
34
A plate interaction is creating a rift valley. This is most likely a:
Drift Boundary
Convergent Boundary
Divergent Boundary
Transform Boundary
35
Which step of convection occurs closest to the crust?
Warm rock begins to cool down and lose heat
Cold rock begins to heat up
Cold rock absorbs heat from the heated surface of Earth
Earthquakes cause cold rock to sink back into the mantle
36
Which island in a hot spot chain is likely the youngest?
The island with the lowest elevation
The island further away from the hot spot
The island closest to the hot spot
The island with inactive volcanoes
37
Two continental plates diverge. What will likely occur?
A mid-ocean ridge will be formed
A mountain range will be formed
One of the plates will be subducted and a volcanic arc will be formed
A volcanic rift valley may form and a new body of water may be created
38
What is Subduction?
Process where an oceanic plate that is denser sinks beneath another plate
Process where continents are slowly pushed around on the planet
Process where hotter material rises in the magma and creates movement
Process where new oceanic crust is formed from cooling magma

Unit 4 Plate Tectonics Review Flashcards | StudBud