What was the historically significant difference between Renaissance and medieval thought?

focus on the divine as inspiration for creative & intellectual perspective

How was Queen Elizabeth I a major influence in restoring unity in England through the Elizabethan Settlement?

She retained many Catholic traditions but kept England a Protestant nation.

The purpose of the Council of Trent was to

direct the reform of the Catholic Church

How was the Scientific Revolution inspired by the Renaissance?

The Renaissance spirit of inquiry helped explore beyond ancient knowledge.

What changes did the Catholic Church make during the Catholic Reformation?

It provided penalties for corruption among the clergy.

Leonardo da Vinci is often referred to as a true “Renaissance Man.” Why has he come to symbolize the spirit of the era?

His interests and body of work spanned many subjects

What was the eventual result of the scientific contributions of René Descartes and Francis Bacon?

A new scientific method: inquiry, experimentation and observation

How did Rene Descartes help impact thinking during the Scientific Revolution?

He applied the theory of truth before starting scientific observations.

How was the Medici family able to economically impact the Italian Renaissance from 1375 to 1500?

3 generations of the Medici used their wealth & status to support the arts.

Which of these factors influenced the start of the Renaissance in Italy?

City-states controlled trade that provided for the spread of new ideas.

What type of art did Michelangelo's work on the Sistine Chapel reflect that was typical during the Renaissance?

ideas of humanism reflected in religious themes

How was Renaissance art different from the art of the Middle Ages?

it was more realistic and displayed some non-religious subjects

Why was Copernicus's theory about the universe significant for the Scientific Revolution?

first to say earth moves around the sun

How did the message of the Reformation spread through Europe?

The printing press spread Luthers writings through pamphlets &broadsheets.

Leonardo da Vinci is often referred to as a true “Renaissance Man.” Why has he come to symbolize the spirit of the era?

His interests and body of work spanned many subjects.

What were Isaac Newton's theories about the workings of the universe

Newton believed that gravity keeps the planets in orbit around the sun.

Martin Luther believed that

Faith and scripture were all that a person needed

What general conclusion did Isaac Newton's observation of gravity have on the way we understand the Universe?

explains and governs the motion of the planets and stars

What is the most accurate statement about the printing press?

Numbers of books in European cities soared beyond imagination.

Which events spurred on the Scientific Revolution?

Reformation ideas challenged Church views of the universe.

How did the Catholic Church respond to the Protestant Reformation?

It enacted its own reforms, called the Counter-Reformation

What central idea that Erasmus strived to achieve?

make religion more accessible by translating the Bible

The main goal of the Jesuits was to

defend, restore, and spread the Catholic faith

What social changes did the printing press bring to Europe during the Renaissance?

They allowed new ideas to spread across Europe reaching more people.

Which is the best example of a theocracy?

A government run by religious leaders

How do Shakespeare's plays reflect the central literary themes common throughout the Renaissance?

They explore the universal themes & portray classical figures and subjects.

How did the Dutch priest and humanist Erasmus influence the intellectual impact of the Renaissance?

He used his literary skills to press for both religious and social reform.

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Unit 5 Exam Review

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Questions 37

Answers

1
What was the historically significant difference between Renaissance and medieval thought?
renewed focus on spirituality over secular doctrine
less emphasis on classical scholarship in favor of new methods of inquiry
shift to humanism instead of religious studies
focus on the divine as inspiration for creative & intellectual perspective
2
Which scientist was responsible for the heliocentric model of the universe?
Nicolaus Copernicus
Rene Descartes
Robert Boyle
Francis Bacon
3
How was Queen Elizabeth I a major influence in restoring unity in England through the Elizabethan Settlement?
A compromise between spiritual leaders that she negotiated ended in a truce
The British removed her monarchy from control over religious matters.
She removed Catholic rituals and retained English in church services.
She retained many Catholic traditions but kept England a Protestant nation.
4
The Scientific Method is based on
Greek Writers
Church Doctrine
Aristotle's Laws
Experimentation & Observation
5
Which scientist was responsible for the heliocentric model of the universe?
Nicolaus Copernicus
René Descartes
Isaac Newton
Galileo Galilei
6
Of the following, which word or phrase would you associate with John Calvin?
Purgatory
Predestination
Universalism
Penance
7
Which thinker is credited with establishing the basic principles of physics, including natural laws that govern gravity
Francis Bacon
René Descartes
Robert Boyle
Isaac Newton
8
The purpose of the Council of Trent was to
spread the catholic faith to distant lands
translate the Bible into the vernacular
direct the reform of the Catholic Church
fight Protestantism by rooting out heresy
9
How was the Scientific Revolution inspired by the Renaissance?
The Renaissance spirit of inquiry helped explore beyond ancient knowledge.
The Renaissance discovery of perspective aided scientific research.
During the Renaissance, the Church was into scientific research & the arts.
Renaissance artists depicted human anatomy more realistically.
10
What changes did the Catholic Church make during the Catholic Reformation?
It stopped using the Inquisition to fight Protestantism.
It restored a version of the Book of Common Prayer.
It provided penalties for corruption among the clergy.
It revised and updated many traditional Catholic beliefs.
11
Leonardo da Vinci is often referred to as a true “Renaissance Man.” Why has he come to symbolize the spirit of the era?
His scientific works showed a level of genius
He excelled at everything he did
His paintings were the most famous
His interests and body of work spanned many subjects
12
What was the eventual result of the scientific contributions of René Descartes and Francis Bacon?
Mathematics was used to see movement of planets, in which laws of gravity
geocentric view was discarded in favor of the heliocentric model.
chemistry was established, which proposed that all matter is compose
A new scientific method: inquiry, experimentation and observation
13
How did Rene Descartes help impact thinking during the Scientific Revolution?
He applied the theory of truth before starting scientific observations.
He discovered new methods of understanding Plato's works.
He adapted Newton's theories in new research and experiments.
He worked on a creating a process of scientific method and testing.
14
How was the Medici family able to economically impact the Italian Renaissance from 1375 to 1500?
Giovanni sponsored the most famous artists of the day in Italy.
A center of learning founded by Cosimo led to his election as a top leader.
The Medici used their financial connections to increase their net wealth.
3 generations of the Medici used their wealth & status to support the arts.
15
Which of these factors influenced the start of the Renaissance in Italy?
City-states controlled trade that provided for the spread of new ideas.
Muslims had established centers of learning in southern Italy.
Banking centers had close ties to the Holy Roman Empire.
Medieval treasures from Greece were easily accessible.
16
What type of art did Michelangelo's work on the Sistine Chapel reflect that was typical during the Renaissance?
paintings that reflected society instead of individuals
ideas of humanism reflected in religious themes
artistic techniques with people in beautiful landscape settings
Greek and Roman art in contemporary themes
17
How was Renaissance art different from the art of the Middle Ages?
it was less realistic and displayed on religious subjects
it was always based on Greek and Roman subjects
it was usually placed in churches and other religious spaces
it was more realistic and displayed some non-religious subjects
18
Why was Copernicus's theory about the universe significant for the Scientific Revolution?
first to say earth moves around the sun
rejected Plato's theory
said planets travel in an ellipse
disproved Galileo's theory
19
How did the message of the Reformation spread through Europe?
Priests posted Luther's Theses on church doors to encourage debate.
Lutheran missionaries carried his message to people throughout Europe.
The printing press spread Luthers writings through pamphlets &broadsheets.
Town councils that disapproved of the Church's wealth.
20
Leonardo da Vinci is often referred to as a true “Renaissance Man.” Why has he come to symbolize the spirit of the era?
His paintings were the greatest of their time.
He excelled at everything he did, making him equal with the greek gods.
His recognized genius would be shown in his before their time inventions.
His interests and body of work spanned many subjects.
21
What were Isaac Newton's theories about the workings of the universe
Newton believed that all motion in the universe can be measured.
Newton believed that gravity keeps the planets in orbit around the sun.
Newton believed that gravity kept the earth at the center of the universe.
Newton believed that the universe was controlled by divine forces.
22
How did ideas from the Renaissance and Reformation contribute to the Scientific Revolution?
Neither challenged medieval views
Both challenged medieval views
Both endorsed feudalism
Both challenged the king’s views
23
Martin Luther believed that
The state should be sepertae from religion
All seven sacraments should be retained in the church
A person must do good works in order to get into heaven
Faith and scripture were all that a person needed
24
What general conclusion did Isaac Newton's observation of gravity have on the way we understand the Universe?
explains and governs the motion of the planets and stars
Force explains why the sun is the center of the solar system
It's the missing link needed to link astronomy, physics, and math
physics use gravity to help illustrate and model a form of calculus
25
Which idea differentiates the Protestant doctrines of Calvinism and Lutheranism?
belief in purgatory
rejection of saints and indulgences
rejection of papal rule
belief in predestination
26
Which scientist was responsible for the heliocentric model of the universe?
Nicolaus Copernicus
Pee Wee Herman
Galileo Galilei
René Descartes
27
What is the most accurate statement about the printing press?
The price of a 600-page handwritten book increased dramatically.
Numbers of books in European cities soared beyond imagination.
The quantity of new books in Italy spread rapidly from the technology.
Cities with printing presses more than doubled every ten years.
28
Which events spurred on the Scientific Revolution?
Data on the orbits of the planets proved that Galileo was correct.
New thinking brought back ideas of Ptolemy and Aristotle.
Scientists explained the physical universe with mathematics.
Reformation ideas challenged Church views of the universe.
29
How did the Catholic Church respond to the Protestant Reformation?
It compromised by embracing the Calvinist ideas of predestination.
It enacted its own reforms, called the Counter-Reformation
It erupts in turmoil & greater religious conflict.
The Inquisition starts pious new religious orders including the Jesuits and
30
What central idea that Erasmus strived to achieve?
form a Protestant Church that is free
promote the benefits of the printing revolution
make religion more accessible by translating the Bible
form theocratic societies
31
Which of the following is an example of an abuse by the Roman Catholic Church during the Renaissance?
allowing monarchs to rule the Church
printing the Bible in the vernacular
selling indulgences
reducing fees for marriages and baptisms
32
The main goal of the Jesuits was to
end the growth of Calvinism in England
reform Spanish convents ad monasteries
defend, restore, and spread the Catholic faith
end corruption within the Catholic Church
33
What social changes did the printing press bring to Europe during the Renaissance?
The cities became culturally isolated with depressed economies.
The cities grew more migrants, became culturally rich, &grew economically.
They developed entire new classes of educated citizens.
They allowed new ideas to spread across Europe reaching more people.
34
Which is the best example of a theocracy?
A government run by religious leaders
A government run by citizens
A government run by monarchs
A government run by elected representative
35
How did the printing press affect the lives of everyday people during the Renaissance?
Birth rates fell as people read about new medical advances
Rural population increased as more churches were built
Religious differences came up as more people read the Bible
Literacy rates increased
36
How do Shakespeare's plays reflect the central literary themes common throughout the Renaissance?
They explore the universal themes & portray classical figures and subjects.
They analyze the politics of achieving political power in empires.
They advocate for political and religious reform.
They honor the scholarly achievements of a utopian society.
37
How did the Dutch priest and humanist Erasmus influence the intellectual impact of the Renaissance?
He supported a utopian society that was challenged by the Catholic Church.
He wrote in the Greek vernacular to promote the Bible for the public.
He rivaled Shakespeare in producing many plays in classical languages.
He used his literary skills to press for both religious and social reform.

Unit 5 Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud