Interest groups and political parties differ in that

political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected

All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT

required candidtes to take public funds

All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?

a debate between the two leading candidates

This 1954 case ruled that "separate but equal" was inherently unequal

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas

A hierarchical organizational chart of a party with chairperson at top & candidates at bottom

may be ideal but isn't realistic

Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?

to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power

How has the gov't. ensured press access to the war front & insured context in their reporting?

they allow reporters to "embed" with military units

McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT

eliminated the public funding option

What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?

policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting

After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?

the press became a "watchdog" on the government

If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably

moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date

studbud

AP Government Final Exam 2nd pd. Review

143 termsStudBud Administration89 plays

A review for AP Government students preparing for the exam. #apgovernment

Flashcards143 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 143

Answers

1
All of the following contribute to hyperdemocracy or officials "running scared" except
primaries
the power of interest groups
strong parties
short terms
2
All of the following demographic trends in the U.S. are true EXCEPT:
The median age is getting higher.
We will soon be a majority minority nation
Blacks outnumber hispanics
the population is shifting to the south
3
What case ruling struck down anti-sodomy laws, granting gay people a right to privacy?
Lawrence v. Texas
Reece v. Texas
Smith v. Texas
Texas v. Johnson
4
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
pay dues
think they are in it
attend meetings
register
5
Interest groups and political parties differ in that
political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected
Parties have legislative goals
political parties offer selective benefits
political parties are involved in electioneering
6
Whst American president is credited with inventing campaigning & inspiring "loyal opposition"?
William McKinley
Andrew Jackson
Thomas Jefferson
Alexander Hamilton
7
Who actually votes to nominate candidates at the national convention?
delegates
electors
voters
party leaders
8
What court case established the "hostile environment" standard for sexual harassment cases?
Employment Division v. Smith
Reed v. Reed
Harris v. Forklift Systems
Playboy Entertainment v. United States
9
All of the following groups were part of the New Deal coalition EXCEPT
unions
blacks
white souitherners
the wealthy
10
How were affirmative action programs brought to an end in California?
an initiative was passed
an executive order by the Governor
the state legislative baody banned it
a court order
11
What court ruling banned simplistic formulas that advantaged minorities in college admissions?
Fisher v.University of Texas
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Grutter v. Bollinger
12
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "medium scrutiny" standard.
race
gender
religion
wealth
13
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Put a cap on malpractice lawsuits.
Republican
Democrat
14
All of the following are purposes of national conventions now EXCEPT
to advertise the candidate
to officially nominate a candidate
to debate policy openly
to energize the party faithful
15
Which of the following is an example of a beat?
press conference
politics
narrowcast
newscast
16
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Oppose mandatory minimum sentencing programs.
Democrat
Republican
17
What is a common outcome of lack of party cohesion?
voter apathy
rapid passage of laws
separation of powers
runaway spending
18
What court ruling upheld using race as part of a holistic assessment in admissions decisions?
Grutter v. Bollinger
Gratz v. Bollinger
Fisher v.University of Texas
Adarand Construction v. Pena
19
All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT
required reporting of income/spending
required candidtes to take public funds
a program to publicly fund campaigns was started
limited contributions
20
All of the following tend to happen as you age EXCEPT
you get more conservative
you attend to the news
you vote more
You vote for Democrats
21
All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?
a debate between the two leading candidates
the writing of the party platform
candidate nomination
a speech by the Vice Presidential nominee
22
Habeus Corpus rights were at first denied to hundreds of suspected terrorists being held at
San Quentin
Alcatraz
Los Alamos
Guantanamo
23
Discrimination based on ________________ requires the "reasonable / lowest scrutiny" standard.
age
race
gender
religion
24
All of the following are a types of third parties we have seen in US politics EXCEPT
issue / cause
popular person-based
revolutionary
splinter
25
This case ruled that "undue burden" will be the lesser standard for abortion restrictions
Roe v. Wade
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Gideon v. Wainwright
Griswold v. Connecticut
26
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Republican
Democrat
27
What party, est. in the 1890s, failed to defeat the Republicans despite support from Democrats?
Dixiecrats
Populists
Whigs
Know Nothings
28
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Privatize Social Security.
Republican
Democrat
29
What is the primary reason some states have more delegates than others at the convention?
they have the most registered party members
they raise the most money for the party
they have a larger population
They more reliably vote for the party
30
This 1954 case ruled that "separate but equal" was inherently unequal
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
31
A hierarchical organizational chart of a party with chairperson at top & candidates at bottom
shows that party strength is on the rise
iis accurate
may be ideal but isn't realistic
iis a requirement in a democracy
32
This amendment gave black males the right to vote
14th
13th
12th
15th
33
This case ruled that women have a right to an abortion in the 1st trimester without restriction
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Roe v. Wade
Gideon v. Wainwright
Griswold v. Connecticut
34
Media tends to be biased in all the following ways EXCEPT?
They focus on individuals
They focus on odd/ unusual
they tend to be liberal
they focus on issues
35
Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?
to rank and file party members would have a voice
to reward big fundraisers
to ensure the best balloon drop at the convention
to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power
36
What types of elections do states have that the federal government does NOT have?
policy elections
primaries
general elections
37
What party did Abraham Lincoln found?
Know Nothing
Democrat
Whig
Republican
38
This case ruled the gov't. can't use evidence gained as a result of an illegal search:
Mapp v. Ohio
Miranda v. Arizona
Gregg v. Georgia
NAACP v. Alabama
39
How has the gov't. ensured press access to the war front & insured context in their reporting?
they allow reporters to "embed" with military units
the military provides info to be vetted by the press
all war reporters are members of the military
they put no restrictions on the press in war torn areas
40
What was the first form of mass media?
telegraph
daily newspapers
radio
television
41
McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT
eliminated the public funding option
increased the amount individuals to donate to candidates
barred issue ads by outside groups before an election
required reporting of PAC contributions
42
All of the following undercut the importance of campaign strategy EXCEPT
selective perception
party identification
media culture
incumbency advantage
43
What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?
Media outlets depend on policy entrpreneurs for ratings
policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting
it is nonexistent
it is contentious
44
How did local party bosses win support and loyalty to their party in the past?
providing government services
voter fraud
advertising
patronage
45
What person or groups bears the most responsibility for funding and shaping a campaign?
the party
the candidate
the bureaucracy
interest groups
46
All of the following are cases that upheld the death penalty EXCEPT
Furman v. Georgia
Griswold v. Connecticut
McClesky v. Kemp
Gregg v. Georgia
47
After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?
the press became a "watchdog" on the government
the press became more protective of the president
the press became more deferentail to the legislative power
the press became apathetic towards the government
48
What court cased ruling established that arbitrary gender discrimination is unlawful?
Reed v. Reed
Shaw v. Reno
Shaw v. Hunt
Santa Clara v. Martinez
49
This court case established the "medium scrutiny" standard for gender-based classification
Schaffley v. Hoke
ERA v. Hunt
Craig v. Boren
Reed v. Reed
50
If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably
moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date
giving free tv time to candidates
making it harder to get on the ballot
making it easier to register to vote
51
Which of the following type of voter is least common?
groups benefits
idealogues
low information
nature of the times
52
Who was the 1st US President to control the press by controlling info and staying on message?
W. Bush
Clinton
H,W. Bush
Reagan
53
What Republican attracted white southerners to the Republican party with his Southern Strategy?
H.W. Bush
Goldwater
Reagan
Nixon
54
What part of the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination in federally funded programs?
Title IX
Title XX
Title XI
Title V
55
What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?
US v. Nixon
McCain v. BCRA
FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life
Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission
56
This law banned literacy tests & allowed federal oversight of election activities in the South
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
The 24th amendment
The Civil Rights Act of 1968
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
57
What prevents the press form being too "tough" on the government and officials?
they are liberal biased towards government intervention
they need access to government officials
They might alienate viewers
They are inherently patriotic
58
Which of the following is an example of unconventional political participation?
protest
running for office
petitioning
voting
59
The idea that you don't need to outspend your opponent, but you need to get your message out is
the doctrine of sufficiency
the doctrine of efficiency
the doctrine of campaign finance
the doctrine of currency
60
From the Civil War - 1960s the "Solid South" voted
Whig
Republican
Democratic
Dixiecrat
61
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Subsidize renewable energy development.
Democrat
Republican
62
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
19th
17th
18th
20th
63
This case ruled the government must provide an attorney if a suspect cannot afford one
Mapp v. Ohio
Gideon v. Wainwright
NAACP v. Alabama
Miranda v. Arizona
64
What type of polls are candidates LEAST likely to use?
key word / phrasing polls
voter perception
exit poLling
push polls
65
What type of communication is most likely to discuss a candidate's positions on the issues?
tv ads
interviews with media
a poll
the nightly news
66
All of the following are true of primaries EXCEPT?
states have them on different dates
they are more common than caucuses
Voters physically meet and discuss candidates
there is a ballot
67
The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?
the part that banned hard money
the part that banned soft money
the part that said you can't fund your own campaign
the part that said you must take public funding
68
This law said suspected terrorists can be wiretapped and residences searched without notice
Freedom Act
Patriot Act
Wikileaks Act
Protect America Act
69
What court ruling raised the standard for contract set-asides to "compelling gov't. interest"?
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Fisher v.University of Texas
70
Conservative or liberal? Provide a "path to citizenship" for law-abiding illegal immigrants.
liberal
conservative
71
Why does the "Responsible Party Model" work better in Europe than in the U.S.?
They have more party cohesion
They have elections more often
They have more parties
Their parties are more organized
72
What was the ruling in Korematsu v. The United States?
People of Japanese ancestry born in the US are not citizens
Internment of people of Japanese ancestry is constitutional
Germans and Italians should also be interned
Internment of Japanese US citizens is unconstitutional
73
How long do national party conventions typically last?
3 days
4 days
1 day
1 week
74
In what type of primaries can voters vote for different parties on the same ballot?
blanket
closed
open
bicameral
75
What is the primary reason third parties do not succeed longterm?
state requirementa to get on the ballpt
campaign funding laws
the winner take all system
voter apathy
76
What group gained citizenship and could vote in 1924?
blacks
immigrants
native americans
migrant workers
77
What type of primary do political parties like best?
blanket
open
closed
unicameral
78
What innovation in broadcasting led to the development of "narrowcasting"?
netflix
the internet
satellite tv
cable television
79
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Protect a woman's right to choose an abortion.
Republican
Democrat
80
The Supreme Court ruled NC had gone too far in using race as a factor in drawing districts in
harris v. Forklift Systems
Shaw v. Reno
Reed v. North Carolina
Craig v. Boren
81
What does it mean when a candidate is being "vetted"?
They are being nominated
They are being prepped for a debate
They are being fully "checked out" for any problems
They are fiundraising
82
The Trial of Peter Zenger in colonial America established what new precedent?
editorials are held to a different standard
you can be punished if you criticize gov't leaders
you can criticize gov't officials if the info is true
all officials criticized have a right f rebuttal
83
All of the following are criticisms of our current primary / caucus system EXCEPT:
few people participate
it caters to low information voters
the early states get too much attention
the early states are not representative of the US population
84
Over time, national party conventions have become less
attended
fun
predictable
contentious
85
Who determines the method and timing of delegate selection?
the U.S. Congress
the Suoreme Court
the voters through referendum
the states
86
For what is Betty Freidan famous?
Being the lead lawyer in Roe v. Wade
writing The Feminine Mystique
Starting Ms. Magazine
founding the National Organization for Women
87
These were the first two political parties in the United States.
Know Nothings and Whigs
Democrats and Whigs
Republicans and Democrats
Federalists and Democratic Republicans
88
Conservative or liberal? Increase regulations to protect the environment.
conservative
liberal
89
Cesar Chavez led boycotts and demonstrations to get better protections for what group?
migrant workers
women
asians
hispanics
90
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
pay dues
attend meetings
think they are in it
register
91
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support free trade and low tariffs.
liberal
conservative
92
A trial balloon is usually preceded by a
scandal
interview
leak
beat
93
All of the following were intended to limit black voting EXCEPT
poll taxes
primaries
literacy tests
grandfather clauses
94
What is the driving focus of organization and action in local political party orgs today?
information management and mobilization
patronage
converting voters
polling and policy positions
95
The Downs Model / Rational Choice Model explains
Why we have two parties
why we don't have radical parties in the US
Why third parties tend to fail
why we have polarization
96
All of the following are tasks of political parties EXCEPT
articulate policies
run polls on election day
pick candidates
coordinate campaigns
97
What is referred to as the "paradox of mass politics" in the US?
How obsessed we are with presidential politics over local
how much people complain given how few vote
That the people think we have a democracy when we do not
the success of our democracy given how little we know
98
This amendment ended slavery
15th
13th
14th
12th
99
Third parties serve all of the following functions EXCEPT
inject new issues into the policy agenda
safety valve for popular discontent
make elections less volatile
motivate more people to vote
100
Which party requires that primary / caucus results be used to assign delegates proportionally?
Democrats
Republicans
101
Conservative or liberal? Require photo ID to vote.
liberal
conservative
102
All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT
Only 12 states hold them
they were a tool of party machines and bosses in the past
the whole process takes one day
the most fanous ones are in Iowa
103
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
religion
gender
wealth
sexual orientation
104
This 1896 case ruled that "separate but equal" was constitutional
Reynolds v. United States
Plessy v. Ferguson
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
105
What two multimillionaires dominated the press in the late 1800s, producing yellow journalism?
Hearst and Pulitzer
Smith and Wesson
Raymour and Flanigan
Cooper and Flanigan
106
Which leadership model is related to a direct democracy?
instructed delegate
division of labor
trustee
politico
107
Which of the following is true of 527 groups?
they disclose the names of contributors
They are for profit taxable organizations
They coordinate closely with candidates
they produce issue ads
108
Empty question
109
What court ruling banned the use of quotas in university admissions?
Texas v. Johnson
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Snyder v. Phelps
Fisher v.University of Texas
110
This 1971 case ruled that busing was an acceptable remedy to desegregate schools
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
111
All of the following increase the likelihood of voting EXCEPT
being educated
being female
being wealthy
being young
112
What was evident after the Kennedy v. Nixon debates in 1960?
The Conservative Era was over
the effect of television on politics would be minimal
physical attractiveness could impact electoral success
politicians must take clear positions on issues
113
For what primary reason do parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?
To select a candidate for the general election
to produce a party platform
To build enthusiasm
To raise money
114
Why are state party operations so critical to presidential candidates?
They raise most of the money
They provide endorsements
They know the election laws in that state
They do polling
115
At the start of our republic, to vote you had to meet all the following criiteria EXCEPT
property owner
white
male
Christian
116
What aspect of campaigns gets the most media attention?
the candidate's voting record
policy positions
fundraising
"horserace" coverage
117
What portion of the 14th amendment is the basis for civil rights protections in the US?
the free exercise clause
elastic clause
the due process clause
the equal protection clause
118
What is a leading contributor to the superficial nature of modern media?
the prevalence of sound bites
24 hour news channels
Internet ads
consolidation of news outlets
119
Controlling for education and wealth, who is more likely to vote?
white Americans
black Americans
120
How has TV coverage of conventions changed over time?
it is shorter
It is more in depth
It is nonexistent
It is longer
121
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
gender
race
age
sexual orientation
122
What do family, mass media, school and peers have in common related to politics?
They are all interest groups
They are all potential groups
They are all informal
They are all agents of socialization
123
How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?
They are shorter but more expensive
They are longer, more exspensive and more common
They are longer but cheaper
They are faster, cheaper, and less common
124
What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?
They have voted more often
they have become more informed
They have less trust in the governmnt
they have become more ideological
125
What was the goal of the McGovern-Fraser Commission in the 1960s?
to make delegate selection more democratic
to regulate campaign finance
to streamline platform writing
to eliminate caucuses in favor of primaries
126
This 1857 case ruled that blacks were not citizens and slaves were property.
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Reynolds v. United States
Griswold v. Connecticut
127
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Republican
Democrat
128
Which of the following is true of Political Action Committees (PACS)?
their donors can remain anonymous
they tend to support incumbents
They coordinate closely with their candidate
There are limits to how much they can accept from any person
129
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 defined ___________________ as a form of discrimination.
inaccessibility
accommodation
exclusion
disability
130
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Protect the life of the unborn.
conservative
liberal
131
What percentage of delegates does a candidate need to get the nomination?
the largest percentage of all candidates
50% +1
100%
2/3 or 75%
132
What is the point of a trial balloon?
to see public reaction before making a public announcement
to see how high it will go without popping
to launch a campaign
to mend fences after a scandal
133
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Increase taxes on the wealthy.
liberal
conservative
134
What caused a steady increase in the cost of campaigns in the late 1950s and early 60s?
inflation
television
new state election laws
staffing requirements
135
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support / expansion of government programs.
liberal
conservative
136
What law requires employers to reasonable accommodate people with disabilities?
The Americans With Disabilities Act
The Disabled Freedom Act
The Disabled Accommodation Act
The Handicapped Bill of Rights
137
The significance of campaign strategy
is often underestimated
is that it sets the policy agenda
is generally overstated
is that it typically converts voters
138
Is political socialization mostly formal or informal in the U.S.?
formal
informal
139
Voters registered as independents are positively correlated with what behavior?
ticket-splitting
voting
protesting
fundraising
140
In 1972, what constitutional amendment failed to be ratified?
The Equal Rights Amendment
Fuel Independence
Gay Rights
Tutle IX
141
This amendment eliminated the poll tax
25th
24th
23rd
22nd
142
What fact might indicate that an incumbent is in a tight reelection race?
they are taking clear positions on issues
they participate in debates
they increase campaign spending
They are avoiding media attention
143
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 bans discrimination based on all the following criteria EXCEPT
religion
age
gender
race

AP Government Final Exam 2nd pd. Review Flashcards | StudBud