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Anatomy exam 1
Define the cardiovascular system
Define Cephalon
Anatomy exam 1
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Answers
1
Define Cephalon
Elbow
Head
Foot
2
Define the cardiovascular system
Its only function is for the heart to pump blood
Transports cells, nutrients, waste, and gases throughout the body
3
Explain why a study of tissues is relevant to human anatomy
Both diamond and circle
Because tissues make up organs which are structures of the body
Understanding structure illuminates function
Because its a sheet of cells that covers or lines structures
4
The ultrasound is used for the visualization of the fetus using sound waves
True
False
5
Your brachium is your arm
True
False
6
What is regional anatomy?
Its the study of different people from different regions of the world
Between species
Landmarks for surgery
All structures in a certain area
7
Define sound substance
Wandering cells
A sheet of connective tissue
Fixed cells
Syrupy substance in which fibers and cells live
8
Define Anatomy
Study of external/internal structures and relationships with body parts
Conducts long term changes in activities of other organ systems
Changes during illness
The study of tissues
9
Explain the stratum basale
Dips in dermis & forms epidermal ridges that lock with dermal papillae
True skin
Papillary layer
Thick layer of tissue under the epidermus
10
What are the 4 anatomical planes
cranial, vertebral, thoracic, abdominopelvic
epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
head, shoulders, knees, toes
frontal, sagittal, transverse, oblique
11
Define epithelial tissue
Columns of cells inside organs
Sheet of cells that cover or lines structures
12
Define tissue
Arranged in sheete
Group of specailized cells & their products that perform a common function
None of these define tissue
Highly cellular
13
An organ system is all structures in a certain area
True
False
14
Define the muscular system
Covers surface area
Does nothing
Allows movement, provides support, produces heat
Restricts movement
15
If the cavities are like rooms the parietal lining is like the wallpaper
False
True
16
Define integumentary system
Merkle cells attached to nerves
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that is orgnized into 5 layers
A covering including: skin, hair, nails, sweat/oil/mammary glands
Skin = dermis + epidermis
17
Cancer is a disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body
False
True
18
Which are the 4 types of tissue in the human body
Cardiac, skeletal, nervous, smooth
All of the above
Epithelial, connective, nervous, muscle
Bone, ligaments, tendons, cartilage
19
Define Femur
femur bone/ thigh bone
Knee
20
What is an example organ for the lymphatic systme
Lymph nodes
Esophagus
Tongue
Tonsils
21
What does 'above, towards head' mean in anatomical direction terms
Lateral
Superior
Inferior
medial
22
What are the 2 major factors of skin color?
Melanin and methemoglobin
Melanin and lucidum
Methemoglobin and spinosum
Wrong, none of these
23
Anterior means front and posterior means back
False
True
24
What is thin skin
Red and Blue
Skin on babies
Everywhere but hands & feet. Contains four layers + hair & oil glands
None of these
25
Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle are all muscle tissues
False
True
26
What are x-rays used for
bone imagining, mammography
oncology
27
PET scans are used for oncology
True
False
28
Your manus is your fingers
True
False
29
What are the four functions of hair?
Both are correct
Guards entrance to ears & nose, sensory function
Protection from UV radiation, temperature regulation
30
The endocrine system conducts long term changes in activities of other organ systems
True
False
31
Define surgical anatomy
Changes overt time
Superficial landmarks
Imaging for the body
Landmarks for surgery
32
Define carpus
Neck
Hand
Wrist
33
Skin = epidermis + dermis
True
False
34
Why do wrinkles occur?
Old age only
Sun light
Happens when the dermis is weakened due to age, hormone change, Uv exposure
All of the above
35
Define axilla
Armpit
Abdomen
36
What is a C.A.T. scan used for?
Bone imaging
Soft tissue (organ) imaging
Ultrasound
Oncology
37
What are the 4 elements that make up 99% of the human body?
Fire, water, air, earth
Hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen
water, proteins, nitrogen, oxygen
Hydrogen, proteins, carbon, lipids
38
Cleavage lines represent directions of dermal fibers; incisions parallel to these lines reduces likelihood of scarring
False
True
39
The Skeletal system supports/protects tissues and organs. Example organ: Bones
True
False
40
The fibers found in connective tissue are collagen, reticular, and elastic
True
False
41
Explain the hypodermis
I dont know
Stores nutrients along with helping insulate the body
con. tissue, not skin, retains heat, contains adipose tissue & blood vessle
only connective tissue used for attachement
42
List in order the levels of organization for structures in the human body
Cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, chemical, organism
Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
43
lateral means away from midline and medial means toward midline
False
True
44
Define dermis
Its tissue
Outer most layer of skin
All of your skin
Thick layer of tissue under epidermis aka "true skin"
45
What is microscopic anatomy?
It is used for chemical experiments
Microscopic is used to look at (ex.) cells & tissues through a microscope
Microscopic anatomy is used for bone imaging
Microscopic you can see with the naked eye
46
List the 6 characteristics of cancer cells
lack differentiation, abnormal nuclei, immortal, form tumors
Red and Yellow
carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, sarcoma, leukemia, lymphoma
ignore growth factors, undergo angiogenesis
47
What is the major function of the integumentary system?
Protects bones
Allows movement
None of the above
To cover surface/protect from environment
48
List and describe the two layers of the dermis
Blue and green are correct
Reticular layer: deep layer
Stratum basal: connects dermis & epidermis Stratum corneum: outer most part
Papillary layer: superficial, formed by loose connective tissue, has nerves
49
The blood supply for skin is 2 interconnected capillary networks supply the dermis & its surrounding tissues
True
False
50
An example organ for the reproductive system would be, male: ovaries and female: testes
True
False
51
Whats the cause of stretch marks?
Breakage of reticular fibers
Weight gain stretching skin
Weight loss showing stretched skin
52
A MRI is used to look at detailed soft tissue and to differentiate normal and abnormal tissues
False
True
53
Which is true about developmental anatomy?
It records changes during illness
Its between species
Its changes over time
54
The 4 molecules that make up the human body are water, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates.
True
False
55
Comparative anatomy is between species
True
False
56
Define Cervicis
Neck
Knee to ankle
57
What are the 6 major functions of connective tissues?
Establish structure, transport & dissolve materials, protect organs
Support/surround connect other tissues, store energy, defend the body
None of these answers
Yellow and green
58
Define inguen
Inner thigh
Trunk separating upper and lower body
59
Surface anatomy is used for superficial landmarks
False
True
60
What are the major functions of epithelial tissue?
Both blue and yellow
Produces secretions
Structure, protection, support, stores energy
Provides physical protection, controls permeability, provides sensation
61
Define Connective tissue
"Stuffing" that gives the body and its organs structure and protection
Apical, lateral, basal
Transports fluid and dissolved materials
62
The organ : Urethra is apart of which organ system?
Urinary
Reproductive
Lymphatic
Digestive
63
Describe nervous tissue
Its a type of connective tisse in the brain
Highly specialized cells that conduct electical signals
Nervous tissue is NOT a type of tissue
64
Epithelial cells must be regenerative due to exposure to environment such as abrasion, pathogens, chemicals
True
False
65
Define the digestive systme
Removes wastes
Processes food and nutrients
66
Define inferior
below, towards feet
near surface
67
What are the characteristics of epithelial tissue?
Only regenerative
Triangle and circle are both correct
arranged in sheets, regenerative
highly cellular, polar, attached to basal lamina, avascular
68
Define antebrachium
Leg
Hand
Forearm
Wrist
69
Systemic anatomy is the study of organ systems
False
True
70
Hair is modified epidermis nourished & supplied by dermal components, keratin that does not shed, found on thin skin
True
False
71
Which is an example organ for the respiratory system
Lungs
Stomach
Brain
Heart
72
What are the different types of membranes
Mucous, serous, cutaneous, synovial
Collagen, reticular, elastic
73
If the organs inside the cavities are wrapped, they are visceral linnings
True
False
74
The epidermis is keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that is organized into 5 distinct layers
False
True
75
What is thick skin
Found only on your palms of hands & soles of feet, consists of 5 layers
It consists of hair and oil glands only
None of these are correct
All over your body
76
What are the five functions of the integumentary system
Production of vitamin D, sensory reception
Protection, physical & immune, temp. reguation, excretion
Thick & thin skin
Blue and yellow are correct
77
Clinical anatomy studies changes during illness
True
False
78
What does radiographic anatomy study
Imaging of living body
Organ systems
All structures in a certain area
Superficial landmarks
79
The nervous system directs immediate responses to stimuli by sending information to organs/systems.
True
False
