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AP Psychology Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Psychology Exam Review
AP Psychology Exam Review
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An extremely difficult quiz
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Answers
1
Which of the following neurotransmitters allows you to have control over your muscles?
Dopamine
Serotonin
Thorazine
Acetylcholine
2
Which is NOT one of the big five personality traits?
Extraversion
Openness
Honesty
Agreeableness
3
A therapist who uses whatever perspective "works best" for the patient is described as...
Humanist
Social-cultural
Functionalist
Eclectic
4
Someone who has an external locus of control is likely to have...
A positive self-concept.
A strong libido.
A high sense of self-efficacy.
A belief in luck.
5
Redirecting unacceptable urges into more acceptable pursuits defines which defense mechanism?
Sublimation
Rationalization
Regression
Denial
6
Psychologists prefer the experimental method to other research methods because...
Experiments result in statistically significant findings.
Experiments can show cause-effect relationships.
It is easier to obtain a random sample.
Experiments are more likely to support hypotheses.
7
In which stage of cognitive development do infants learn object permanence?
Sensorimotor
Formal Operations
Pre-operational
Conventional
8
One of the principal differences between ethical guidelines for human and animal research is...
Humans must be chosen much more carefully than animals.
Conditions for humans must be monitored more closely.
Animals can be placed at much greater risk than humans.
Humans can be deceived for experimental purposes.
9
The balanced physiological state we are driven to attain by satisfying our needs is called...?
Equilibrium
Primary satisfaction
Homeostasis
Self-actualization
10
Weber's Law determines...
Amplitude of sound waves
Just-noticeable difference
Level of subliminal messages
Absolute threshold
11
The cochlea is responsible for...
Transmitting vibrations to the hammer, anvil, and stirrup.
Transforming vibrations into neural signals.
Sending messages to the brain about the body's orientation.
Protecting the surface of the eye.
12
Which of the following concepts is most integral to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory?
Gestalt Theory
The unconscious mind
Structuralism
Behaviorism
13
Which of the following is not an anxiety disorder?
Conversion Disorder
Zoophobia
Panic Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
14
Which statement about bulimia is true?
All bulimics use vomiting to rid their bodies of calories.
Bulimics lose in excess of 15 percent of their body weight.
Bulimics tend to be overly concerned with their body image.
The main cause of bulimia is society's emphasis on thinness.
15
You tense up after hearing scary music during a horror film. In this case, the music is a(n)...
CS
US
UR
CR
16
Which neurotransmitter is affected by opiates?
GABA
Dopamine
Serotonin
Endorphins
17
All of the following people are known for their theories of intelligences, EXCEPT...?
Flynn
Guilford
Thurstone
Gardner
18
Which of the following is an antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia?
Supercalafragalisticspialidocious
Diazopoxide
Flouoxetine (Prozac)
Clozapine
19
The principal difference between a longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study is...
The number of participants involved.
The time span of the study.
The statistical methods employed to evaluate the data.
The developmental stage of the participants.
20
Blindness could result from damage to which cortex and lobe of the brain?
Visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
Visual cortex in the temporal lobe.
Visual cortex in the frontal lobe.
Cerebral cortex in the occipital lobe.
21
Sandy scores a perfect 100 on a test everyone else fails. Graphically, the data would be...
Positively skewed
Negatively skewed
A straight line
Normal
22
Ads are more effective when the communicators are: I. Attractive; II. Famous; III. Experts
I, II, and III
I and II
II and III
II Only
23
If you only had sight in one eye, which of the following depth cues could you NOT use?
Linear perspective
Texture gradient
Interposition
Convergence
24
Which sentence most accurately describes sensory memory?
Decides which memories to encode in long-term memory.
Records all incoming sensations, remembering them forever.
Encodes only sensations we are currently attending to.
Perfectly stores all sensory input for a limited time.
25
According to research, the most advantageous parenting style for children's development is...
Authoritative, because children have justifiable boundaries.
Authoritarian, because children learn boundaries quickly.
Permissive, because children need to explore.
Securely attached, because parents will meet all needs.
26
Which of the following is not one of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences?
Linguistic
Spatial
Musical
Practical
27
Which of the following is an example of a generalized reinforcer?
Chocolate cake
Money
High grades
Applause
28
Which kind of therapist is most likely to analyze a client's dreams?
Humanistic
Behaviorist
Cognitive
Psychoanalytic
29
"Brain plasticity" refers to...
Our adaptability to different problems.
New connections forming to take over for damaged sections.
The brain's ability to regrow damaged neurons.
The surface texture of the cerebral cortex.
30
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
Buying a child a video game after she throws a tantrum.
Going inside to escape a thunderstorm.
Depriving a prison inmate of sleep.
Assigning a student a detention for fighting.
31
Perceived control over a stressful event results in...
Increased arousal.
More frustration regarding the stressful event.
More motivation to solve the stressful problem.
Less reported stress.
32
Which of the following best describes the relationship between sensation and perception?
Sensation is in the senses while perception is in the brain.
Sensation is mechanical, while perception is cognitive.
Sensation detects stimuli, perception interprets stimuli.
Perception is an advanced form of sensation.
33
If a test is reliable, it means that...
It tests what it is supposed to test.
It is given in the same way every time.
It is also valid.
It yields consistent results.
34
Paralysis of the left arm might be explained by a problem in the...
Motor cortex in the parietal lobe in the left hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe of the right hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the occipital lobe in the right hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere.
35
Which reinforcement schedule would most quickly teach a cat to jump through a hoop?
Fixed Interval
Variable Ratio
Continuous
Fixed Ratio
36
In the Milgram studies, the dependent variable was the....
The highest level of shock administered.
The location of the learner.
The number of people in the group.
The specific instructions given by the experimenter.
37
Bipolar is most likely to be treated with...?
Prozac
Lithium
Haloperidol
Valium
38
Theoretically, random assignment should eliminate...
Many confounding variables
Concerns over validity
Sampling error
The need for a representative sample
39
Which of the following is an example of random sampling?
Having a computer generate a random list of 100 students.
Approaching any 50 students during 6th-period lunch.
Picking out of a hat to assign subjects to a condition.
Flipping a coin to assign students to two different tests.
40
Depression is associated with low levels of...
Serotonin
Epinephrine
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
41
Symbolic dream analysis might be used by a psychologist from which perspective?
Psychoanalytic
Behaviorist
Biopsychologist
Structuralist
42
You find a slug on the shed only after it rains. What kind of reinforcement schedule is this?
Fixed Interval
Variable Interval
Continuous
Variable Ratio
43
Wilhelm Wundt used a research methodology called...?
Introspection
Structuralism
Inferential
Naturalistic observation
44
Which of the following is an example of the representativeness heuristic?
Judging a situation by a rule that is usually true.
Making a judgment according to past experiences.
Believing younger people are more likely to start fights.
Solving a problem by breaking it down into smaller parts.
45
In most people, which of the following is a specific function of the left hemisphere?
Spatial reasoning
Producing speech
Control of the left hand
Abstract reasoning
46
Psychologists who draw from several different theoretical perspectives are known as...?
Open-minded
Mixed
Eclectic
Flexible
47
Antidepressant drugs that treat mood disorders affect which type of neurotransmitter?
Endorphins
Adrenaline
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
48
According to the L.A.D theory, language is acquired...
Using an inborn brain wiring to learn language.
Only if instruction is provided in the native language.
Best in the language and culture native to the family.
By parents reinforcing correct language use.
49
Which aspects of hunger are controlled by the lateral and ventromedial hypothalamus?
Contraction and expansion of the stomach.
Body temperature and desire to eat.
The desire to eat and the feeling of fullness.
The binge and purge cycle in bulimics.
50
Juan hears voices that tell him to kill people. Juan is experiencing...
Delusions
Obsessions
Hallucinations
Compulsions
51
Which level of consciousness controls involuntary body processes?
Autonomic level
Nonconscious level
Subconscious level
Unconscious level
52
Who is credited with creating "client-centered" therapy?
Fritz Perls
Carl Rogers
Aaron Beck
Albert Ellis
53
Parental involvement can have dramatic effects on all of the following human traits, EXCEPT...?
Motor development
Reading ability
Self-esteem
Intelligence
54
Night Terrors and Somnambulism usually occur during which stage of sleep?
REM Sleep, but only later in the night.
Stage 4
Stage 1
REM Sleep
55
One of your classmates remarks that "Ryan is all id." What does she likely mean?
Ryan frequently pursues immediate gratification.
Ryan is a highly-ethical person.
Ryan is a perfectionist.
Ryan uses a lot of defense mechanisms.
56
Paul takes a test in the army to see if he would make a good pilot. Such a test is a(n)...?
Aptitude test
Achievement test
Intelligence test
Standardized test
57
Schachter's theory states what about the relationship between emotion & physiological reaction?
Physiological reactions are caused simply by emotions.
A combination of reactions & interpretation causes emotions.
Emotions are caused simply by physiological reactions.
Physiological reactions and emotions occur simultaneously.
58
Which of the following is the best example of a stereotype?
Billy won't let girls play on his hockey team.
Rios gives so much homework that students want to hurt her
Ginny thinks all Latinos are great dancers!
Sally dates only super hairy guys with dark beards.
59
Which of the following two sleep disorders occur most commonly?
Insomnia and Narcolepsy
Sleep Apnea and Insomnia
Night terrors and Sleep Apnea
Sleep Apnea and Narcolepsy
60
According to Erikson's theory, adolescents are primarily concerned in a search for...?
Affection
Career
Identity
Autonomy
61
What is the median of the following distribution: 6, 2, 9, 4, 7, 3?
5
6
4.5
5.5
62
To establish behaviorism as a paradigm of psychology, John Watson relied on the work of...?
Wilhelm Wundt
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
Sigmund Freud
63
Some researchers consider developmental psychology an applied research topic because...
It is more easily applied to people's lives than research.
Pure research is difficult to gain support for.
Researchers apply findings from other areas of psychology.
Original research in this area is difficult.
64
Agonists are psychoactive drugs that...
Mimic neurotransmitters and block their receptor sites.
Produce tolerance to the drug without withdrawal symptoms.
Mimic the same effects as certain neurotransmitters.
Enhance the effects of certain opiates like heroin.
65
Which process involves counterconditioning?
Somatic therapy
Systematic desensitization
ECT
Transference
66
Which of the following attachment styles did Mary Ainsworth find most often in her research?
Authoritative
Authoritarian
Secure
Avoidant
67
Which of the following are reasons why intrinsic motivation might be better than extrinsic?
Intrinsic is higher on Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
Intrinsic might be more enduring.
Intrinsic is easier and more convenient to provide.
Intrinsic is more effective with a wider range of people.
68
All schizophrenics suffer from...
Compulsions
Multiple personalities
Depression
Hallucinations
69
Gate-Control Theory refers to...
Which sensory impulses are transmitted first.
How our minds use either bottom-up or top-down processing.
Which pain messages are perceived.
Blocking sound waves, causing some waves to be undetected.
70
A negative side-effect of ECT is...
Hysteria
Memory loss
Hallucinations
Tardive dyskinesia
71
On a second date, Meg tells Frank that she secretly loves to watch Rugrats. This is called...?
Deindividuation
Open communication
Self-disclosure
In-group bias
72
Which concept from memory directly contradicts the belief that humans never forget anything?
Selective Attention
Constructive Memory
Recovered Memory
Sensory Memory
73
Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory has been criticized for being...
Unscientific and unverifiable
Based on large groups, not individual cases.
Too applicable for research settings.
Appropriate for only female patients.
74
The Flynn Effect is the finding that...
Television has decreased intellectual performance.
Linguistic skills decline with age.
Intelligence seems to increase with every generation.
The more people take a test, the better they tend to score.
75
Generating alternate hypotheses to explain a phenomenon demonstrates which Piagetian stage?
Operational
Abstract reasoning
Formal operations
Syllogistic
76
Which brain scans should be used when studying connections between stimuli and brain processes?
CAT and EKG
EKG and CAT
MRI and CAT
PET and EEG
77
Phonemes and morphemes refer to...
Basic elements of memories stored in long-term memory.
Elements of telegraphic speech toddlers use.
Elements of language.
Two types of influences language has on thought.
78
Which method of therapy is most eclectic?
Psychodynamic
Psychoanalytic
Client-centered
Token economy
79
Which of the following psychologists might have described himself as a humanist?
John Watson
Abraham Maslow
B.F. Skinner
Ivan Pavlov
80
Which approach toward personality is the least deterministic?
Psychoanalytic
Biological
Behaviorist
Humanistic
81
Which of the following is the best analogy for how psychologists view consciousness?
The ignition switch on a car.
The on/off switch on a computer.
A dimmer switch for a light fixture.
A circuit breaker that controls power to a house.
82
Which of the following is most likely to reduce hostility between antagonistic groups?
Force the groups to spend a lot of time together.
Punish the groups whenever they treat each other badly.
Encourage them to avoid each other as much as possible.
Give groups a task that must be solved by working together.
83
Behaviorists explain human thought and behavior as a result of...
Individual choice
Past conditioning
Unconscious behavioral impulses
Biological processes
84
The information-processing theory states that dreams...
Are representations of the information we encode daily.
Are by-products of how our brain processes information.
Occur as the brain deals with daily events during REM sleep.
Occur only after stressful events.
