Which of the following statements regarding a researcher’s use of inferential statistics is true?

A random sample provides a perfect estimate of the population values.

What is "sampling error"?

A discrepancy between the population parameter and the sample statistic.

The null hypothesis can be described as

A statement that there is no difference

A type I error is always made when:

The null hypothesis is rejected when it is true.

Which of the following statements sounds like a null hypothesis?

There is no difference between male and female incomes in the population

The level of significance of a statistical test indicates

Whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis

Inferential statistics are useful for

Determining the probability of something

If researchers report a result is statistically significant, we can be certain that

The researchers failed to accept the null hypothesis.

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Inferential Statistics

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Answers

1
Which of the following statements regarding a researcher’s use of inferential statistics is true?
Several samples are used to obtain good estimate of the population values.
It is best to measure every member of a population if possible.
A random sample provides a perfect estimate of the population values.
DS from a sample are used to estimate the characteristics of the population
2
What is "sampling error"?
Missing or inaccurate values in the sample.
A discrepancy between the population parameter and the sample statistic.
A failure to give everyone in the population a chance to be in the sample.
The inclusion of the same member of the population multiple times.
3
The null hypothesis can be described as
The same as the research hypothesis
A statement of probability
A statement that there is no difference
A statement of the expected results
4
The cutoff the researcher uses to decide whether to reject the null hypothesis is called the:
Both a and b are correct
Probability value
Significance level
Alpha level
5
A type I error is always made when:
The null hypothesis is rejected when it is true.
The null hypothesis is not rejected when it is false.
The research hypothesis is rejected when it is true.
The research hypothesis is not rejected when it is false.
6
Identify which of the following steps would not be included in hypothesis testing.
Eliminate all outliers
State the null and alternative hypotheses
Set the significance level before the research study
Obtain the probability value using a computer program such as SPSS
7
Which of the following statements sounds like a null hypothesis?
There is a correlation in the population
The coin is not fair
There is no difference between male and female incomes in the population
The defendant is guilty
8
A procedures that allow researchers to make inferences about a population based on findings from a sample best describe
Correlational statistics.
Cross-break.
Inferential statistics.
Descriptive statistics.
9
Which of the following is the researcher usually interested in supporting when engaging in hypothesis testing?
The alternative hypothesis
The null hypothesis
Neither the alternative nor null hypothesis
Both the alternative and null hypothesis
10
The level of significance of a statistical test indicates
The chance we are right in accepting the null hypothesis
Whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis
How significant the difference between means is
The chance we are wrong in rejecting the null hypothesis
11
Hypothesis testing and estimation are the two key branches of the field of inferential statistics?
False
True
12
Which statement is the best as a general rule for interpreting the level of significance of a statistical test?
If p < .05, it is significant.
If p > .10, it is marginally significant.
If p < .01, it is non-significant.
If p < .10, it is statistically significant.
13
What error describes a decision to NOT reject the null hypothesis when in fact it should have been?
Type II error
probability error
statistical hypothesis error
Type I error
14
Inferential statistics are useful for
Determining the probability of something
Observing natural behavior
Interviews
Construct validity
15
If researchers report a result is statistically significant, we can be certain that
The researchers failed to accept the null hypothesis.
The outcomes of the study could be due to chance only 5 times in 100.
The results are important.
The sample statistics in the study are equal to the population parameters.

Inferential Statistics Flashcards | StudBud