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Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
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NC Final Exam Review
Flashcards
78 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
The formula MASS divided by VOLUME gives
Specific Gravity
Gradient
Rate
Density
2
If it is summer in the northern hemisphere, which statement is true?
It's winter in the southern hemi due to nutation
It's winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's revolution
Its winter in the southern hemi due to the Earth’s tilt.
It is winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's rotation .
3
Which can lead to the depletion of the ozone layer of Earth?
burning compost
coal-fired power plants
aerosols
vehicle exhaust
4
Which is a major source of AIR pollution created by humans?
reforestation
industrial power plants
nuclear power plants
hydroelectric plants
5
Which is the best example of human impacts on the biosphere?
deforestation
protecting endangered species
hunting
air pollution
6
What chemical has slowly depleted the Ozone layer of the years?
Chloroflourocarbons (CFCs)
industrial runoff into a stream
Monoflourocarbons (MFCs)
Greenhouse Gases
7
Use the diagram to answer the question
P waves can't travel through solids
S waves cannot travel through liquid
P waves travel through liquids only
S waves travel through solids and liquids
8
The most destructive aspect of submarine (underwater) earthquakes is the production of :
hotspots
tsunamis
new crust
ridges
9
Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is called
rock
volcanic ash
magma
lava
10
The most destructive aspect of submarine earthquakes is the production of :
ridges
hotspots
new crust
tsunamis
11
Which gas makes up the largest component of the Earth’s atmosphere?
nitrogen (N2)
argon (Ar)
carbon dioxide (CO2)
oxygen (O2)
12
How can water be an agent for physical/mechanical weathering?
by seeping into soil and dissolving the minerals in rocks
by absorbing sulfur oxides and creating acid precipitation
absorbing gases in the air resulting in a chemical reaction
seeping into cracks of rocks: freeze, expand, break the rock
13
Carbon dioxide and methane cause global warming because they are excellent absorbers of
gamma rays
infrared radiation (heat)
visible light
CFCs
14
The length of an Earth day is determined by the time required for approximately one of
Earth's revolution
Sun's rotation
Earth's rotation
the Moon's revolution
15
Which can help reduce human impacts on the atmosphere?
sustainable farming
using pesticides
traditional farming
burning fossils fuels
16
Which diagram represents a divergent boundary?
B
D
A
C
17
Earth’s outer core and inner core are both inferred to be
the same temperature
composed of a high percentage of iron and nickle
solid
liquid
18
The sun produces energy through nuclear fusion by converting:
helium nuclei into hydrogen nuclei
Oxygen nuclei into carbon dioxide
hydrogen nuclei into a helium nucleus
Oxygen nuclei into nitrogen
19
The place where an earthquake originates is called the
Boundary
Focus
Trench
Epicenter
20
Which structure can form as a result of a divergent plate boundary?
continent volcanic arc, due to the collision of two plates
ocean trench, due to the separation of two plates
continental mountain, due to the collision of two plates
mid-ocean ridge, due to uplift and separation of two plates
21
digging a well along a coastal area will likely result in what?
the destruction of estuaries due to increases in sea level
the loss of water resources in estuaries
saltwater intrusion into aquifers
a decrease in salt concentration in inlet waterways
22
Which results from the unequal heating of the ocean water of Earth? (Poles=Cold, Equator=Warm)
a constant sea level
ocean currents
rising sea levels
tidal patterns
23
Which statement describes the motion of Earth around the sun?
Earth revolves around the sun every 30 days
Speed increases the farther Earth is from the sun .
Earth revolves around the sun every 24 hours
Earth's velocity increases the closer it is to the sun
24
Which agent of erosion leads to the destruction AND formation of sand dunes?
wind
ice
water
gravity
25
The picture below shows a _________ fault?
Reverse
Transform
Normal
Block
26
__________ is evidence of Seafloor Spreading, while Seafloor Spreading is evidence of ________.
Reverse Polarity / Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift
Continental Drift / Plate Tectonics and Reverse Polarity
Plate Tectonics / Reverse Polarity
Magnetic Reversal / Reverse Polarity
27
Scientists can use the time differences between P-waves and S-waves to determine the following:
the magnitude of an earthquake
the intensity of an earthquake
the epicenter of an earthquake
the duration of an earthquake
28
What causes the Earth to have seasons?
the rotation of Earth on its axis
the barycenter of the Sun
the tilt of Earth’s axis
nutation
29
The sun is in what stage of its life cycle?
protostar
red giant
main sequence star
white dwarf
30
How does a STRAIGHT alignment between Earth, the sun, and the moon impact the tides on Earth?
Spring Tide: lowest change in high and low tides
Neap Tide: greatest change in high and low tides
Neap Tide: lowest change in high and low tides
Spring Tide: greatest change in high and low tides.
31
On a topographic map, _____ is measured as the distance above or below sea level
relief
topography
elevation
contour interval
32
This is formed when impermeable rock forces groundwater to move up and flow onto the surface?
a well
an aquifer
a spring
a geyser
33
This illustrates the change in DIRECTION of Earth's tilt every 26,000-27,000 years, known as
nutation
radiation
barycenter
precession
34
Which weather change is most likely indicated by rapidly falling barometric pressure?
Temperature is increasing.
Skies are clearing.
A storm is approaching.
Humidity is decreasing.
35
Which would produce the most severe earthquake damage along the surface ofEarth?
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 2.5
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 4.5
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 2.5
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 4.5
36
The sun's surface is almost 6000 degrees K. Cool areas on the surface are known as
sunspots
prominences
solar flares
convection zones
37
Our solar system is considered to be
socially awkward like Mrs. G
planetocentric (planet in the center)
one of the biggest in the universe
heliocentric (sun in the center)
38
The theory that our universe was created when all matter&energy was sent out from one point is
String Theory
Quantum Physics
Big Bang Theory
Theory of relativity
39
Earth moves fastest when it is closest to the Sun & slowest when farther away is explained by
Copernicus' Laws
Hubble's Law
Galileo's Laws
Kepler's Laws
40
What is the approximate rate of Earth’s rotation?
1 rotation/year
1 rotation/day
1 rotation/hour
1 rotation/month
41
Which events are most closely associated with mountains and volcanoes?
acid rain
geysers
earthquakes
tsunamis
42
Identify
one
process that causes clouds to form on the windward side of a mountain
Warming
Sinking Air
Compression
Rising Air
43
Which of these is likely to occur after moist air is cooled below its dew point?
Evaporation Increases
Wind Forms
Water Condenses
Ice Melts
44
Energy is produced within a star’s core by the process of
Radioactive decay
Conduction
Nuclear Fusion
Insolation
45
Which of these is caused by the rotation of Earth?
Tides
Days and nights
Spring and Fall
A year
46
The layer with the highest amount of Humus (organic material) is known as layer
C
B
O
A
47
Which of the following systems purifies the water you drink?
rainwater treatment
nuclear water treatment
drinking water treatment
wastewater treatment
48
The youngest rocks on the ocean floor are typically located near what feature?
abyssal plain
mid-ocean ridge
a subduction trench
continental shelf
49
Which describes a disadvantage to adding large quantities of sand to stabilize the shoreline.
It creates a wall disrupting the vegetation along coasts.
It causes inland erosion.
It is a short-term solution.
It creates a barrier preventing tides along coastlines.
50
The observation that waves lengthen as objects move away and shorten as they approach is called
Hubble's Law
Copernicus Effect
Kepler's Laws
Doppler Effect
51
Which variable could be changed by the experimenter?
constant variable
dependent variable
independent variable
control variable
52
Which part of Earth’s interior has convection currents that cause tectonic plates to move?
outer core
asthenosphere
inner core
rigid mantle
53
Which is most likely a prevention strategy for flooding?
recycling bottled-water containers
building artificial levees
building waste landfills for metals and other contaminants
reducing water consumption
54
How does heat from the sun get to Earth?
by convection, using liquids and gases to transfer theheat
by conduction, using solids to transfer the heat
as electromagnetic waves through radiation
by absorption, using primary waves to transfer heat
55
Which type of nuclear reaction is used by the Sun?
nuclear fission
nuclear cessation
nuclear disaster
nuclear fusion
56
Which consequence could an exponentially growing human population have ondrinkable water?
It could cause an increase in cases of waterborne diseases.
May cause an increase in amount of H2O available for humans.
It could cause a decrease in needing water for survival.
May cause a decrease in the amount of waste & pollutants.
57
Which fuel source can be used to live more sustainably?
natural gas
biofuels
oil
coal
58
What is the primary function of the clear glass of the greenhouse?
It allows all wavelengths of radiation to enter and escape.
It reduces the amount of insolation entering the greenhouse.
It allows short waves in, but the long waves can't escapes.
It allows long waves to enter, but shortwaves can't escape.
59
The photo below demonstrates the "wobbling" of earth's axis during rotation and is known as
rotation
barycenter
nutation
precession
60
How would you describe the shape of Earth's planetary orbit?
elliptical
spheriod
oblate
random revolution
61
Why is there a full Moon approximately once a month?
the Moon revolves around the Earth once a month
The Moon rotates on its axis once a month.
The moon does not rotate on its axis
the Moon revolves around the Sun once a month
62
Put the following in order - from largest to smallest
Earth, Milky Way galaxy, solar system, universe, Moon
Universe, Milky Way Galaxy, Solar System, Sun, Earth, Moon
Milky Way galaxy, solar system, Earth, universe, Moon
Moon, Earth, sun, solar system, milky way galaxy, universe
63
What is the approximate location of point A?
21oN, 65oE
21oS, 65oE
21oN, 65oW
21oS, 65oW
64
How could the removal of trees and other vegetation impact the LITHOSPHERE?
decreasing oxygen production
increasing soil formation
increasing transpiration
increasing erosion
65
Ocean tides observed at coastal locations each day are primarily caused by
seasonal changes in the compass location of sunrise
the gravitational pull between the Moon, Sun, and Earth
Earth’s revolution around the Sun
Earth's tilt relative to the sun
66
What are humans most directly impacting when they kill off a species of plant or animal?
speciation
rates of weathering
greenhouse effect
biodiversity
67
The seasons of the year on Earth are determined by the ____________.
speed of Earth's rotation
tilt of the Earth's axis relative to the sun
Speed of Earth's revolution
shape of Earth's orbit relative to the sun
68
Which part of the Sun’s electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength?
UV
Radio
Infrared
X-rays
69
On a topographic map, lines spaced far apart indicate
water
steep slopes
gentle slopes
shallow rivers
70
The movement of tectonic plates is inferred by many scientists to be driven by
tidal motions in the hydrosphere
density differences in the troposphere
convection currents in the asthenosphere
solidification in the lithosphere
71
Why are ocean currents important to coastal regions?
They balance air temperatures along coastal regions.
They move warm H2O & nutrients to the surface along coasts.
They produce high and low tides along coastal regions.
Increases rates of precip. as cold water moves up the coast
72
In which atmospheric layer of Earth do thunderstorms occur?
thermosphere
stratosphere
mesosphere
troposphere
73
Why does the moon have a greater effect on the tides than the sun?
the moon is solid while the sun is gaseous
The moon rotates more quickly than the sun
The moon is larger than the sun
The moon is closer than the sun to the Earth
74
In North Carolina, summer is warmer than winter because in summer North Carolina has
more hours of daylight and receives high angle insolation
fewer hours of daylight andreceives high angle insolation
more hours of daylight andreceives low-angle insolation
fewer hours of daylight andreceives low angle insolation
75
What is the source of energy for the sun?
internal combustion
burning of solar gasses
nuclear fission of metals
hydrogen fusion
76
Which is an example of point source pollution?
land development
acid rain
polluted runoff
factory smokestack
77
Which type of renewable energy would work best on NC's coast?
hydroelectric
solar
biofuel
wind
78
A local government is considering building a dam. Which is an advantage of building a dam?
it can improve the natural habitat of plants and animals.
It can reduce erosion
It is cheap, and reliable
Lower air pollution