which statement describes the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles

what relationship exists between amino acids and proteins?

proteins are made up of amino acids

the image shows the amount of structures in an unknown cell. what can can be concluded about the cell?

since the cell has mitochondria and DNA, it must be a eukaryotic cell

which statement best explains why viruses are considered to be nonliving?

they are unable to reproduce independently

what charcteristic of life is this an example of?

living organisms grow and develop over time

what statement is true about nucleic acids.

they store and transmit generic information

which characteristic do viruses share with bacteria?

viruses contain genetic material

the image shows the viral cycle of a bacteriophage. what is occurring in the section of the diagram labeled 5?

the virus is causing the bacterial cell to burst and release viral particle

nerve cells in a chefs hand feel the heat of a pan and causes him to drop it; what is this an example of?

the ability to respond to a stimulus

image shows a virus. which statement could scientists use to prove that viruses are nonliving.

lack materials to build new particles and rely on host cell to provide them

which component of the cell theory was contributed in part by Robert Virchow?

all cells originate from preexisting cells

what contribution did Robert Hooke made to biology based on his observations. (he observed them in cork tissues)

he named the small structures cells

what happens when an organism has more carbohydrates than needed to meet its energy requirements?

the extra energy is converted to fat and stored until needed

what is the primary function of the organelle shown in the image?

repackaging proteins for export from the cell

which correctly matches the scientists with their contributions?

W: Hooke / X: Virchow / Y: Schwann / Z: Schleiden

The HIV virus needs a host to carry out metabolic activities. Which evidence supports that the HIV virus is nonliving?

it lacks food-producing or energy-producing cell organelles

which feature of viruses is the most similar to a feature of living things?

viruses have a way to reproduce new viruses

the image shows a virus and bacterium. how are they similar?

they have DNA not enclosed by a membrane

(read question in image)

they lack enzymes necessary to carry out metabolic reactions

the table shows observations made on different cells. what conclusions can be supported by the observations?

J is an animal cell, K is prokaryotic, L eukaryotic, M is a plant cell

the picture shows a mitochondrion. what would happen if the number of folds were decreased

the amount of ATP produced would decrease

Robert Hooke observed cork slices under a microscope. Which tenet of the cell theory supports his obsevation?

all living things are made of cells

the image shows a type of virus called a bacteriophage. why is a bacteriophage unable to reproduce outside a host cell?

it lacks major cell organelles such as mitochondria and ribosomes

what causes a duck’s feathers to repel water?

lipids called oils form a coating on the feathers

what statement about enzymes is true?

Enzymes have an active site that has a complementary shape to a substrate.

viruses take over the host cell to grow and develop. Why do they depend on host cells for this?

they do not have the organelles necessary for reproduction

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Biology 1st 9wks Exam

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Questions 80

Answers

1
which statement describes the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles
prokaryotic cells have circular DNA inside a nucleus
prokaryotic cells are larger, more complex, and mobile
eukaryotic cells are less complex with fewer organelles
2
which substrate matches the enzyme? (match answer with answer in image)
1
4
2
3
3
what relationship exists between amino acids and proteins?
amino acids form when proteins bond together
amino acids are larger molecules than proteins
proteins are made up of amino acids
proteins and amino acids bind to form lipids
4
the image shows the amount of structures in an unknown cell. what can can be concluded about the cell?
since the cell has a cell membrane and DNA, it cannot be an animal cell
since the cell has mitochondria and DNA, it must be a eukaryotic cell
since the cell lacks chloroplasts, it cannot be a prokaryotic cell
since the cell lacks a cell wall, it must be a plant cell
5
A student lists examples of tissues in the body. Which of these should not be included in the list.
blood
cartilage
heart muscles
small intestine
6
which statement best explains why viruses are considered to be nonliving?
they are only able to be viewed under a microscope
they lack genetic material
they are unable to reproduce independently
they have different types of proteins
7
what charcteristic of life is this an example of?
living organisms grow and develop over time
living organisms consume oxygen to breathe
living organisms are all made of one cell
living organisms pass identical traits on to offspring.
8
what statement is true about nucleic acids.
they store and transmit generic information
they are composed of sugar, glycerol, and nitrogen bases
they serve as the subunits of proteins
they are only found in the nucleus of cells
9
which image represents a prokaryotic cell? (match answer with answer in image)
2
3
4
1
10
what level of organization is formed when similar cells specialized to preform a specific function come together?
system
organsim
organ
tissue
11
over 15 days plant size increases and pebble size stays the same; what charcteristic of life is this an example of?
ability to reproduce
ability to grow
ability to respond to stimuli
ability to move
12
which characteristic do viruses share with bacteria?
viruses are made of cells
viruses grow and develop
viruses contain genetic material
viruses metabolize food for energy
13
the image shows the viral cycle of a bacteriophage. what is occurring in the section of the diagram labeled 5?
the virus is assembling its parts to form an infectious agent
the virus is causing the bacterial cell to burst and release viral particle
the virus is infecting the bacterial cell by entering and injecting its DNA
the virus is using the host cell’s machinery to copy its genetic material
14
which structure represents the highest level of organization in an organism?
rough endoplasmic reticulum
red blood cell
large intestine
heart tissue
15
What is the composition of an organ in a multicellular organism?
a group of organisms
a group of cells
a group of organelles
a group of tissues
16
nerve cells in a chefs hand feel the heat of a pan and causes him to drop it; what is this an example of?
the ability for evolutionary change
the ability to grow and develop
the ability for cells to contain DNA
the ability to respond to a stimulus
17
image shows a virus. which statement could scientists use to prove that viruses are nonliving.
lack materials to build new particles and rely on host cell to provide them
lack layers of protection and will be destroyed by larger molecules
they lack genetic material an have no way to pass on traits
lack methods of autotrophic nutrition and will be able to produce energy
18
which cell organelle is correctly aligned with its function?
ribosome- produces proteins
chloroplast- controls cell function
mitochondrion- stores wastes
cytoplasm- digests old parts
19
based on the list, which characteristic explains why viruses are unable to reproduce on their own?
characteristic 2
characteristic 4
characteristic 3
characteristic 1
20
which component of the cell theory was contributed in part by Robert Virchow?
all cells originate from preexisting cells
all living organisms are made of many cells
all living organisms divide and reproduce
all cells require oxygen to grow
21
which table correctly pairs each organic molecule with its function? (match answer with answer in image)
4
3
2
1
22
what contribution did Robert Hooke made to biology based on his observations. (he observed them in cork tissues)
he named the structures organelles
he stated that every living thing is made up of more than one cell
he named the small structures cells
he stated that all cells come from preexisting cells
23
what cell structures are responsible for providing the energy needed for cell activities?
ribosomes
nuclei
mitochondria
vacuoles
24
what happens when an organism has more carbohydrates than needed to meet its energy requirements?
the organism begins to break down proteins
the organism begins to break down fats
the extra energy is converted to proteins and stored
the extra energy is converted to fat and stored until needed
25
which protein acts as a catalyst to speed up reactions?
hormone
cellulose
steroid
enzymes
26
what organic molecule has phosphate groups, sugar molecules, and nitrogenous based?
carbohydrate
protein
nucleic acids
lipid
27
what is the primary function of the organelle shown in the image?
production of large and small ribosomal subunits
attaching amino acids to tRNA molecules
repackaging proteins for export from the cell
long-term storage of molecules in the cell
28
which correctly matches the scientists with their contributions?
W: Vrichow / X: Hooke / Y: Schleiden / Z: Schwann
W: Schwann / X: Schleiden / Y: Virchow / Z: Hooke
W: Hooke / X: Virchow / Y: Schwann / Z: Schleiden
W: Schleiden / X: Schwann / Y: Hooke / Z: Virchow
29
The HIV virus needs a host to carry out metabolic activities. Which evidence supports that the HIV virus is nonliving?
it has complicated structures
it lacks food-producing or energy-producing cell organelles
it lacks the genetic material needed to create more viruses
it has complicated DNA
30
which feature of viruses is the most similar to a feature of living things?
viruses require host cells in order to be active
viruses do not grow or develop.
viruses have a way to reproduce new viruses
viruses have a basic structure that is not based on cells
31
the image shows a virus and bacterium. how are they similar?
they have flagella for locomotion
they have DNA not enclosed by a membrane
they have organelles for making proteins
they have outer, protective cell membranes
32
(read question in image)
they lack nucleic acids necessary to pass on traits
they lack protection around their genetic materials
they lack the ability to enter host cells
they lack enzymes necessary to carry out metabolic reactions
33
the table shows observations made on different cells. what conclusions can be supported by the observations?
J is eukaryotic, K is prokaryotic, L is an animal cell, M is a plant cell
J is an animal cell, K is eukaryotic, L is a plant cell, M is prokaryotic
J is an animal cell, K is prokaryotic, L eukaryotic, M is a plant cell
J is prokaryotic, K is an animal cell, L is a plant cell, M is prokaryotic
34
the picture shows a mitochondrion. what would happen if the number of folds were decreased
the amount of ATP produced would decrease
the amount of glucose produced would decrease
the amount of ATP produced would increase
the amount of glucose produced would increase
35
Robert Hooke observed cork slices under a microscope. Which tenet of the cell theory supports his obsevation?
all cells contain DNA
Cells in an organsims are different
cells arise from preexsiting cells
all living things are made of cells
36
the diagram shows an animal cell. which labeled part contains DNA that codes for proteins?
S
R
P
Q
37
what is the highest level of organization represented by the kidney? (kidney is shown in picture)
tissue
cell
organ
system
38
how is the composition of an organ best described?
one type of tissue
different types of tissues
one type of cell
similar types of cells
39
the image shows a type of virus called a bacteriophage. why is a bacteriophage unable to reproduce outside a host cell?
a bacteriophage has a highly complicated DNA genome
it lacks major cell organelles such as mitochondria and ribosomes
a bacteriophage is a complex, unicellular organism
a bacteriophage lacks the RNA genome necessary for reproduction
40
what is the most complex level of organization in an organism?
system
organ
tissue
cell
41
what causes a duck’s feathers to repel water?
lipids called enzymes forms a coating on the feathers
lipids called oils form a coating on the feathers
proteins called enzymes formed a coating on the feathers
proteins called oils forms a coating on he feathers
42
which term best decribes the smallest funtional unit of life?
cell
atom
egg
nucleus
43
what statement about enzymes is true?
Enzymes have an active site that binds to a variety of different substrates
Enzymes are not affected by biotic factors in the environment.
Enzymes have an active site that has a complementary shape to a substrate.
Enzymes are not affected by abiotic factors in the environment.
44
viruses take over the host cell to grow and develop. Why do they depend on host cells for this?
viruses can only replicate through meiosis
they do not have any genetic material
they do not have the organelles necessary for reproduction
they can only reproduce by creating a zygote
45
what does this conclude?
viruses are small in size
viruses lack genetic material
viruses are nonliving
viruses lack a nucleus
46
why are viruses unable to preform any metabolic functions independently?
they are found only inside other organisms
they lack genetic material
they are impermeable to nutrients and water
they lack cell organelles
47
the image shows an animal cell. which structures in this cell are also found in prokaryotic cells?
2, 5, and 8
3, 6, and 10
1, 2, and 8
1, 5, and 6
48
in which organelle do the chemical reactions of photosynthesis occur? (match answer with answer in image)
2
1
4
3
49
which organism is prokaryotic? (match answer with answer in image)
3 (fungi)
1 (bacterium)
2 (protist)
4 (plant)
50
what are the two organelles that work together to produce enzymes and proteins for eukaryotic cells?
nucleus and ribosomes
mitochondia and chloroplasts
mitochondia and nucleus
plasma membrane and vacuoles
51
based on the image, which term best completes the concept map?
virus
animal
plant
bacteria
52
what can be inferred by looking at the two graphs?
the enzyme is completely used up at a pH of 9 and a temp of 30
the enzyme becomes inactive at a pH of 7 and a temp of 25
the enzyme works only at a pH of 6 and a temp of 20
the enzyme works best at a pH of 6 and a temp of 20
53
which represents the lowest level of organiziation? (match answer with answer in image)
3
1
2
4
54
what is the best description for the area labeled R?
mitochondria convert energy in glucose into a more usable component
many small vacuoles spread throughout the cell for storage
genetic information as chromosomes is held in the nucleus
chloroplasts contain pigments for the conversion of sunlight to energy
55
what other organelle would be present in large quantities of muscle cells?
ribosomes
chloroplasts
mitochondria
vacuoles
56
which structure is a lipid? (match answer with answer in image)
1
2
3
4
57
which organsism could be considered as nonliving becasue it does not fit the cell theory?
a unicellular algae
a multicellular algae
a prokaryote
a virus
58
which statement is a tenet of the cell theory?
all cells are too small to be seen without a microscope
all plant and animal cells are identical
cells are only made form preexisting cells
cells are only alive if they contain a nucleus
59
phototrophic flowers grow toward the sun. which characterisic of life do phototropic flowers demonstrate?
ability to reproduce
ability to maintain homeostasis
ability to pass traits to offspring
ability to respond to stimuli
60
to which part of the cell theory did Matthias Schleiden contribute? (he found that all plants are made of cells)
all cells arise from preexsiting cells
all organisms are made up of cells
plants have different cell strucutres
plants are composed of only one type of cell
61
what is the correct order from the lowest to the highest organization level?
cell -> heart tissue -> heart -> circulatory system
heart -> cell-> circulatory system -> heart tissue
cell -> circulatory system -> heart -> heart tissue
circulatory system -> cell -> heart -> heart tissue
62
based on the table, which organism is most likely prokaryotic?
organism 1
organism 3
organism 4
organism 2
63
which substances help the body store energy for a longer duration of time?
proteins. they make up most of the body parts
lipids. they have more carbon-hydrogen bonds
carbs. they are large and complex molecules
vitamins. they take longer to digest
64
which statement explains how enzymes work as a catalyst to increase the speed of the reaction?
lowers the activation energy
increases the temperature
changes the structure of the substrate
decreases the concentration of the substrate
65
why type of macromolecules are enzymes?
lipids
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
proteins
66
after watering a table and a plant and keeping them in the sun, the plant grows; what is this an example of?
ability to grow
ability to breathe
ability to move
ability to reproduce
67
a spider and pebbles are given food and water each day: what charcteristic of life is this an example of?
ability to use food for energy
ability to reproduce
ability to pass traits to offspring
ability to move
68
which structure best distinguishes this cell as being eukaryotic?
J
K
M
L
69
based on the graphs, what is the best temperature and pH for the enzyme activity?
59 degrees and a pH of 8
37 degrees and a pH of 10
37 degrees and a pH of 8
59 degrees and a pH of 10
70
for the process of photosynthesis, the arrow labled A would most likely be ponting to what organelle?
the nucleus
the chloroplast
the mitochondria
the cell wall
71
according to the table, which cell is a plant cell?
cell Y
cell W
cell Z
cell X
72
what level of organization does the brain represent.
system
cell
tissue
organ
73
Robert Hooke observed a cork slice and saw structures he named cells. what part of the cell theory came from this?
all energy flow occurs within cells
all organisms are too small to see individual cells
all living organisms are composed of one or more cells
all cells arise from preexisting
74
which characteristic supports the classification of a virus as nonliving?
viruses are too small to be seen with the naked eye
Viruses can only multiply within a living cell
viruses will typically die if their hosts die
viruses lack membrane-bound organelles
75
molecule Y is a member of which class of biological macromolecules?
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
lipids
proteins
76
the image shows a microbe that causes influenza. which other characteristic could be included in the bulleted list?
considered a non-living particle
larger than a prokaryotic cell
reproduces slowly outside of the host’s body
contains mitochondria for energy production
77
how would all the labeled structures working together to preform a function be classified?
system
cell
organ
tissue
78
what evidence would prevent scientist from classifying viruses as living organisms?
some viruses use RNA (not DNA) as genetic material
viruses require a host cell to reproduce
some viruses do not contain proteins or carbohydrates
viruses reproduce asexually
79
plant grows towards the sun; what charcteristic of life is this an example of?
ability to maintain homeostasis
abilty to reproduce
ability to pass traits to offspring
ability to respond to stimuli
80
which organelle is paired properly with its function?
lysosome: transport
ribosome: synthesize proteins
lysosome: reproduction
ribosome: synthesize lipids

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