A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases.

H2O in gums moved out b/c high concen.of salt in solution

A bouquet of white flowers are put in a container of H2O+bluedye and the flower turns Blue HOW?

Cohesion and Adhesion of water molecules

Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein?

The basic components of DNA are the same in human & bacteria

What macro-molecules are involved in the cell (plasma) membrane?

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins

Which statement can be inferred from the evolutionary tree?

Species 5 is most closely related to Species 6.

When an environment has reached its carrying capacity for a certain population, which is true?

Birth and immigration rate is = to death and emigration

Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram?

organisms share a common ancestry.

Which of the following persons would most likely contract the H1N1 virus?

person w/ no vaccine and a weakened immune syst

What does the phopholipid bilayer do for the cell?

creates a semi-permeable membrane, creates a hpydorphilic exterior and hydrophobic interior

Which statement describes a component of the original cell theory that was removed?

Cells form through spontaneous generation.

Drinking early in the first trimesters of pregnancy can be damaging because during this time..

many of the essential organs of the fetus are forming.

In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?

Photosyn used CO2, while cellular respiration produces CO2

Osmosis occurs when a diff. concen. of solute is on each side of the mem. What will happen?

H2O will move into the beaker, resulting in a smaller cell.

Which of the following describes an event that results from mitosis but NOT meiosis?

daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell

What does Independent Assortment and Cross over do for your cells?

It creates different cells by increasing variation

Which is NOT part of Darwin's observations that describes the mechanisms of natural selection?

Disease and natural disaster will limit population growth.

Modifies new polypeptide chains and synthesizes lipids

Cell is permeable to sucrose, glucose, and water but impermeable to starch. Which is correct?

Sucrose will diffuse into the “cell.”

According to this graph, what can you predict about Light Intensity and Photosynthesis?

Too much light at a high intensity can damage chloroplasts

Which of the following phrases best describes cancer?

uncontrolled cell growth caused by mutations

Protists & bacteria are in different kingdoms. What about protists & bacteria is NOT true?

Protists are only heterotrops, bacteria are only autotrophs

What is the relationship between these three structures?

DNA controls the production of protein in the cell.

At what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication occur and why?

before a cell divides,provide 2 cells with full DNA

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A cummulative practice exam for Biology EOC

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Questions 127

Answers

1
Mushrooms are a type of fungus. What characteristic of fungi makes them different from plants?
Fungi have cell walls.
Fungal cells are eukaryotic.
Fungi are multicellular
Fungi are heterotrophic.
2
According to the phylogenetic tree, which organisms are least related to each other?
Trilobita and Insecta
Insecta and Crustacea
Trilobita and Chelicerata
Insecta and Myriapoda
3
A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases.
The saltwater lowers the temperature of the H2O in the gums.
The swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution
H2O in gums moved out b/c high concen.of salt in solution
salt in the solution moved against the concen. gradient
4
What is the correct way to show the scientific name of a lion?
Panthera Leo
panthera leo
Panthera leo
panthera Leo
5
A bouquet of white flowers are put in a container of H2O+bluedye and the flower turns Blue HOW?
Cohesion and Adhesion of water molecules
hydrogen bonds between hydrogen and oxygen molecules
Surface Tension
Specific Heat
6
Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein?
Bacterial cells contain the same organelles as human cells.
Bacterial & human cells contain the same kind of chromosomes
DNA replication in bacteria and humans is the same
The basic components of DNA are the same in human & bacteria
7
1. bacteria 2. viruses 3. eukaryotic 4. prokaryotic Which have membrane-bound organelles?
3 only
4 only
2 & 4
1 & 2
8
B-Black b-white S-short s-long. What is the genotype and phenotype for letter X?
Bbss; black coat, long hair
BBss; black coat, long hair
Bbss; brown coat, long hair
BbSs; black coat, short hair
9
Using the data table, which solution would represent the control in this experiment?
Solution B
Solution C
Solution D
Solution A
10
The name of this process is..
Translation
Translator
Transcription
Transcripts
11
What macro-molecules are involved in the cell (plasma) membrane?
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
12
Which statement can be inferred from the evolutionary tree?
Species 1 is most closely related to Species 8.
Species 5 is most closely related to Species 6.
Species 3 is most closely related to Species 7.
Species 2 is most closely related to Species 3.
13
When an environment has reached its carrying capacity for a certain population, which is true?
Birth and immigration rate is = to death and emigration
Birth rate is exponential
Birth and immigration rate is < death and emigration
Birth and immigration rate is > death and emigration
14
Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram?
organisms belong to the same genus
organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults
organisms are native to the same geographic areas
organisms share a common ancestry.
15
This monomer builds a macromolecule that is responsible for..
composing the majority of the cell membrane
storing energy
storing genetic information
catalyzing
16
Fertilization of the egg most likely occurred in which of the following structures?
A
C
F
D
17
The illustration below shows four lobes of the human brain. What is ?
Temporal
Parietal
Frontal
Occipital
18
Which of the following persons would most likely contract the H1N1 virus?
person w/ no vaccine and a weakened immune syst
person w/ no vaccine but has a normal immune system
person received the vaccine and has a normal immune system
person received the vaccine and has a weakened immune system
19
What does the phopholipid bilayer do for the cell?
allows everything to get into the cell
creates a semi-permeable membrane
creates a hpydorphilic exterior and hydrophobic interior
creates solely a hydrophobic exterior
20
According to the cladogram shown, which organisms are most closely related?
Exosperman and Bubbia
Belliolum and Drinys
Belliolum and Bubbia
Exosperman and Tasmania
21
What is the optimal pH for the enzyme Salivary Amylase?
11
9
2
5
22
Through which structure do the sperm travel to exit the testes?
seminiferous tubules
vas deferens
scrotoum
epididymis
23
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
Prophase
Telophase
Anaphase
Metaphase
24
Which statement describes a component of the original cell theory that was removed?
Cells form through spontaneous generation.
All living things are made of cells.
All cells come from other preexisting cells.
Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life.
25
Which types of organisms developed first due to the early environmental conditions on Earth?
prokaryotic and aerobic
prokaryotic and anaerobic
eukaryotic and anaerobic
eukaryotic and aerobic
26
Drinking early in the first trimesters of pregnancy can be damaging because during this time..
alcohol can easily enter the mouth of the fetus.
the lungs of the fetus become functional
many of the essential organs of the fetus are forming.
the fetus cannot excrete wastes.
27
H+ ions are being pumped from a low concentration to a high concentration. Type of transport
facilitated diffusion
active transport
passive transport
co-transport
28
What is the 2-word naming system that we currently use today to classify organisms called?
Nomenclature Binomics
Binomial nomenclature
Binomial lectures
Binomial Notary
29
Which of these represents a carbohydrate?
4
1
2
3
30
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
Photosyn releases energy, while cell respir stores energy.
Photosyn used CO2, while cellular respiration produces CO2
Cell respir stores ATP, while photosyn releases ATP.
Cell respir produces oxygen, while photosyn uses oxygen.
31
In the Origin of Life Theory, which would need to occur 1st for life to evolve?
formation of the plasma membrane
onset of photosynthesis
Synthesis of organic molecules
origin of genetic material
32
Osmosis occurs when a diff. concen. of solute is on each side of the mem. What will happen?
H2O will move into the cell, resulting in a larger cell.
Salt will move into the beaker, resulting in a smaller cell.
Salt will move into the cell, resulting in a larger cell.
H2O will move into the beaker, resulting in a smaller cell.
33
A pair of calves that have the same parents exhibit some diff. Which explains these variations
dominance
independent assortment
sex linkage
gene linkage
34
Which of the following describes an event that results from mitosis but NOT meiosis?
four daughter cells that are produced from each parent cell
replication of cellular genetic material
daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell
two stages of cell division
35
What does Independent Assortment and Cross over do for your cells?
It makes it harder to reproduce cells
It creates more similar sex cells
It creates different cells by increasing variation
It makes the cells similar so you can identify them
36
Which is NOT part of Darwin's observations that describes the mechanisms of natural selection?
Organisms produce more offspring than can survive.
Organisms with advantages will survive and reproduce
Disease and natural disaster will limit population growth.
Species today descended with modifications from ancestor
37
This is a plant cell. Solar energy is used to produce energy-rich compounds in which structure?
C
B
A
D
38
The diagram below shows a cellular process that occurs in organisms. What is the name of this?
meiosis
phagocytosis
mitosis
enodcytosis
39
Rough ER
Assembly of subunits of ribosomes
Digests, recycles materials
Communication junction between adjoining cells
Modifies new polypeptide chains and synthesizes lipids
40
Cell is permeable to sucrose, glucose, and water but impermeable to starch. Which is correct?
Sucrose will diffuse into the “cell.”
Starch will diffuse out of the “cell.”
There will be no net movement of glucose.
Glucose will diffuse into the “cell.”
41
According to this graph, what can you predict about Light Intensity and Photosynthesis?
Too much light at a high intensity can damage chloroplasts
there is no photosynthesis occuring when in light
light intensity has no effect
The rate of photosynthesis is constant
42
Which of the following phrases best describes cancer?
multiple gene mutations on a chromosome of DNA
uncontrolled cell growth caused by mutations
presence of genetic defects caused by hereditary disorders
absence of cyclins in the DNA
43
Protists & bacteria are in different kingdoms. What about protists & bacteria is NOT true?
Protists are eukaryotes, while bacteria are prokaryotes.
Both protists and bacteria are microorganisms
Protists are only heterotrops, bacteria are only autotrophs
Both protists and bacteria can be motile
44
Which type of reproduction leads to increased genetic variation on a population?
Sexual reproduction
Vegetative reproduction
Parthenogenesis
Asexual reproduction
45
There is an error in the DNA in which molecule?
segment 2 & 3
segment 1 only
segment 2 & 4
segment 3 only
46
If 20% of a DNA sample is made up of thymine, T, what % of the sample is made up of cytosine,C?
15%
50%
35%
30%
47
What is the relationship between these three structures?
Protein is composed of DNA that is stored in the cell.
DNA is made up of proteins that are synthesized in the cell.
The cell is composed only of DNA and protein.
DNA controls the production of protein in the cell.
48
Which of the following macromolecules are part of animal tissues that insulate/conserve heat?
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
Carbohydrates
49
Cell walls of fungi are composed of…
Cellulose
Glucose
Adipose
Chitin
50
At what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication occur and why?
during cell division, so that DNA will fit into the cells
before a cell divides, so that the DNA will fit into cells
after a cell divides, gives 2 cells a complete set of DNA
before a cell divides,provide 2 cells with full DNA
51
What is the name of the attachment point between sister chromatids in a chromosome?
Centrioles
Spindle
Membranes
Centromere
52
Which choice describes DNA after replication has taken place?
two molecules, each with one original and one new strand
two molecules, each with two old strands
one molecule=2 original strands & one molecule=2 new strands
two molecules, each with two new strands
53
Which structure is represented by the letter D?
epididymus
tested
prostate gland
scrotum
54
Which of the following phases of mitosis is represented by the diagram?
Telophase
Metaphase
Prophase
Anaphase
55
Muscle cells obtain energy to perform movement. How do muscle cells differ from other cells?
muscle cell have a larger golgi apparatus than other cells
muscle cell have more endoplasmic reticulum than other cells
muscle cell would have more mitochondria than other cells
muscle cell have larger centrioles than the other cells
56
Shows a pedigree for a sex linked recessive disorder. What is the genotype of individual 6?
XH Y
XH Xh
XH XH
Xh Y
57
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
Anaphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Telophase
58
The original sequence was ACG and the new sequence is ACA. Will this change the phenotype?
No, even though it changed it has the same A.A
yes, due to new A.A
It is impossible to determine
yes, because any change will change the phenotype
59
Particles moving from high to low concentration & using a carrier protein. Type of Transport?
active transport
simple diffusion
simple osmosis
facilitated diffusion
60
“Cell” is permeable to water only & has 0.3M glucose and environ. has 0.1M glucose, whats true?
would be a net movement of water out of the “cell.”
would be a net movement of water into the “cell.”
The “cell” will decrease in volume
Glucose will enter the “cell.”
61
How many amino acids are coded for by this segment? 5' ATCAGCGCTGGC 3'
12
4
20
8
62
Hemophilia is sex-linked/recessive- Man w/o hemophilia X woman who is a carrier. Which is true?
None of their daughters will have hemophilia.
50% chance that their daughters will have hemophilia.
Each of their sons will have hemophilia.
Their sons have a 25% chance of having hemophilia.
63
A plant lives in area with limited sunlight. Which adaptation would be most useful to plant?
large leaves
deep roots
colorful flowers
thin cuticle
64
Based on the info in the cladogram below, which trait would be observed in ray-finned fish?
amniotic egg
hair
four limbs
bony skeleton
65
Fertilization and Pregnancy: State the stages of development in order.
Blastocyst-> Zygote-> Embryo-> Baby
Zygote-> Blastocyst-> Baby-> Embryo
Zygote-> Blastocyst-> Embryo-> Baby
Baby-> Embryo-> Blastocyst-> Zygote
66
Which of the following describes the main benefit of completing The Human Genome Project?
Cloning humans
Identifying genetically-based diseases
Patenting specific human genes
Designing new human genes
67
Which line on the graph represents a catalyzed reaction?
blue
red
Both red and blue
non of the above
68
Which explains why cells that contained mitochondria-like organ. had an evolutionary advantage?
They were able to photosynthesize
They had more DNA
They were immune to bacterial invasion.
They were able to make more use of available energy
69
Mitochondrion
Cell respiration
Digests and recycles materials
Photosynthesis
Stucturally supports and gives shape to the cell
70
Which organelle is the site where amino acids are synthesized into proteins?
1
4
3
2
71
Why can't living cells use heat to provide the activation energy for their reactions?
At high heat, proteins and cell can lose their function
Heat doesn't provide activationenergy for reactions
Heatis not readily available to all living cells
Heat at excessive amounts denatures proteins
72
Central Vacuole
ATP formation
Modifies and packs lipids to ship out
only found in plant cells for storage of waste and water
Proteins synthesis
73
Water stuck to the windshield is an example of what?
Adhesion
Viscosity
Covalent bonding
Cohesion
74
Plant 2 produced asexually from Plant 1. Plant 1 has 56 chromosomes, how many chromosomes in 2?
28
14
56
112
75
Which of the following is NOT one of water's special properties?
Density Anomally- less dense as a solid
High Surface Tension
High Viscosity
High Specific Heat Capacity
76
In this image you see DNA and its nucleotides; How do RNA nucleotides differ?
They contain Uracil instead of Thymine
They contain ATCG
They are magical
They are the same
77
Which of the following is a likely explanation for the change in the mullet population?
the temperature of the area increased
the amount of aquatic plants in the area decreased
mullet prey increased in the area
mullet parasites decreased in the area
78
What is something this type of cell has in common with all other cells?
Ribosomes
Cell Wall
Membrane-Bound organelles
A nucleus
79
What can you conclude about the effect of the concentration of carbon on photosynthesis?
photosyn increases w/ increased CO2 from point A to B
photosynthsis doesnt use CO2, it uses O2
Photosynthesis increases along point c
photosynthsis will increase constantly with increased CO2
80
If the xylem in a young tree is damaged, which process is FIRST affected?
transporting sugar to the roots
performing photosynthesis
absorbing water from the soil
transporting water to the leaves
81
Both lipids and carbohydrates are important in animal cells because both –
Store Energy
Provide Insulation
Form Cell walls
Contain Nitrogen
82
Which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function?
vacuole- cell division
nucleus- storage of nutrients
ribosome- protein synthesis
mitochondria- movement
83
The individuality of an organism is determined by the
number of amino acids in a cell
position of the ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
sequence of nitrogenous bases in deoxyribonucleic acid
number of nitrogenous bases in a codon
84
How does comparing the skeletons of these animals provide support for the theory of evolution?
provides information to determine the organisms' ages
shows possible chromosomal similarities
shows possible common ancestry between
provides information about the organisms' habitats
85
Which of the following is true of a zygote?
It is made up of only one cell
It is an unfertilized egg
It produces haploid male gametophytes
It forms into a blastocyst
86
Which of the following identifies the process shown at point Z?
Translation
Translocation
Transcription
Replication
87
What controls movement of materials in/out of cell and contains a double layer of phospholipid?
Nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cell wall
Cell membrane
88
After the vaccine is administered, what response to the vaccine is triggered in the body?
Production of antibodies providing active immunity.
Production of temporary resistance to the disease.
Absorption of histamines throughout the body.
Secretion of antigens by lymphocytes.
89
Homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Which correctly describes the process?
crossing-over in which alleles are exchanged
segregation of sister chromatid
condensation and segregation of alleles
mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered
90
Red blood cells allow H2O, CO2, & O2 in/out, other substances are blocked, the membrane is...
perforated
non-conductive
semi-permeable
permeable
91
Which structure is represented by the letter A in the diagram above?
the sepal, a modified leaf used for protection of the flower
the pistol, a female structure that collect pollen for ovary
the petals, decorative structures which attract pollinators
the stamen, a male structure which produces pollen
92
A specific type of cell is being studied, the cell contains a nucleus & cell wall. this is a..
Eukaryotic plant cell
Prokaryotic Animal cell
Prokaryotic bacteria cell
Eukaryotis bacteria cell
93
Which process do the animals in the food web use to convert energy from food into ATP?
cell respiration
transcription
photosynthesis
osmosis
94
There are similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Which structure is in both?
Mitochondria
Ribosome
Nucleus
Lysome
95
Which explains how the stomata of a leaf is used in processes that occur in plants?
CO2 enerts plant through the stomata for cell reproduction
Gases in photosyn. are exchanged through the stomata
Energy for cellular reproduction is absorbed through stomata
Water enters at the surface of the leaf for transpiration
96
Which row in the chart below indicates the correct process for each event indicated?
Row 1
Row 4
Row 2
Row 3
97
Tall= dominant . 2 heterozygous tall plants crossed, what % of offspring expected to be tall?
25%
50%
100%
75%
98
Plant cells that are specialized for cell division are found in what part of the plant?
root tips
leaf epidermis
stem epidermis
vascular tissue
99
Which type(s) of cells have genetic material that is contained in a nucleus?
animals only
plants only
bacteria
both plant and animal cells
100
Nucleolus
Packs/ships lipids to export for insertion into the membrane
Assembly of sub-units of ribosomes
Controls the sustances going inside and out of the cell
protein Synthesis
101
What are the results of this process?
2 of the same molecules
Mitotic diploid cells
One molcule that is half of the other
2 molecules that differ
102
How do human diseases caused by bacteria and diseases caused by viruses react to antibiotics?
Neither responds to antibiotics
Both respond to antibiotics.
Viruses respond to antibiotics; bacteria don't
Bacteria respond to antibiotics; viruses dont.
103
Which is not a statement of the cell theory?
All living things are made of cells
Cells are the basic unit of life
cells come from other preexisting cells
Cells are formed by spontaneous gen
104
Which of the following describes why the Miller-Urey theory is widely accepted today?
Synthesizing organic molecules from mixture of gases in lab
No other alternative hypotheses have been introduced
Amino acids spontaneously form from molecules in the atmosph
Organic molecules are present today in extremely high #s
105
How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis related, in terms of energy?
energy transformed in cell respir. is used to power photosyn
Energy is not involved in either
Photosyn and respir perform the same task in terms of energy
energy captured in photosyn. is used to power cell respir
106
A small portion of the population that is geographically isolated from the rest of the pop....
Mutation Rate
Natural Selection
Genetic Variation
Genetic Drift
107
Species X produces CO2 and H2O. Species Y produces ethyl alcohol and CO2.
Only species Y is aerobic.
Only species Y is anaerobic.
Both species X and Y are aerobic
Both species X and Y are anaerobic
108
What phase does Cross-Over occur?
Prophase- mitosis
Metaphase- Mitosis
Mitosis 1- Meiosis 1
Prophase 1 Meiosis 1
109
In pure water, animal cells swell/burst, plants will not. What is responsible for difference?
cell wall
mitochondrion
cell membrane
nucleus
110
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
Anaphase
Metaphase
Prophase
Telophase
111
What function does ATP carry out in living things?
used to capture and transfer energy
identifies DNA start sequences for transcription
helps maintain the fluidity of cell membranes
aids in protein folding and coiling
112
This is a(n)
amino acid
Ribosome
Polypeptide chain
protein
113
The cambium (xylem/phloem) of a plant was damaged, what would be the most likely effect?
the plant would have uncontrolled growth
The plant would lose its ability to carry out photosynthesis
plant would not experience any change in physiology
plant would not be able to transport nutrients and water
114
Which statement below most closely explains the link between jaw size and hominid evolution?
jaws of hominids evolved to be larger and more protruding
jaws changed over time due to change in brain size
jaws of hominids evolved to be smaller and less protruding
There appears to be no change in the jaws of hominids
115
which inference can most likely be made about the cardiovascular systems of Patient A and B?
Patient A should hydrate with water to increase blood volume
Patient A’s blood is quickly circulating=HIGH Blood Pressure
Patient B should increase salt intake to decrease blood vol.
Patient B’s blood is quickly circulating=HIGH Blood Pressure
116
What do you call it when molecules move from a high to low concentration?
active transport
exotyosis
endocytosis
passive transport
117
Chloroplasts...
photograph
photo bomb
photosynthesis
plant cell
118
Which set of parents can most likely produce a child with type O blood?
parent homozygous type A X parent with homozygous type B
parent with type AB blood X other parent with type O blood
parent with type AB blood X other parent with type A blood
one parent heterozygous type A X other parent type O blood
119
If a cell’s lysosomes were damaged, which of the following would most likely occur?
cell is less able to regulate amount of fluid in cytoplasm.
cell would be less able to breakdown molecules in cytoplasm.
cell would produce more proteins than it needs.
cell would have chloroplasts that appear yellow not green.
120
Which statement describes one of the factors affecting blood flow and its effect on blood flow?
red blood cells change to a crescent shape- fast blood flow
low blood pH decreases the rate of diffusion- slow flow
narrowing of blood vessels increases pressure- faster flow
high viscosity of blood- increased resistance and slow flow
121
Lyosome-Like Vesicle
Digests, recycles materials with enzymes
Makes lipids, degrades fats, and inactivates toxins
Organizes and moves internal parts of the cell
Photosynthesis
122
What is the name of the structures responsible for generating the spindle fibers?
Hot funky chocolates
Membranes
Centrioles
Centromeres
123
Which statement describes the role of flowers in plant survival?
Flowers contain cells that produce gametes.
Flowers can absorb carbon dioxide for sugar production
Flowers contain cells that carry out photosynthesis.
Flowers produce oxygen through cellular respiration.
124
Which is likely responsible for changes that led to larger size, strength, & speed in horses?
Evolution by natural selection
Inbreeding
Mirgation
Commensalism
125
Biochemical substances in the human body are maintained at about a neutral pH except for the -
Blood
Internal Material of living cells- cytoplasm
Lymph nodes
Stomach Fluids
126
This is an animal cell, what is the one organelle this cell has that others do not?
Chloroplasts
Centrioles
Centromeres
Mitochondria
127
Which of the following is a disadvantage of genetic screening?
results could be used to determine inheritance patterns
child having an inheritable disease can be predicted
Insurance companies drop patient’s coverage based med issue
doctor could combine a patient’s current symptom to diagnose

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