How did Adrian Willaert set Petrarch’s lines "harsh and savage heart" and "sweet, humble, angelic face"?

with alternately harsh and sweet harmonies and textures

a polyphonic chorale setting using techniques of Franco-Flemish composers

How do the chansons of Ockeghem and Busnoys differ from earlier examples?

There is increased use of imitation.

Why did Jean Calvin believe that the entire congregation should sing psalms?

He thought singing music could encourage prayer and worship.

the top voices are written & middle voice parallels the top a 4th below

What was Du Fay’s relationship to the isorhythmic motet?

It was a century old, & composers only used the style on solemn occasions

How did Palestrina usually treat dissonance?

Dissonance usually occurs between beats & is prepared and resolves stepwise

In an imitation mass, what material is borrowed?

all voices of a polyphonic work

What was one thing about madrigals that greatly impacted future genres?

shaping all aspects of the music to express the text

What is one innovative characteristic of Ave Maria . . . virgo serena?

paraphrases of the source melody in all voices, suffusing the texture

How does Du Fay’s Se la face ay pale reflect English influence?

equality of the tenor and cantus

How did Palestrina use texture to achieve variety in the Pope Marcellus Mass?

Each phrase included a different combination of voices than the one before

The earliest chorales were

monophonic, unaccompanied, and strophic.

What are metrical psalms?

vernacular, rhymed translations of psalms recast as metric and strophic

The music of Sephardic Jews

shows the influence of Arabic music.

What is the technique known as paraphrase?

a chant melody is ornamented and given a rhythm

In the English carol, a burden is

a refrain sung at the beginning of the song and repeated after each stanza

Which of the following was a way that fifteenth-century composers established coherence between mass movements?

basing each movement on the existing chant for that movement

What does Josquin’s immense popularity reveal to us about musical life during his time?

interest in the individual artist was growing during this time

Which of the following aptly describes the typical midcentury madrigal?

5 voice with frequent alternations in homophony, imitation & free polyphony

How was Martin Luther’s approach influenced by humanism?

encouraged him to depend on logic& personal experience instead of authority

In the motets of Orlande de Lassus, what determines the form?

the composer’s interpretation of the text

In polyphonic English music, what was faburden? (pick two)

3 voice polyphonic mass w/ plainchant in the middle voice, one voice a fourth above the chant, and another voice a third below

What qualities about English music influenced Burgundian composers?

prolific harmonic thirds and sixths, often in parallel motion

The Church of England

blends elements of Catholicism and Protestantism

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Music History Exam 2

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Questions 77

Answers

1
How did Adrian Willaert set Petrarch’s lines "harsh and savage heart" and "sweet, humble, angelic face"?
only with sweet sounds, belying the narrator's true feelings of love
by layering imitation upon imitation for compositional dexterity
with alternately harsh and sweet harmonies and textures
as the refrain, with a catchy, memorable tune
2
A chorale motet is
a chorale that incorporates more than one text.
a polyphonic chorale setting using techniques of Franco-Flemish composers
a chorale that uses as its source a line of a Franco-Flemish motet.
an isorhythmic chorale.
3
Luther’s Ein feste Burg is
based on a German devotional song.
a newly composed melody.
adapted from Catholic chant.
a contrafactum.
4
What was the most common way for Ockeghem and Busnoys to structure a mass?
with mottos
with a cactus firmus
with plainsong
with isorhythm
5
How do the chansons of Ockeghem and Busnoys differ from earlier examples?
The dominant sonorities are fourths and fifths.
There is increased use of imitation.
The contratenor dominates the texture more.
They do not use the formes fixes.
6
Where did midcentury madrigalist Cipriano de Rore work?
the Vatican
in Florence for the Borgia family
St. Mark's Venice
at the Parisian court
7
Which Italian genre of music contained "fa-la-la" refrains?
villanella
madrigal
balletto
canzonetta
8
Why did Jean Calvin believe that the entire congregation should sing psalms?
He thought the congregation might lose interest
He thought singing music could encourage prayer and worship.
He thought it would make the music sound better.
He thought it would help the congregation to learn Latin.
9
The leading German composer of the late Renaissance was
Martin Luther
Henricus Isaac
Hans Leo Hassler
Walther von der Vogelweide
10
In fauxbourdon
the top voices are written & middle voice parallels the top a 4th below
only 1 voice is written & 1 voice sings in parallel motion a 4th above
composers mimicked the English faburden but notated all parts.
composers wrote musical tricks into their scores.
11
What was Du Fay’s relationship to the isorhythmic motet?
A certain body of works continued to be performed, but weren't written
Du Fay wrote many isorhythmic motets and the tradition flourished.
It was a century old and terribly out of fashion by his time.
It was a century old, & composers only used the style on solemn occasions
12
What is hemiola?
the third-dominated harmonic idioms of the fifteenth century
the most famous Burgundian composer
a new voice in Burgundian chansons
three notes in the time of two
13
How did Palestrina usually treat dissonance?
Dissonance usually occurs between beats & is prepared and resolves stepwise
He used dissonance as predominant chords only at cadences.
with the recommendations of the Council of Trent,Palestrina avoided diss.
Palestrina increased the harmonic palette available to composers,
14
In an imitation mass, what material is borrowed?
a melody that can be chant or another source, such as a popular song
all voices of a polyphonic work
the tenor line and fragments of other voices of a polyphonic work
a chant melody
15
What was one thing about madrigals that greatly impacted future genres?
the development of the refrain
homophonic textures
shaping all aspects of the music to express the text
use of the sonnet
16
In what context were polyphonic psalms in the early Calvinist church performed?
at high celebration days such as Easter and Christmas
at home or informal gatherings
on Sundays
in closed-door meetings of the clergy
17
What is 1 composition technique,previously forbidden,employed by midcentury& later mads for the purpose of text express.
direct chromatic motion
complicated rhythms using hockets and syncopation
using deeply expressive poems from secular sources
thick, free polyphony that was not imitative
18
For how many voices were most polyphonic vocal compositions of the mid-fifteenth century written?
two
three
four
five
19
What is one innovative characteristic of Ave Maria . . . virgo serena?
paraphrases of the source melody in all voices, suffusing the texture
imitation between more than two voices
Italian-language poetry
long, elided phrases, such that the music sounds continuous
20
John Dunstable worked
as a priest in a church.
at a printing press.
as an itinerant musician.
for royalty and nobility.
21
What two sentiments did Petrarch seek in his poetry?
awe and sublimity
grace and resolve
courtly love and piety
pleasingness and severity
22
Who was the principal composer of the early madrigal?
Claudio Monteverdi
Philippe Verdelot
Maddalena Casulana
Cipriano de Rore
23
The first polyphonic vocal work published in the Americas was produced in
Cuba
The United States
Mexico
Peru
24
How does Du Fay’s Se la face ay pale reflect English influence?
formes fixes
smooth vocal melodies
equality of the tenor and cantus
cantus firmus
25
How did Palestrina use texture to achieve variety in the Pope Marcellus Mass?
Palestrina's counterpoint varied between imitation& free counterpoint
Each phrase included a different combination of voices than the one before
He frequently alternated between closed and open intervals to provide space
The music alternated frequently between poly, heter, homo and monophony
26
Who was among the most well-known composers in the generation after Du Fay?
John Dunstable
Gilles Binchois
Josquin Des Prez
Jean de Ockeghem
27
The earliest chorales were
strophic and heterophonic.
accompanied by an organ.
strophic in four-part harmony.
monophonic, unaccompanied, and strophic.
28
What is a principal form of Anglican music that developed in the sixteenth century?
the chorale
the metrical psalm
the chorale motet
the anthem
29
What are metrical psalms?
a motet sung in the vernacular
vernacular, rhymed translations of psalms recast as metric and strophic
a certain set of psalms from the Bible that follow poetic meter
congregational hymns based on a metric, rhymed, strophic poem
30
The first book published in British North America was the
Lutheran hymnal.
Bay Psalm Book.
Book of Common Prayer.
King James Bible.
31
How does Du Fay’s Resvellies vous reflect French musical traditions?
smooth vocal melodies
syllabic text-setting
prolific thirds
ballade form
32
The music of Sephardic Jews
was influenced by the Orthodox church.
shows the influence of Arabic music.
contains similarities to German Minnelieder.
borrows from Gregorian chant.
33
What is the technique known as paraphrase?
a chant melody is ornamented and given a rhythm
composers commenting on the work of others by modifying their work
quotations of an existing work serve as cantus firmus
a chant melody used in nontraditional contexts, such as dance music
34
Which of the following is associated with the Reformation?
Judaism
the Calvinist movement
the Methodist movement
the Greek Orthodox Church
35
In the English carol, a burden is
a series of nonsense syllables.
a section of third-dominated harmony.
a refrain sung at the beginning of the song and repeated after each stanza
the act of singing in parallel fourths above and thirds below.
36
In fifteenth-century chansons, what was the most common form?
rondeau
isorhythmic
ballade
virelai
37
Who was the most famous Burgundian composer of the fifteenth century?
Josquin des Prez
Gilles Binchois
Guillaume Du Fay
John Dunstable
38
Which of the following was a way that fifteenth-century composers established coherence between mass movements?
writing all movements in the same key
basing each movement on the existing chant for that movement
using text by the same Renaissance poet
39
What is the most common form of Ockeghem’s and Busnoys’s chansons?
virelai
isorhythmic
rondeau
cantus firmus
40
How was Ockeghem employed?
at the French royal court
by an Italian noble patron
as a freelane musician
at a public theater
41
What does Josquin’s immense popularity reveal to us about musical life during his time?
There was less interest in the emotional power & more interest in achievem
interest in the individual artist was growing during this time
Technology was improving such that Josquin could tour to support his fame.
Music was improving, to the point that a truly great composer emerged
42
Which of the following aptly describes the typical midcentury madrigal?
They were for 5 or 6 voices & employed striking harmonic launguage & shifts
5 voice with frequent alternations in homophony, imitation & free polyphony
4 voices & homophonic, with occasional deviations in texture for expression
They were strophic and homophonic
43
One poet whose texts were frequently used in the madrigal was
Francesco Petrarca
Leonardo da Vinci.
Dante
Giovanni Boccaccio.
44
How was Martin Luther’s approach influenced by humanism?
It taught him to support the sale of indulgences by the Catholic Church.
It taught him that following Catholic doctrinewas necessary for ab. of sin
It encouraged him to trust the clergy and their role
encouraged him to depend on logic& personal experience instead of authority
45
In the motets of Orlande de Lassus, what determines the form?
the composer’s interpretation of the text
the borrowed cantus firmus
the poetic meter of the text
polyphonic devices such as paraphrase and imitation
46
What was the most readily available way for women to win renown in music in the sixteenth century?
as singers
as performers of socially appropriate instruments like the virginal
as publishers
as composers
47
In the fifteenth century, Burgundian composers Guillaume Du Fay and Gilles Binchois were notably influenced by
Guillaume de Machaut.
Jean de Ockeghem.
Francesco Landini.
John Dunstable.
48
In polyphonic English music, what was faburden? (pick two)
Three voice polyphonic music with plainchant in the upper voice
3 voice polyphonic mass w/ plainchant in the middle voice
one voice a fourth above the chant, and another voice a third below
once voice a third below and another voice a fourth below
49
What qualities about English music influenced Burgundian composers?
avoidance of 3rds & 6ths & a return to textures dominated by 4th, 5th, 8th
cantus firmus mass settings
rhythmic complexity, particularly syncopation
prolific harmonic thirds and sixths, often in parallel motion
50
The communication of the emotions or mood of a text is
text declamation
text expression
text delineation
text depiction
51
The Church of England
blends elements of Catholicism and Protestantism
continues all of the traditions of the Catholic Church,with monarch as head
represents more of a break with Catholic traditions than Luther. or Calvin
52
The typical Italian madrigal
is through-composed
contains vocables
contains several verses and refrains
is in bar form
53
What was a motet in the fifteenth century?
a polytextual work with a cantus firmus that could be sacred or secular
a polyphonic setting of a liturgical Latin text
a sacred composition in vernacular languages
a discant clausula with text added to the upper parts
54
What are secular songs that are given new words called?
contrafacta
metrical psalms
psalters
anthems
55
What is one choice made by Luther that impacted music of the Lutheran church?
He made music as difficult to sing as possible, in order to please God.
He banned Catholic music.
He prohibited the congregation from singing.
He increased the use of the vernacular.
56
How was Adrian Willaert’s work impacted by the humanist movement?
He explored logic and mathematical equations in his music.
He fit the music to the accentuation and punctuation of a text.
He chose texts that focused on human experience.
He professed strict adherence to received church wisdom in his music.
57
What is a madrigalism?
a veiled allusion to sex in a musical work
a work that involves more than four voices
a flashy, extreme show of virtuosity
word-painting that is a close representation of the text
58
What is the cantus firmus of Ockeghem’s Missa De plus en plus?
Machuat's Messe de Nostre Dame
a chant setting of the Mass Ordinary
a motet by de Vitry
a chanson by Binchois
59
Published collections of psalms were known as
hymnals
psalm books
psalm usualis
psalters
60
What is a cantus-firmus mass?
a mass movement that uses the cantus firmus of an older, respected motet
a mass in which the cantus firmus must be added, as in fauxbourdon
a mass that contains cantus firmi in all movements but is not the same
a mass in which each movement contains the same cantus firmus
61
What is one ramification of the Council of Trent on music?
All polyphony was banned.
The Mass was now performed in the vernacular.
All but four sequences were banned.
Catholic congregations began singing psalms.
62
Who was among the most prominent lute song composers?
John Dowland
Nicholas Yonge
Thomas Weelkes
Thomas Morley
63
What is one important way that the Italian madrigal became fashionable in England?
A new public entertainment sphere arose first & most prominently in England
A war between Florence and Ferrara created refugee communities in England.
A collection of Italian madrigals translated into English was published.
The king, competing with southern powers, hired several Italian mads
64
Most of Tomás Luis de Victoria’s masses, like Missa O magnum mysterium, are
paraphrase masses.
cantus-firmus masses.
imitation masses.
free polyphony.
65
In his treatise Le istitutioni harmoniche, what emotions does Gioseffo Zarlino believe major thirds and major sixths com
grief and sorrow
harshness and bitterness
love and devotion
happiness and contentment
66
How does a paraphrase mass differ from an imitation mass?
A monophonic work is borrowed in an imitation mass.
Each movement of an imitation mass is based on an existing chant for text
All voices of a polyphonic work are borrowed in an imitation mass.
A monophonic melody is paraphrased in all voices in an imitation mass.
67
How many voices are in Josquin’s Faulte d’argent?
four
six
five
three
68
Why is it difficult to speak of a unified "Lassus style"?
because he wrote in varying styles and idioms
because musicologists find the notation he used difficult
because he so singularly followed the edicts of the Council of Trent
because it is difficult to know definitively which works are his
69
Who is among the later madrigalists?
Cipriano de Rore
Nicola Vicentino
Giovanni Giacomo Gastoldi
Carlo Gesualdo
70
What is one development in mass composition in the fifteenth century?
cohesive settings of the Mass Ordinary
invention of the motet
invention of the cantus firmus
cohesive settings of the Mass Proper
71
Which of the following is a hallmark of Ockeghem’s style?
a continuous flow that is the result of long phrases and elided cadences
a departure from cantus-firmus mass structures
clearer melodic lines and more homophony
less imitation than the music of Du Fay
72
What was the relationship between the works of chanson composers of Josquin’s generation to the formes fixes?
Composers embraced the older trad. as a way of clarifying textural problems
While rondeau form remained popular; virelai & ballade form were critiqued
Composers virtually abandoned the formes fixes.
While rondeau and virelai fell out of favor, ballade form remained popular
73
How did William Byrd write liturgical Catholic music in the 1590s?
He did so in secret.
He was permitted a small quota of Catholic compositions under Elizabeth I.
He was encouraged then, under Queen Mary.
He published under pseudonyms abroad.
74
How did the vocal parts of Ockeghem’s masses compare to those of Du Fay?
While Du Fay’s masses often had 4 voices, Ockeghem’s more typically had 6
Most had the same amount of voices, but rates of voices are smaller In Ock.
Most had the same amount of voices, but the ranges of voices are expanded
Du Fay's lower voices had expanded ranges, Ock. had large upper voice range
75
How were the most popular chansons by Ockeghem and Busnoys treated as they were disseminated?
They were adapted for performance, never borrowed, in honor of copyright
They were freely altered, rearranged, and transcribed for instruments
they were treated with reverence and rarely altered
They were largely disseminated vocally
76
How does Binchois’s De plus en plus reflect English influence?
The use of triadic skips.
The use of English text.
The use of a refrain.
The use of frequent, long melismas.
77
Missa Pange lingua is a
cantus-firmus mass
isorhythmic mass
paraphrase mass
imitation mass

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