How has the Solar System formed using scientific theory?

Formed gas and dust from exploding start

What information do fossil and sediments provide?

How the Earth’s climate has changed over time

How does correlation of voltage and reactivity with metals display patterns in science?

An example of strongly correlated aspects of a sci principle

A causal relationship is established when...

A need for a plausible scientific way of linking factors

Models, based on theoretical understanding, are developed to explain what?

Processes that may be unobservable

What is the evidence for moving plates?

Paleomagnetism and Magnetic Fields

Equilibrium exists between these two types of gasses:

Atmospheric and gases dissolved in water

What high voltages for efficient distribution needed for?

Large-scale distribution for domestic and industrial use

How did Alessandro Volta disprove Galvani’s ideas?

With a flow of electricity from a battery w/ differentmetals

What does Newton’s first law state?

object stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force

Which of the following is the structured procedure of scientific method?

Observation, measurement, experiment

What has caused sea levels to change over geological time?

The total amount of water & the ratio of water to ice

Why is the ability to do work in nuclear reactions more than in fossil fuels?

The extremely high density of Uranium

What does the development of more efficient turbines depend on?

Increased power of instrumentation and computer simulations

What does UV light directly cause?

Chemical reactions between components of the atmosphere

What does the choice of primary energy source depend on?

Availability of resources, capital costs, running costs

A scientist in one field reads another scientist’s paper.

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NOS Review Quiz

133 termsStudBud Administration85 plays

A review of the Understandings (left column of pilot guide) and the Nature of Science Statements.

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Questions 133

Answers

1
How has the Solar System formed using scientific theory?
Hydrogen fusing with Hydrogen
Protostar Formation
Formed gas and dust from exploding start
Accretion of Planets
2
How is Newton’s second law expressed?
A=v2-v1/t
F=ma
none of the above
M= f/a
3
In general, metallic, ionic and covalent bonds are _________.
Strong
Malleable
Weak
Neutral
4
What species descended from a common ancestor?
Archaea
LUCA
Mammals
All of the above
5
What information do fossil and sediments provide?
How the Earth’s climate has changed over time
Evidence for Human Evolution
Information regarding the Modern Scientific Theory
Information about the Big Bang Theory
6
What is one of the technological developments that helped an understanding of the solar system.
Solar Panels
Binoculars
All of the above
Telescopes
7
Controlled fission is used for?
Nuclear Power
Nuclear Weapons
Nuclear Bombs
Nuclear Energy
8
Are theories, laws and hypotheses progressive to each other? (need one to create the other)
Probably
False
Maybe
True
9
How does correlation of voltage and reactivity with metals display patterns in science?
Metals are required to make patterns in electrochemcal cells
Metal and electricity combine well
Electricity and voltage are very similar
An example of strongly correlated aspects of a sci principle
10
A causal relationship is established when...
A strong correlation not necessarily linking factors
A list of related data
Data collected through controlled experiments
A need for a plausible scientific way of linking factors
11
______ is one of the few concepts common to all sciences.
Life
Big Bang
Evolution
Energy
12
__ are mathematical in form and can be used to calculate outcomes and to make predictions.
Laws
Ideas
Facts
Theories
13
What was Newton’s inspiration behind discovering his laws?
To prove someone wrong
The apple
Curiosity
He did it for his job
14
What do scientists use in their scientific work?
Fear
Reasoning
Logic
Passion
15
Models, based on theoretical understanding, are developed to explain what?
Processes that may be unobservable
The formation of galaxies
How space was formed
The formation of the solar system
16
What generates a significant portion of the total energy output of many countries?
Wind Power
Solar Power
Electricity
Nuclear Power
17
What is the evidence for moving plates?
Paleomagnetism
Magnetic fields
Paleomagnetism and Magnetic Fields
Satellite Images
18
Who formulated the Periodic Law?
Galileo Galilei
Dmitri Mendeleev
Isaac Newton
Nicolaus Copernicus
19
Equilibrium exists between these two types of gasses:
Atmospheric and inert gases
Flammable gases and combustion reactions
Flammable gases and inert gases
Atmospheric and gases dissolved in water
20
What high voltages for efficient distribution needed for?
Mobile phones
Electricity in houses
Provide power to a city
Large-scale distribution for domestic and industrial use
21
__are themselves integrated, comprehensive models of how the universe orparts of it, work.
Predictions
Laws
Theories
Facts
22
What do current models of the universe require?
All of the Above
Dark Energy
Dark Matter
Deep Space
23
What is the thing scientists have to be prepared for during a scientific experiment
Exciting
Thinking
Challenging
All of the above
24
Which of the following are not renewable energy sources?
Geothermal Energy
Solar Energy
Wind Energy
Fossil Fuels
25
There are several____, each with a different contribution to global warming.
greenhouse gases
animals
processes
people
26
How did Alessandro Volta disprove Galvani’s ideas?
Exposing his flaws in his theories
To take out the competition
With a flow of electricity from a battery w/ differentmetals
All of the above
27
The “f” in Fleming’s Left Hand Rule stands for what?
Frequency
Force
Forward
Field
28
Which scientist was keen on identifying the effects and proposing causes of electricity?
Francis Hauksbee
Benjamin Franklin
Michael Faraday
Rosalind Franklin
29
The understanding of science is agreed upon across fields and branches of the domain.
maybe
probably
true
false
30
What does Newton’s first law state?
F= ma
for every action an opposite and equal reaction
object stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force
E=mc2
31
Which of the following is the structured procedure of scientific method?
Observation, measurement, experiment
Thresholds, eras, epochs
Intuition, authority, logic, evidence
Belief, claim, theory
32
What must an idea have in order to be scientific?
All of these choices
Must focus on natural explanations
Must focus on the natural world
Must be testable
33
Evidence is used to...
All of the above
Develop theories
Generalize data
Form Laws
34
What has caused sea levels to change over geological time?
The ratio of water to ice
The amount of ice
The total amount of water & the ratio of water to ice
The total amount of water
35
Who developed the theory of natural selection?
James Wallace
Charles Darwin
Alfred Wallace
Gregor Mendel
36
How long ago did the big bang happen?
14.8 billion years ago
13.8 billion years ago
13.8 million years ago
14.8 million years ago
37
The physical field that is produced by electrically charged objects is...
Metallic Bonding field
Gravitational field
Electromagnetic Field
Static field
38
How can an increase in computing power help scientists?
Makes computers more affordable for scientists
Improves computer modelling
Makes computers faster
Improved scientists ability to design computers
39
What are new sources of energy to power generators for steam engines?
Steam Engines
Biofuel
Computer Modelling
Water
40
Changes to the atmosphere that result from ______ have a big effect on the climate.
human activity
car emissions
factories
scientists
41
How do scientists test claims?
Intuition and Logic
Authority
All of the above
Evidence
42
What do present-day astronomical observations rely on in order to show useful information?
All of the above
Solar energy
Rapid computer processing
Artificial Intelligence
43
Which of the following can be transmitted to the geostationary satellites?
Heat signals
Microwave frequency signals
CMBR
Polar orbiting satellites
44
Why is the ability to do work in nuclear reactions more than in fossil fuels?
It has more atoms
The extremely high density of Uranium
It is faster
It is sustainable
45
What does the development of more efficient turbines depend on?
How accessible the turbines are
How easy the turbines are to make
Advanced technology
Increased power of instrumentation and computer simulations
46
What is important to scientists?
Belief
Logic
Fear
Evidence
47
What is evidence of the theory that we are still expanding due to the big bang?
CMBR
Red Shift
Inflation
Blue Shift
48
What does UV light directly cause?
An increase in the ozone layer
Skin Cancer
Global warming
Chemical reactions between components of the atmosphere
49
What does the choice of primary energy source depend on?
Availability of resources, capital costs, running costs
Potential social impact
If the company’s economy can support it
f the society wants primary energy sources
50
What is peer review?
A scientist in one field reads opp. fields scientist’s paper
A scientist in one field reads another scientist’s paper.
When scientists rate each other’s work on a scale- 1 to 100.
When a scientist publishes a paper.
51
What is an atom or molecule that has a net charge of positive OR negative?
Cation
Plasma
Anion
Ion
52
What do oscillations on an ocilliscope represent?
Emitting of Sound
Emitting of electromagnetic waves
Emitting of electromagnetic waves
Emitting of color
53
The study of rocks provides scientists with...
An understanding of beginning of universe.
Evidence for Alien Life
Earth and its origins.
The Solar System
54
What is the catastrophic collapse called massive stars go through?
Super Nova
Super Explosion
Big Bang
Main Sequence
55
What device would scientists need to make a high current, with low mass and high efficiency?
Metal
Gasoline
Copper
Electrodes and electrolytes
56
How have scientists made more accurate observations about the earth’s atmosphere in the past?
Advanced Computers
Ice core samples
Satellite imagery
Space Telescopes
57
Which current moves in one direction?
Waves
Alternating Current (AC)
Direct Current (DC)
Voltage
58
The four types of ______________; chemical, atomic, electrical, and heat
energy
matter
atom
gravity
59
Who invented the lightbulb?
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Shelby
Thomas Paine
Thomas Edison
60
What are new sources of energy to power generators for steam engines?
Oil
All of the Above
Nuclear
Gas
61
Hauksbee strived to understand the natural phenomena by this investigation style explained as..
Pattern Seeking
Thematic Investigating
Identifying and Classifying
Researching
62
The work of Thomson, Millikan, Rutherford, and Chadwick led to the understanding of...
Solar energy and other renewable sources
The big bang factuality
The DNA and RNA formation
Structure of atoms and the existence of subatomic particles
63
What do fuel cells need to continually produce electricity?
Water
Fuel
Chemicals
Turbine
64
Which of the following is an example of “work?”
Holding a heavy box and walking upstairs
Holding a heavy box
Standing in place on a windy day
Standing in place on a windy day while holding a kite
65
What were some of the early form(s) of electricity that was studied?
Lightening
Fossil Fuels
Static Electricity
Lightening and static electicity
66
The presence of large quantities of dark matter and dark energy is used in what?
Quantum chemistry
Current Models of the Universe
Diagram of earth
Models of an atom
67
Power is the energy released (or work done) per unit time or rate. It is measured in ______.
Megawatts (joules per second)
Grams
m/s-1
Frequency
68
Observations of the spectra of stars can be used to deduce their ___.
Luminosity
Weight
Composition
mass to volume ratio
69
Sea levels have risen over geological time as a result of...
The Sun Approaching the Earth
More water added from comets and meteorites
Global Warming
Glaciation
70
The difference between accuracy and precision is...
Accuracy-close to expected outcome, Precision-data together
Accuracy-close to expected outcome, Precision-exact data
Accuracy-exact data, Precision-data together
Accuracy-data together, Precision-close to expected outcome
71
A person pushes another person on a swing, and with each push, the person goes higher.
Thermal Energy
Kinetic Energy
Convection Energy
Force Energy
72
How is the interior of the Earth analysed?
Going down into the Earth's core
Seismic Waves
Drilling a hole
X-rays
73
What source in power stations power the main turbines?
Secondary Energy Sources
Fossil Fuels
Depends on Power Station
Primary Energy Sources
74
What movement are involves a force acting towards the center of rotation?
Irregular
Swirling
Elliptical
Circular
75
What evidence did Darwin use to explain evolution?
Anatomical structure of animals based on geo- distribution
Percentages of comparative DNA
Phylogenetic Trees
Monkeys as ancestors
76
How was the geocentric model further proved?
When the first man landed on the moon
By looking at the sun
Through mathematical research
The invention of the telescope
77
Which process allows stars to be created?
When Carbon heats up and collides
Nuclear fusion of Carbon
Dissociation of H2O
When Hydrogen atoms begin fusing at 10, 000, 000 degrees C
78
What is the theory of natural selection built on?
Coherent views of life
Laboratory evidence
Inferences based on observations
A theory developed by Alfred Wallace
79
What tools made the development of human civilization possible?
Creating languages
Using art as communication
Hunting weapons
All of the above
80
Teamwork in science is ____.
open-minded and dependent on culture.
independent of factors such as religion and culture.
closed-minded and objective.
based on funding and national exchanges of biased informatio
81
Who's research resulted in the invention of the electric generator/motor (electricity & magne)
Hans Christian Ørsted
Francis Hauksbee
Benjamin Franklin
Michael Faraday
82
What are the implications of mining Uranium?
All of the above
Expensive
Harmful to environment to extract
Risk of explosion
83
How do living organisms affect processes in the atmosphere?
They add nitrogen to the soil.
They die and distort evidence
They take in liquid water & release vapor into atmosphere
Create inaccuracies in the processes
84
What allowed for the development of models for predicting effects of change in gas composition?
Detailed study of the Big Bang
Detailed study of the Earth’s composition
Detailed study of global warming
Detailed study of the atmosphere
85
Which scientist considered electricity to be a property of living things?
Luigi Galvani
Georg Simon Ohm
Benjamin Franklin
Francis Hauksbee
86
Why are primary cells unable to be recharged?
The chemicals within the battery would overheat if charged
They don’t have a charging cord
The batteries use non-reversible chemical reactions
They use up all their energy
87
What is the current theory of the universe and what does it state?
Big Bang -13.8 million yrs ago- release of all energy.
Modern Science -13.8 billion yrs ago- release of all energy.
Big Bang -13.8 billion yrs ago- release of all energy.
Modern Science -13.8 million yrs ago- release of all energy.
88
An example of artificial selection is the presence of the...
Galapagos dogs
Galapagos finches
Galapagos iquanas
Galapagos geckos
89
What is the main disadvantage of using nuclear power?
Hard to obtain
Noisy for those living nearby.
Difficult to manage
Possible disaster in the small chance of an accident
90
Where is most energy on Earth generated from?
Fossil fuels
The sun
Renewable energy
Non-renewable energy
91
Which of the following require directing from a particular caller to a specific recipient?
Radio
Fax
E-mails
Telephone calls
92
In which case couldn't reliable results and analysis not be achieved?
By relying on past research and results
By analysing large amounts of data
By analysis no amount data
With only little amount of data
93
How can we assure that nuclear reactors are controlled?
By monitoring the output
We cannot.
Through technological advancement
By using small amounts
94
What did a detailed study of the atmosphere help us to understand?
Predict the future
Construct Models
Discover new compositions of gases
All of the above
95
Of the zones where plates interact, which describes the formation of Mariana trench- Atlantic?
Transform Zone
Subvergent Zone
Divergent Zone
Convergent Zone
96
Which energy sources is the major source for most countries?
Solar Power
Nuclear
Wind Power
Fossil Fuels
97
How high is the energy density of uranium-235?
Low
Extremely High
Moderate
High
98
Why can secondary cells be recharged?
They are smaller than primary cells
The chemical reaction that occurs within them is reversible
They’re more recent than primary cell batteries
The chemicals are not needed for the battery to recharge.
99
How much are Variations in solar activity hypothesized to affect global climate by?
50%
1%
5%
10%
100
Why is electricity a secondary energy source?
It is created from both nonrenewable and renewable sources
It's not as efficient as other energy sources
Because secondary energy is better for the environment
Because primary sources are older (coal)
101
How did Newton contribute to our understanding of the universe?
Contributed to Geocentric Theory
Trigonometry
Black Hole Theory
Developed 3 laws of motion
102
Human activity results in _______ that has a significant effect on climate.
changes in solar radiation
changes in water level
changes to the atmosphere
changes in pollution level
103
A correlation is best described as...
A connected observation
A statistical link between one variable and another
Factors that effect an outcome
A related coincidence
104
Which is an example of large scale collaboration in science?
An independent study.
The Human Genome Project.
The IB Group 4 Project at AISR.
The invention of the telescope.
105
Uncertainty about human ancestry comes from...
Misinterpretation of existing remains
All of the above
Misunderstood anatomy of organisms from the past
An incomplete fossil record
106
Which best describes the Big Bang theory
Spontaneous release of energy
Inflation
CMBR
Telescopes
107
What can hypotheses be tested by?
Experiments
Experiments and Observations of Natural World
Observations of Natural World
Logic
108
Why have scientists postulated a variety of models?
They wanted to explain molecule formation
They wanted to explain matter structure
They wanted to explain atoms
They wanted to explain protons
109
Main sequence stars, like our Sun, use nuclear fusion to convert. What are these two elements?
Zinc to Silver
Hydrogen to Oxygen
Helium to Hydrogen
Hydrogen to Helium
110
Where does equilibrium exist?
Between oxygen and gases in the atmosphere
Between solar radiation and atmospheric pressure
Between atmospheric pressure and gases in water
Between gases in the atmosphere and gases dissolved in water
111
What is the branch that deals with the relations between heat and other forms of energy?
red shift
thermodynamics
cosmology
logic
112
What's the balance btwn absorbed and emitted radiation resulting in increase surface temp allow
Provide energy
Sustain life
Heat radiation
Allow's Earth's rotation
113
This type of theory should be as simple as possible while maximizing explanatory power.
Occam's Razor Theory
Hubble's Theory of Planetary Motion
Einstein's Theory of Simplicity
Olber's Universe Theory
114
What does the movement of a conductor through a magnetic field create?
Electric Current
Heat Energy
Battery
Magnet
115
Broadcast coverage requires the siting of ___.
Microwave frequency
Signal strength
Amplitude Adjustment
Transmitters
116
What origin story describes the Big Bang?
Zulu
Modern Scientific
Chinese
Greek
117
What leads us to infer that Earth was formed around 4.6 billion years ago?
Qualitative data from radioactive emissions from meteorites.
Quantitative data from radioactive emissions from meteorites
Qualitative data from radioactive emissions of Earth’s core.
Quantitative data from radioactive emissions of Earth’s core
118
What was used to determine the existence of bipedal apes in Africa 4.4 million years ago?
Studying old human civilizations
Homologous features
Examining bones
Radioactive dating
119
This provides the nuclear power used to make electrical energy w/ steam turbines & generators.
Fossil Fuels
Uncontrolled Fission
Solar Power
Sustained nuclear fission
120
A theory can incorporate...
Theories
Facts and Tested Hypothesis
Facts
Tested Hypothesis
121
Which of the following equations explains the interchangeability between mass and energy?
P= M2AT
Kepler’s 1st law of planetary motion
F= m*a
E=mc2
122
What form of modelling allowed us to develop the current theory of the big bang?
Thermal
clay
3-D printing
Computer
123
What surrounds the Earth and has changed in composition?
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Atmosphere
Ozone layer
124
What was a challenge to the geocentric model?
The changes in the brightness of the stars over time.
The changes in the position of the planets compared to stars
The changes in the rotation of certain planets and stars.
The changes in the speed of planets.
125
The process where the nucleus of the atom splits into several smaller fragments is called?
Nuclear Fission
Nuclear Bombs
Nuclear Energy
Nuclear Fusion
126
The difference between molecules and ions is...
atoms can be either
molecules are groups of atoms
ions are compounds
Ions is an charged atom or group of atoms, molecules are not
127
How can scientist contribute to a common goal that is beyond one scientific field?
Through involving the public
Through cooperation among scientists friends
All of the above
Through collaboration with scientists from various fields
128
Are stars other than the sun also surrounded by planets?
Yes, always.
No
Yes, sometimes.
The sun is not surrounded by planets.
129
What is the best way to describe Occam’s Razor?
An actual razor
Another word for the scientific method
A way to study the solar system
A philosophy of science
130
There are only ____ long-lasting elements in the universe.
77
98
60
36
131
Fossils and sediments also provide information on how the_______ has changed over time.
agriculture
Earth’s climate
sea levels
universe
132
The discovery/detection of CMBR provides evidence of the Big Bang. What theory did this refute?
Steady-state theory
Geocentric Theory
Gravity
Big Bang Theory
133
Who proposed the heliocentric theory?
Brahe
Galileo
Copernicus
Ptolemy

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